/****************************************************************************** * * NAME *    stdvqe.c *    J. R. Goldschneider 5/93 * * MODIFICATIONS *    11/93 modified to display defaults values. The -s option was added so *    that three programs were no longer maintained. JRG * *    3/94 JRG changed codebook so it is smart. It know knows the codebook size *    and dimension.  The format is: *        TYPE       SIZE            DESCRIPTION *        long       1               number of codewords (size) *        integer    1               vector dimension (dimension) *        double     size*dimension  codewords * *    12/95 JRG changed log2() to log()/M_LN2() * *    1/3/96 JRG changed one line in annulus() and sphere_annulus() *    to correct for an error in the sorting routine that ordered the *    codebook based on the norm. * *    9/4/97 JRG changed one line in annulus() and sphere_annulus() *    to correct for an index error in accessing the codeword. * * SYNOPSIS *    stdvqe -c codebook -i input -o f3 -s speedup -D * * DESCRIPTION *    stdvqe encodes file f1 using codewords from the codebook f2 that yield *    the lowest mean squared error.  The reproduction file is placed in f3. *    There are three options to speed up the search.  The first uses *    partial distortion for speedup.  The second two use constraints *    imposed by ordering the codewords. See  Huang, Bi, Stiles, *    and Harris in the IEEE Transactions on Image Processing July 1992. *    All three versions use the mean square error as the metric. * * OPTIONS *    -i  input file name *    -c  codebook file name *    -o  output file name *    -s  type of constrained search or speedup * * FLAGS *    -D  print cell counts and distortions * *    See vq.h for definitions of default values * * CALLS * *****************************************************************************/#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include <math.h>#include "vq.h"#include "stdvq.def"#include "stdvq.h"FILE    *inputfile;        /* image to encode */FILE    *outputfile;       /* reproduction image */char    outputname[NAME_MAXIMUM]; /* name of reproduction image */double  fullsearch();double  annulus();double  sphere_annulus();int main(argc, argv)     int  argc;     char *argv[];{  char    option;          /* used for command line interpretation */  char    inputname[NAME_MAXIMUM]; /* name of input image */  FILE    *codebookfile;   /* pointer to codebook file */  double  **codebook;      /* codewords stored [index][dimension] */  double  *celldistortion; /* distortion of each voronoi region */  double (*method)();      /* pointer to function */  double  distortion;      /* total average distortion of encoded image */  double  entropy;         /* entropy of encoded image */  long    *count;          /* number of cells in each voronoi region */  long    numbervectors;   /* number of vectors encoded */  long    i;               /* index */  int     speedup;         /* indicates which type of speedup to use */  /* set default values */  display_info = FALSE;  programname = *argv;  speedup = DEF_SPEEDUP;  sprintf(inputname,DEF_INNAME);  sprintf(outputname,DEF_OUTNAME);  sprintf(codebookname,DEF_INNAME);  /* if no options entered, list all of the defaults */  if (argc == 1) {    printf("%s %s %s\n",USAGE,programname,HOWTOUSE_STDVQE);    printf("\nOPTIONS   DESCRIPTIONS                         DEFAULTS\n");    printf("-c        codebook name                        %s\n",codebookname);    printf("-i        input name                           %s\n",inputname);    printf("-o        output name                          %s\n",outputname);    printf("-D        print cell counts and distortions\n");    printf("-s        constrained search choice            %d\n",speedup);    printf("          0 for partial distortion only\n");    printf("          1 for p.d. and constrained search\n");    printf("          2 for p.d. and more constrained search\n");    printf("\n");    fflush(stdout);    exit(0);  }  /* read and interpret command line arguments */  while (--argc && ++argv) {    if (*argv[0]=='-' && strlen(*argv)==2) { /* each option has 1 letter */      option = *++argv[0];      if (option == 'D') {display_info = TRUE;}/* examine the flag */      else if (--argc && ++argv) { /* examine the option */	switch(option) { /* examine the option letter */	case 'i':	  strncpy(inputname,*argv,NAME_MAX);	  break;	case 'c':	  strncpy(codebookname,*argv,NAME_MAX);	  break;	case 'o':	  strncpy(outputname,*argv,NAME_MAX);	  break;	case 's':          sscanf(*argv,"%d",&speedup);          break;	default:	  fprintf(stderr,"%s: %c: %s\n",programname,option,NOTOPTION);	  exit(1);	  break;	}      }      else {	fprintf(stderr,"%s %s %s\n",USAGE,programname,HOWTOUSE_STDVQE);	exit(2);      }    }    else if (*argv[0] == '-') { /* user entered unknown option */      ++argv[0];      fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,*argv,NOTOPTION);      exit(3);    }    else { /* user entered unknown string */      fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,*argv,NOTOPTION);      exit(4);    }  }  /* user did not enter an input file name or a codebook file name */  if (strlen(inputname) == 0 || strlen(codebookname) == 0 ) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s %s %s\n",USAGE,programname,HOWTOUSE_STDVQE);    