/* * qt-faststart.c, v0.1 * by Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net) * This file is placed in the public domain. Use the program however you * see fit. * * This utility rearranges a Quicktime file such that the moov atom * is in front of the data, thus facilitating network streaming. * * Compile this program using: *  cc qt-faststart.c -o qt-faststart * Invoke the program with: *  qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov> * * Notes: Quicktime files can come in many configurations of top-level * atoms. This utility stipulates that the very last atom in the file needs * to be a moov atom. When given such a file, this utility will rearrange * the top-level atoms by shifting the moov atom from the back of the file * to the front, and patch the chunk offsets along the way. This utility * presently only operates on uncompressed moov atoms. */#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <inttypes.h>#define BE_16(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 8) | ((uint8_t*)(x))[1])#define BE_32(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 24) | \                  (((uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) | \                  (((uint8_t*)(x))[2] << 8) | \                   ((uint8_t*)(x))[3])#define BE_64(x) (((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 56) | \                  ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) << 48) | \                  ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[2]) << 40) | \                  ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) << 32) | \                  ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[4]) << 24) | \                  ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[5]) << 16) | \                  ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[6]) << 8) | \                  ((uint64_t)((uint8_t*)(x))[7]))#define BE_FOURCC( ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3 )             \        ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch3) |          \        ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch2) << 8 ) |   \        ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch1) << 16 ) |  \        ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch0) << 24 ) )#define QT_ATOM BE_FOURCC/* top level atoms */#define FREE_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 'r', 'e', 'e')#define JUNK_ATOM QT_ATOM('j', 'u', 'n', 'k')#define MDAT_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'd', 'a', 't')#define MOOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'o', 'o', 'v')#define PNOT_ATOM QT_ATOM('p', 'n', 'o', 't')#define SKIP_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 'k', 'i', 'p')#define WIDE_ATOM QT_ATOM('w', 'i', 'd', 'e')#define PICT_ATOM QT_ATOM('P', 'I', 'C', 'T')#define FTYP_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 't', 'y', 'p')#define CMOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'm', 'o', 'v')#define STCO_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 't', 'c', 'o')#define CO64_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'o', '6', '4')#define ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE 8#define COPY_BUFFER_SIZE 1024int main(int argc, char *argv[]){    FILE *infile;    FILE *outfile;    unsigned char atom_bytes[ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE];    uint32_t atom_type = 0;    uint64_t atom_size;    uint64_t last_offset;    unsigned char *moov_atom;    uint64_t moov_atom_size;    uint64_t i, j;    uint32_t offset_count;    uint64_t current_offset;    unsigned char copy_buffer[COPY_BUFFER_SIZE];    int bytes_to_copy;    if (argc != 3) {        printf ("Usage: qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>\n");        return 0;    }    infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");    if (!infile) {        perror(argv[1]);        return 1;    }    /* traverse through the atoms in the file to make sure that 'moov' is     * at the end */    while (!feof(infile)) {        if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) {            break;        }        atom_size = BE_32(&atom_bytes[0]);        atom_type = BE_32(&atom_bytes[4]);        if ((atom_type != FREE_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != JUNK_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != MDAT_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != PNOT_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != SKIP_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != WIDE_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != PICT_ATOM) &&            (atom_type != FTYP_ATOM)) {            printf ("encountered non-QT top-level atom (is this a Quicktime file?)\n");            break;        }        /* 64-bit special case */        if (atom_size == 1) {            if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) {                break;            }            atom_size = BE_64(&atom_bytes[0]);            fseek(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE * 2, SEEK_CUR);        } else {            fseek(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR);        }    }    if (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) {        printf ("last atom in file was not a moov atom\n");        fclose(infile);        return 0;    }    /* moov atom was, in fact, the last atom in the chunk; load the whole     * moov atom */    fseek(infile, -atom_size, SEEK_END);    last_offset = (uint64_t)ftell(infile);    moov_atom_size = atom_size;    moov_atom = malloc(moov_atom_size);    if (!moov_atom) {        printf ("could not allocate 0x%llX byte for moov atom\n",            atom_size);        fclose(infile);        return 1;    }    if (fread(moov_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) {        perror(argv[1]);        free(moov_atom);        fclose(infile);        return 1;    }    /* this utility does not support compressed atoms yet, so disqualify     * files with compressed QT atoms */    if (BE_32(&moov_atom[12]) == CMOV_ATOM) {        printf ("this utility does not support compressed moov atoms yet\n");        free(moov_atom);        fclose(infile);        return 1;    }    /* close; will be re-opened later */    fclose(infile);    /* crawl through the moov chunk in search of stco or co64 atoms */    for (i = 4; i < moov_atom_size - 4; i++) {        atom_type = BE_32(&moov_atom[i]);        if (atom_type == STCO_ATOM) {            printf (" patching stco atom...\n");            atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]);            if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) {                printf (" bad atom size\n");                free(moov_atom);                return 1;            }            offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]);            for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) {                current_offset = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4]);                current_offset += moov_atom_size;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 0] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 1] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 2] = (current_offset >>  8) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 3] = (current_offset >>  0) & 0xFF;            }            i += atom_size - 4;        } else if (atom_type == CO64_ATOM) {            printf (" patching co64 atom...\n");            atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]);            if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) {                printf (" bad atom size\n");                free(moov_atom);                return 1;            }            offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]);            for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) {                current_offset = BE_64(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8]);                current_offset += moov_atom_size;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 0] = (current_offset >> 56) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 1] = (current_offset >> 48) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 2] = (current_offset >> 40) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 3] = (current_offset >> 32) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 4] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 5] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 6] = (current_offset >>  8) & 0xFF;                moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 7] = (current_offset >>  0) & 0xFF;            }            i += atom_size - 4;        }    }    /* re-open the input file and open the output file */    infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");    if (!infile) {        perror(argv[1]);        free(moov_atom);        return 1;    }    outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb");    if (!outfile) {        perror(argv[2]);        fclose(outfile);        free(moov_atom);        return 1;    }    /* dump the new moov atom */    printf (" writing moov aton...\n");    if (fwrite(moov_atom, moov_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) {        perror(argv[2]);        goto error_out;    }    /* copy the remainder of the infile, from offset 0 -> last_offset - 1 */    printf (" copying rest of file...\n");    while (last_offset) {        if (last_offset > COPY_BUFFER_SIZE)            bytes_to_copy = COPY_BUFFER_SIZE;        else            bytes_to_copy = last_offset;        if (fread(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, infile) != 1) {            perror(argv[1]);            goto error_out;        }        if (fwrite(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, outfile) != 1) {            perror(argv[2]);            goto error_out;        }        last_offset -= bytes_to_copy;    }    fclose(infile);    fclose(outfile);    free(moov_atom);    return 0;error_out:    fclose(infile);    fclose(outfile);    free(moov_atom);    return 1;}