:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct with specified compare and hash
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_set_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct hash_set from [_First, _Last), default comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_set_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last, key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct hash_set from [_First, _Last), comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_set_select(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct hash_map from [_First, _Last), compare and hash
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	// converters
	static generic_value make_value(key_type _Key)
		{	// make a generic_value
		return (gcnew key_type(_Key));
		}

	// mutators
	pair_iter_bool insert(key_type _Val) 
		{	// try to insert node with value _Val, return iterator
		_Pairnb _Ans = insert_node(%_Val, nullptr);

		return (pair_iter_bool(iterator(_Ans.first),
			_Ans.second));
		}

	iterator insert(iterator _Where, key_type _Val) 
		{	// insert a key value, with hint
		return (_Mybase_t::insert(_Where, %_Val));
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		void insert(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		{	// insert [_First, _Last) one at a time
		_Mybase_t::insert(_First, _Last);
		}

	void insert(_Myenum_it^ _Right) new
		{	// insert enumerable
		_Mybase_t::insert(_Right);
		}

	size_type erase(key_type _Keyval) 
		{	// erase element at _Where
		return (_Mybase_t::erase(%_Keyval));
		}

	// searches
	iterator find(key_type _Keyval)
		{	// find an element that matches _Keyval, return iterator
		return (_Mybase_t::find(%_Keyval));
		}

	size_type count(key_type _Keyval)
		{	// count all elements that match _Keyval
		return (_Mybase_t::count(%_Keyval));
		}

	iterator lower_bound(key_type _Keyval)
		{	// find leftmost node not less than _Keyval
		return (_Mybase_t::lower_bound(%_Keyval));
		}

	iterator upper_bound(key_type _Keyval)
		{	// find leftmost node not less than _Keyval
		return (_Mybase_t::upper_bound(%_Keyval));
		}

	pair_iter_iter equal_range(key_type _Keyval)
		{	// find range equivalent to _Keyval
		return (_Mybase_t::equal_range(%_Keyval));
		}
	};
	}	// namespace cliext::impl

//
// TEMPLATE CLASS hash_set
//
template<typename _Key1_t>
	ref class hash_set
	:	public impl::hash_set_select<
			_Key1_t,
			__is_ref_class(typename _Dehandle<_Key1_t>::type)
				&& !is_handle<_Key1_t>::value>
	{	// ordered red-black tree of unique keys
public:
	// types
	typedef hash_set<_Key1_t> _Mytype_t;
	typedef impl::hash_set_select<
		_Key1_t,
		__is_ref_class(typename _Dehandle<_Key1_t>::type)
			&& !is_handle<_Key1_t>::value> _Mybase_t;

//	typedef _Key1_t key_type;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::value_type value_type;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::key_compare key_compare;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::value_compare value_compare;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::hasher hasher;

//	typedef int size_type;
//	typedef int difference_type;
//	typedef _Value_t value_type;
//	typedef value_type% reference;
//	typedef value_type% const_reference;

//	typedef _Mycont_it generic_container;
//	typedef value_type generic_value;

//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, bool> pair_iter_bool;
//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, iterator^> pair_iter_iter;

	// basics
	hash_set()
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct default
		}

	hash_set(hash_set% _Right)
		:	_Mybase_t((_Mybase_t%)_Right)
		{	// construct by copying a list
		}

	hash_set(hash_set^ _Right)
		:	_Mybase_t((_Mybase_t%)*_Right)
		{	// construct by copying a list
		}

	hash_set% operator=(hash_set% _Right)
		{	// assign
		_Mybase_t::operator=(_Right);
		return (*this);
		}

	hash_set% operator=(hash_set^ _Right)
		{	// assign
		_Mybase_t::operator=(*_Right);
		return (*this);
		}

	// constructors
	explicit hash_set(key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct empty hash_set from comparator
		}

	hash_set(key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct with specified compare and hash
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_set(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct hash_set from [_First, _Last), default comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_set(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last, key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct hash_set from [_First, _Last), comparator
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_set(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct hash_map from [_First, _Last), compare and hash
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	hash_set(_Myenum_it^ _Right)
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct hash_set from enumeration, default comparator
		for each (value_type _Val in _Right)
			insert(_Val);
		}

	hash_set(_Myenum_it^ _Right,
		key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct hash_set from enumeration, comparator
		for each (value_type _Val in _Right)
			insert(_Val);
		}

	hash_set(_Myenum_it^ _Right,
		key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct map from enumeration, compare and hash
		for each (value_type _Val in _Right)
			insert(_Val);
		}

	// mutators
	void swap(hash_set% _Right)
		{	// exchange contents with _Right
		_Mybase_t::swap(_Right);
		}

	// interfaces
public:
	virtual System::Object^ Clone() override
		{	// clone the vector
		return (gcnew _Mytype_t(*this));
		}
	};

