@c -*-texinfo-*-@node GNU Free Documentation License@appendix GNU Free Documentation License@center Version 1.1, March 2000@ifnottex@menu* How to use this License for your documents::@end menu@end ifnottex@displayCopyright (C) 2000  Free Software Foundation, Inc.59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USAEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copiesof this license document, but changing it is not allowed.@end display@iftex@sp1@end iftex@enumerate 0@itemPREAMBLEThe purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or otherwritten document ``free'' in the sense of freedom: to assure everyonethe effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or withoutmodifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.  Secondarily,this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to getcredit for their work, while not being considered responsible formodifications made by others.This License is a kind of ``copyleft'', which means that derivativeworks of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.  Itcomplements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleftlicense designed for free software.We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for freesoftware, because free software needs free documentation: a freeprogram should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that thesoftware does.  But this License is not limited to software manuals;it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter orwhether it is published as a printed book.  We recommend this Licenseprincipally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.@iftex@sp1@end iftex@itemAPPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONSThis License applies to any manual or other work that contains anotice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributedunder the terms of this License.  The ``Document'', below, refers to anysuch manual or work.  Any member of the public is a licensee, and isaddressed as ``you''.A ``Modified Version'' of the Document means any work containing theDocument or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or withmodifications and/or translated into another language.A ``Secondary Section'' is a named appendix or a front-matter section ofthe Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of thepublishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject(or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directlywithin that overall subject.  (For example, if the Document is in part atextbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain anymathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historicalconnection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regardingthem.The ``Invariant Sections'' are certain Secondary Sections whose titlesare designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the noticethat says that the Document is released under this License.The ``Cover Texts'' are certain short passages of text that are listed,as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says thatthe Document is released under this License.A ``Transparent'' copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,represented in a format whose specification is available to thegeneral public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly andstraightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed ofpixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely availabledrawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters orfor automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for inputto text formatters.  A copy made in an otherwise Transparent fileformat whose markup has been designed to thwart or discouragesubsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.  A copy that isnot ``Transparent'' is called ``Opaque''.Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plainASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGMLor XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simpleHTML designed for human modification.  Opaque formats includePostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited onlyby proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/orprocessing tools are not generally available, and themachine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for outputpurposes only.The ``Title Page'' means, for a printed book, the title page itself,plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the materialthis License requires to appear in the title page.  For works informats which do not have any title page as such, ``Title Page'' meansthe text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,preceding the beginning of the body of the text.@iftex@sp1@end iftex@itemVERBATIM COPYINGYou may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, eithercommercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, thecopyright notices, and the license notice saying this License appliesto the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no otherconditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You may not usetechnical measures to obstruct or control the reading or furthercopying of the copies you make or distribute.  However, you may acceptcompensation in exchange for copies.  If you distribute a large enoughnumber of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, andyou may publicly display copies.@iftex@sp1@end iftex@itemCOPYING IN QUANTITYIf you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100,and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclosethe copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these CoverTexts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts onthe back cover.  Both covers must also clearly and legibly identifyyou as the publisher of these copies.  The front cover must presentthe full title with all words of the title equally prominent andvisible.  You may add other material on the covers in addition.Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preservethe title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treatedas verbatim copying in other respects.If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fitlegibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fitreasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacentpages.If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numberingmore than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparentcopy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copya publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a completeTransparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which thegeneral network-using public has access to download anonymously at nocharge using public-standard network protocols.  If you use the latteroption, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begindistribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that thisTransparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated locationuntil at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaquecopy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition tothe public.It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of theDocument well before redistributing any large number of copies, to givethem a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.@iftex@sp1@end iftex@itemMODIFICATIONSYou may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document underthe conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you releasethe Modified Version under precisely this License, with the ModifiedVersion filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distributionand modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copyof it.  In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct   from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions   (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section   of the Document).  You may use the same title as a previous version   if the original publisher of that version gives permission.@*B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities   responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified   Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the   Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).@*C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the   Modified Version, as the publisher.@*D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.@*E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications   adjacent to the other copyright notices.@*F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice   giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the   terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.@*G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections   and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.@*H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.@*I. Preserve the section entitled ``History'', and its title, and add to