_Mybase_t::operator=(_Right);
		return (*this);
		}

	// constructors
	explicit hash_map_base(key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct empty hash_map from compare
		}

	hash_map_base(key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct with specified compare and hash
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_base(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct hash_map from [_First, _Last), defaults
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_base(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct hash_map from [_First, _Last), compare
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_base(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct hash_map from [_First, _Last), compare and hash
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	// mutators
	pair_iter_bool insert(value_type _Val) new
		{	// try to insert node with value _Val, return iterator
		_Pairnb _Ans = insert_node(_Val, nullptr);

		return (pair_iter_bool(iterator(_Ans.first),
			_Ans.second));
		}

	iterator insert(iterator, value_type _Val) new
		{	// insert a key value, with hint
		_Pairnb _Ans = insert_node(_Val, nullptr);	// ignore hint

		return (make_iterator(_Ans.first));
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		void insert(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		{	// insert [_First, _Last) one at a time
		_Mybase_t::insert(_First, _Last);
		}

	void insert(_Myenum_it^ _Right) new
		{	// insert enumerable
		_Mybase_t::insert(_Right);
		}

	// converters
	static value_type make_value(key_type _Key, mapped_type _Mapped)
		{	// make a value_type
		return (gcnew _Object_t(_Key, _Mapped));
		}

	// interfaces
private:
	property size_type Count_generic
		{	// element count
		virtual size_type get() sealed
			= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Count::get
			{	// get element count
			return (size());
			}
		};

	property bool IsReadOnly
		{	// test if read only
		virtual bool get() sealed
			= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>
				::IsReadOnly::get
			{	// test if read only
			return (false);
			}
		};

	// converters
	virtual void CopyTo(_Myarray_t^ _Dest, int _First) sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::CopyTo
		{	// copy to _Dest, beginning at _First
		node_type^ _Node = head_node();

		for (int _Idx = size(); 0 <= --_Idx; )
			{	// copy back to front
			_Node = _Node->prev_node();
			_Dest[_First + _Idx] = _Node->_Value;
			}
		}

	virtual System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerator<_Value_t>^
		GetEnumerator() sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<_Value_t>::GetEnumerator
		{	// get enumerator for the container
		return (gcnew _STLCLR HashEnumerator<_Key_t, _Value_t>(
			front_node()));
		}

	virtual void Add(value_type _Val) sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Add
		{	// add element with value _Val
		insert_node(_Val, nullptr);
		}

	virtual void Clear() sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Clear
		{	// erase all elements
		clear();
		}

	virtual bool Contains(value_type _Val) sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Contains
		{	// search for element matching value _Val
		for (node_type^ _Node = front_node(); _Node != head_node();
			_Node = _Node->next_node())
			if (((System::Object^)_Val)->Equals(
				(System::Object^)_Node->_Value))
				return (true);
		return (false);
		}

	virtual bool Remove(value_type _Val) sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Remove
		{	// remove first element matching value _Val
		for (node_type^ _Node = front_node(); _Node != head_node();
			_Node = _Node->next_node())
			if (((System::Object^)_Val->first)->Equals(
					(System::Object^)_Node->_Value->first)
				&& ((System::Object^)_Val->second)->Equals(
					(System::Object^)_Node->_Value->second))
				{	// found a match, remove it
				erase_node(_Node);
				return (true);
				}
		return (false);
		}
	};

//
// TEMPLATE CLASS hash_map_select
//
template<typename _Key1_t,
	typename _Mapped_t,
	bool _Is_ref_key,
	bool _Is_ref_mapped>
	ref class hash_map_select
	:	public hash_map_base<_Key1_t, _Mapped_t>
	{	// ordered red-black tree of unique keys + values
public:
	// types
	typedef _Key1_t _Gkey_t;
	typedef _Mapped_t _Gmapped_t;

	typedef hash_map_select<_Key1_t, _Mapped_t, _Is_ref_key, _Is_ref_mapped>
		_Mytype_t;
	typedef hash_map_base<_Gkey_t, _Gmapped_t> _Mybase_t;
//	typedef System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<_Value_t> _Myenum_it;
//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<_Gkey_t, _Gmapped_t> _Object_t;

	typedef _Key1_t key_type;
	typedef _Mapped_t mapped_type;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::value_type value_type;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::key_compare key_compare;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::key_compare key_compare;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::hasher hasher;

//	typedef int size_type;
//	typedef int difference_type;
//	typedef _Value_t value_type;
//	typedef value_type% reference;
//	typedef value_type% const_reference;

//	typedef _Mycont_it generic_container;
//	typedef value_type generic_value;

//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, bool> pair_iter_bool;
//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, iterator^> pair_iter_iter;

	// basics
	hash_map_select()
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct empty map from defaults
		}

	hash_map_select(hash_map_select% _Right)
		:	_Mybase_t((_Mybase_t%)_Right)
		{	// construct by copying a hash_map
		}

	hash_map_select% operator=(hash_map_select% _Right)
		{	// assign
		_Mybase_t::operator=(_Right);
		return (*this);
		}