//
// TEMPLATE FUNCTION swap
//
template<typename _Key_t> inline
	void swap(cliext::hash_set<_Key_t>% _Left,
		cliext::hash_set<_Key_t>% _Right)
	{	// swap two hash_sets
	_Left.swap(_Right);
	}

	namespace impl {
//
// TEMPLATE CLASS hash_multiset_base
//
template<typename _Key_t>
	ref class hash_multiset_base
	:	public hash<
			hash_set_traits<_Key_t, true> >,
			System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Key_t>,
			System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<_Key_t>
	{	// hash table of unique key values
public:
	// types
	typedef hash_multiset_base<_Key_t> _Mytype_t;
	typedef _Key_t _Value_t;
	typedef hash<hash_set_traits<_Key_t, true> > _Mybase_t;

	typedef typename _Mybase_t::key_type key_type;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::value_type value_type;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::key_compare key_compare;
//	typedef typename _Traits_t::value_compare value_compare;
//	typedef typename _Mybase_t::hasher hasher;

//	typedef int size_type;
//	typedef int difference_type;
//	typedef _Value_t value_type;
//	typedef value_type% reference;
//	typedef value_type% const_reference;

//	typedef _Mycont_it generic_container;
//	typedef value_type generic_value;

//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, bool> pair_iter_bool;
//	typedef _STLCLR GenericPair<iterator^, iterator^> pair_iter_iter;

	// basics
	hash_multiset_base()
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct empty hash_multiset from defaults
		}

	hash_multiset_base(hash_multiset_base% _Right)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Right)
		{	// construct by copying a hash_multiset
		}

	hash_multiset_base% operator=(hash_multiset_base% _Right)
		{	// assign
		_Mybase_t::operator=(_Right);
		return (*this);
		}

	// constructors
	explicit hash_multiset_base(key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct empty hash_multiset from compare
		}

	hash_multiset_base(key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct with specified compare and hash
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_multiset_base(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		:	_Mybase_t()
		{	// construct hash_multiset from [_First, _Last), defaults
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_multiset_base(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred)
		{	// construct hash_multiset from [_First, _Last), compare
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		hash_multiset_base(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last,
			key_compare^ _Pred, hasher^ _Hasher)
		:	_Mybase_t(_Pred, _Hasher)
		{	// construct hash_multiset from [_First, _Last), compare and hash
		for (; _First != _Last; ++_First)
			insert((value_type)*_First);
		}

	// mutators
	iterator insert(value_type _Val) 
		{	// try to insert node with value _Val, return iterator
		_Pairnb _Ans = insert_node(_Val, nullptr);

		return (make_iterator(_Ans.first));
		}

	iterator insert(iterator, value_type _Val) new
		{	// insert a key value, with hint
		_Pairnb _Ans = insert_node(_Val, nullptr);	// ignore hint

		return (make_iterator(_Ans.first));
		}

	template<typename _Iter_t>
		void insert(_Iter_t _First, _Iter_t _Last)
		{	// insert [_First, _Last) one at a time
		_Mybase_t::insert(_First, _Last);
		}

	void insert(_Myenum_it^ _Right) new
		{	// insert enumerable
		_Mybase_t::insert(_Right);
		}

	// interfaces
private:
	property size_type Count_generic
		{	// element count
		virtual size_type get() sealed
			= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Count::get
			{	// get element count
			return (size());
			}
		};

	property bool IsReadOnly
		{	// test if read only
		virtual bool get() sealed
			= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>
				::IsReadOnly::get
			{	// test if read only
			return (false);
			}
		};

	virtual void CopyTo(_Myarray_t^ _Dest, int _First) sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::CopyTo
		{	// copy to _Dest, beginning at _First
		node_type^ _Node = head_node();

		for (int _Idx = size(); 0 <= --_Idx; )
			{	// copy back to front
			_Node = _Node->prev_node();
			_Dest[_First + _Idx] = _Node->_Value;
			}
		}

	virtual System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerator<_Value_t>^
		GetEnumerator() sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::IEnumerable<_Value_t>::GetEnumerator
		{	// get enumerator for the container
		return (gcnew _STLCLR HashEnumerator<_Key_t, _Value_t>(
			front_node()));
		}

	// mutators
	virtual void Add(value_type _Val) sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Add
		{	// add element with value _Val
		insert_node(_Val, nullptr);
		}

	virtual void Clear() sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Clear
		{	// erase all elements
		clear();
		}

	virtual bool Contains(value_type _Val) sealed
		= System::Collections::Generic::ICollection<_Value_t>::Contains
		{	// search for element matching value _Val
		for (node_type^ _Node = front_node(); _Node != head_node();
			_Node = _Node->next_node())
			if (((System::Object^)_Val)->Equals(
				(System::Object^)_Node->_Value))
				return (true);
		return (false);
		}

	virtual bool Remove(value_type _Val) sealed