exit(5);  }  /* find speedup option */  switch (speedup)    {    case 0:      method = fullsearch;      break;    case 1:      method = annulus;      break;    case 2:      method = sphere_annulus;      break;    default:      fprintf(stderr,"%s %s %s\n",USAGE,programname,HOWTOUSE_STDVQ);      exit(6);    }  /* user entered an input name which is the same as the output name */  if (strncmp(inputname,outputname,NAME_MAX) == 0) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s %s %s %s: %s\n",	    programname,inputname,AND,outputname,ARESAME,ABORT_STDVQE);    exit(7);  }  /* user entered a codebook name which is the same as the output name */  if (strncmp(codebookname,outputname,NAME_MAX) == 0) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s %s %s %s: %s\n",	    programname,codebookname,AND,outputname,ARESAME,ABORT_STDVQE);    exit(8);  }  /* user entered an input name which is the same as the codebook name */  if (strncmp(inputname,codebookname,NAME_MAX) == 0) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s %s %s %s: %s\n",	    programname,inputname,AND,codebookname,ARESAME,ABORT_STDVQE);    exit(9);  }  /* if an input file is given but not an output file, assign output name */  if (strlen(outputname) == 0) {    sprintf(outputname,"%s%s",inputname,DEF_APPEND_VQ);  }  /* open the files */  if((inputfile = fopen(inputname,"r")) == NULL){    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,inputname,NOTFOUND);    exit(10);  }  if((codebookfile = fopen(codebookname,"r")) == NULL){    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,codebookname,NOTFOUND);    exit(11);  }  if((outputfile = fopen(outputname,"w")) == NULL){    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,outputname,NOTFOUND);    exit(12);  }  /* allocate memory for each codeword, read the codeword, and     initialize its count and distortion */  rewind(codebookfile);  /* find the codebooksize */  if (fread(&codebooksize,sizeof(long),1,codebookfile) != 1) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,codebookname,NOREAD);    exit(13);  }  /* find the dimension */  if (fread(&dimension,sizeof(int),1,codebookfile) != 1) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,codebookname,NOREAD);    exit(14);  }  /* allocate memory for the codebook, cell counts, and cell distortions */  if (!(codebook = (double **) calloc(codebooksize,sizeof(double *))) ||      !(count = (long *) calloc(codebooksize,sizeof(long))) ||      !(celldistortion  = (double *) calloc(codebooksize,sizeof(double)))) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",programname,NOMEMORY);    exit(15);  }  for(i = 0; i < codebooksize; i++) {    if (!(codebook[i] = (double *) calloc(dimension,sizeof(double)))) {      fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",programname,NOMEMORY);      exit(16);    }    if (fread(codebook[i],sizeof(double),dimension,codebookfile)!=dimension ||	feof(codebookfile) || ferror(codebookfile) ) {      fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s: %s\n",programname,codebookname,NOREAD);      exit(17);    }    count[i] = 0;    celldistortion[i] = 0.0;  }  fclose(codebookfile);  /* encode the data */  if((distortion = method(codebook,count,celldistortion)) < 0) {    exit(18);  }  /* normalize the distortions and find the entropy */  numbervectors = 0;  entropy = 0.0;  for (i = 0; i < codebooksize; i++) {    if (count[i] != 0) {      celldistortion[i] = celldistortion[i] / (double) count[i];      entropy += (count[i]) * log( (double) count[i] );    }    numbervectors += count[i];  }  if (numbervectors != 0) {    distortion /= (double) numbervectors;    entropy = (log( (double) numbervectors) - entropy/numbervectors) / M_LN2;  }  /* output the statistics */  printf("\n");  printf("File to encode:       %s\n", inputname);  printf("Codebook file:        %s\n", codebookname);  printf("Number of Codewords:  %d\n", codebooksize);  printf("Encoded file:         %s\n", outputname);  printf("Vectors encoded:      %d\n", numbervectors);  printf("Average distortion:   %f\n", distortion);  printf("Rate (bpv):           %f\n", (log((double) codebooksize)/M_LN2));  printf("Empirical entropy:    %f\n\n",entropy);  /* Print the cell information if requested */  if (display_info) {    printf("\nCodeword  Count     Distortion\n\n");    for (i = 0; i < codebooksize; i++) {      printf("%-10d%-10d%-10f\n",i,count[i],celldistortion[i]);    }  }  fflush(stdout);  fclose(inputfile);  fclose(outputfile);  exit(0);}double fullsearch(codebook,count,celldistortion)     double **codebook;     long   *count;     double *celldistortion;{  DATA    *tempvector;    /* vector to be encoded */  double  distortion;     /* total image distortion */  double  bestdistortion; /* distortion between vector and best codeword */  double  tempdistortion; /* temporary variable */  double  temp;           /* temporary variable */  long    bestcodeword;   /* index of closest codeword */  long    i,j;            /* counters and indices */  /* allocate memory for the temporary vector */  if(!(tempvector = (DATA *) calloc(dimension,sizeof(DATA)))) {    fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",programname,NOMEMORY);    return(-1.0);  }  /* encode the data and write them to the output file, also find statistics */  rewind(inputfile);  distortion = 0.0;