	// constructors
	explicit hash_map_select(key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct empty map from comparator
		}

	hash_map_select(key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct with specified compare and hash
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct map from [_First, _Last), default comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last, key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct map from [_First, _Last), comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct hash_map from [_First, _Last), compare and hash
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	// accessors
//	property mapped_type default[key_type]
//		{	// get or set subscripted element
//		mapped_type get(key_type _Key)
//			{	// get _Key element
//			_Pairnb _Ans = insert_node(
//				gcnew _Object_t(_Key), nullptr);
//
//			return (_Ans.first->_Value->second);
//			}
//
//		void set(key_type _Key, mapped_type _Val)
//			{	// set _Key element
//			node_type^ _Node = insert_node(
//				gcnew _Object_t(_Key), nullptr).first;
//
//			_Node->_Value->second = _Val;
//			}
//		};

	// converters
	static value_type make_value(key_type _Key, mapped_type _Mapped)
		{	// make a value_type
		return (gcnew _Object_t(_Key, _Mapped));
		}

	// mutators
//	virtual size_type erase(key_type _Keyval);

	pair_iter_bool insert(cliext::pair<key_type, mapped_type> _Val) 
		{	// try to insert node with value _Val, return iterator
		_Pairnb _Ans =
			insert_node(make_value(_Val.first, _Val.second), nullptr);

		return (pair_iter_bool(iterator(_Ans.first),
			_Ans.second));
		}

	iterator insert(iterator _Where,
		cliext::pair<key_type, mapped_type> _Val) 
		{	// insert a key value, with hint
		return (_Mybase_t::insert(_Where,
			make_value(_Val.first, _Val.second)));
		}

	// searches
//	virtual iterator find(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual size_type count(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual iterator lower_bound(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual iterator upper_bound(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual pair_iter_iter equal_range(key_type _Keyval);
	};

//
// TEMPLATE CLASS hash_map_select: _Mapped_t REF SPECIALIZATION
//
template<typename _Key1_t,
	typename _Mapped_t>
	ref class hash_map_select<_Key1_t, _Mapped_t, false, true>
	:	public hash_map_base<_Key1_t, _Mapped_t^>
	{	// ordered red-black tree of unique keys + values
public:
	// types
	typedef _Key1_t _Gkey_t;
	typedef _Mapped_t^ _Gmapped_t;

	typedef hash_map_select<_Key1_t, _Mapped_t, false, true> _Mytype_t;
	typedef hash_map_base<_Gkey_t, _Gmapped_t> _Mybase_t;
//	typedef System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<_Value_t> _Myenum_it;
	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<_Gkey_t, _Gmapped_t> _Object_t;

	typedef _Key1_t key_type;
	typedef _Mapped_t mapped_type;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::value_type value_type;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::key_compare key_compare;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::key_compare key_compare;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::hasher hasher;

//	typedef int size_type;
//	typedef int difference_type;
//	typedef _Value_t value_type;
//	typedef value_type% reference;
//	typedef value_type% const_reference;

//	typedef _Mycont_it generic_container;
//	typedef value_type generic_value;

//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, bool> pair_iter_bool;
//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, iterator^> pair_iter_iter;

	// basics
	hash_map_select()
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct empty map from defaults
		}

	hash_map_select(hash_map_select% _Right)
		:	_Mybase_t((_Mybase_t%)_Right)
		{	// construct by copying a hash_map
		}

	hash_map_select% operator=(hash_map_select% _Right)
		{	// assign
		_Mybase_t::operator=(_Right);
		return (*this);
		}

	// constructors
	explicit hash_map_select(key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct empty map from comparator
		}

	hash_map_select(key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct with specified compare and hash
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct map from [_First, _Last), default comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last, key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct map from [_First, _Last), comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_map_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct hash_map from [_First, _Last), compare and hash
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	// accessors
	property mapped_type default[key_type]
		{	// get or set subscripted element
		mapped_type get(key_type _Key)
			{	// get _Key element
			_Pairnb _Ans = insert_node(
				gcnew _Object_t(_Key), nullptr);

			return (*_Ans.first->_Value->second);
			}

		void set(key_type _Key, mapped_type _Val)
			{	// set _Key element
			node_type^ _Node = insert_node(
				gcnew _Object_t(_Key), nullptr).first;

			_Node->_Value->second = gcnew _Mapped_t(_Val);
			}
		};

	// converters
	static value_type make_value(key_type _Key, mapped_type _Mapped)
		{	// make a value_type
		return (gcnew _Object_t(_Key, gcnew _Mapped_t(_Mapped)));
		}

	// mutators
//	virtual size_type erase(key_type _Keyval);

	pair_iter_bool insert(cliext::pair<key_type, mapped_type> _Val) new
		{	// try to insert node with value _Val, return iterator
		_Pairnb _Ans =
			insert_node(make_value(_Val.first, _Val.second), nullptr);

		return (pair_iter_bool(iterator(_Ans.first),
			_Ans.second));
		}

	iterator insert(iterator _Where,
		cliext::pair<key_type, mapped_type> _Val) new
		{	// insert a key value, with hint
		return (_Mybase_t::insert(_Where,
			make_value(_Val.first, _Val.second)));
		}

	// searches
//	virtual iterator find(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual size_type count(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual iterator lower_bound(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual iterator upper_bound(key_type _Keyval);
//	virtual pair_iter_iter equal_range(key_type _Keyval);
	};

//
// TEMPLATE CLASS hash_map_select: _Key1_t REF SPECIALIZATION
//
template<typename _Key1_t,
	typename _Mapped_t>
	ref class hash_map_select<_Key1_t, _Mapped_t, true, false>
	:	public hash_map_base<_Key1_t^, _Mapped_t>