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<P>函數(shù)名: labs
<BR>功 能: 取長(zhǎng)整型絕對(duì)值
<BR>用 法: long labs(long n);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <math.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> long result;
<BR> long x = -12345678L;
<P> result= labs(x);
<BR> printf("number: %ld abs value: %ld\n",
<BR> x, result);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: ldexp
<BR>功 能: 計(jì)算value*2的冪
<BR>用 法: double ldexp(double value, int exp);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <math.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> double value;
<BR> double x = 2;
<P> /* ldexp raises 2 by a power of 3
<BR> then multiplies the result by 2
*/
<BR> value = ldexp(x,3);
<BR> printf("The ldexp value is: %lf\n",
<BR> value);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: ldiv
<BR>功 能: 兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)整型數(shù)相除, 返回商和余數(shù)
<BR>用 法: ldiv_t ldiv(long lnumer, long ldenom);
<BR>程序例:
<P>/* ldiv example */
<P>#include <stdlib.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> ldiv_t lx;
<P> lx = ldiv(100000L, 30000L);
<BR> printf("100000 div 30000 = %ld remainder %ld\n", lx.quot,
lx.rem);
<BR> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: lfind
<BR>功 能: 執(zhí)行線性搜索
<BR>用 法: void *lfind(void *key, void *base, int *nelem, int width,
<BR> int (*fcmp)());
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <stdlib.h>
<P>int compare(int *x, int *y)
<BR>{
<BR> return( *x - *y );
<BR>}
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> int array[5] = {35, 87, 46, 99, 12};
<BR> size_t nelem = 5;
<BR> int key;
<BR> int *result;
<P> key = 99;
<BR> result = lfind(&key, array, &nelem,
<BR> sizeof(int), (int(*)(const
void *,const void *))compare);
<BR> if (result)
<BR> printf("Number %d found\n",key);
<BR> else
<BR> printf("Number %d not found\n",key);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: line
<BR>功 能: 在指定兩點(diǎn)間畫(huà)一直線
<BR>用 法: void far line(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <graphics.h>
<BR>#include <stdlib.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <conio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> /* request auto detection */
<BR> int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
<BR> int xmax, ymax;
<P> /* initialize graphics and local variables */
<BR> initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
<P> /* read result of initialization */
<BR> errorcode = graphresult();
<BR> /* an error occurred */
<BR> if (errorcode != grOk)
<BR> {
<BR> printf("Graphics error: %s\n",
<BR>
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
<BR> printf("Press any key to halt:");
<BR> getch();
<BR> exit(1);
<BR> }
<P> setcolor(getmaxcolor());
<BR> xmax = getmaxx();
<BR> ymax = getmaxy();
<P> /* draw a diagonal line */
<BR> line(0, 0, xmax, ymax);
<P> /* clean up */
<BR> getch();
<BR> closegraph();
<BR> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: linerel
<BR>功 能: 從當(dāng)前位置點(diǎn)(CP)到與CP有一給定相對(duì)距離的點(diǎn)畫(huà)一直線
<BR>用 法: void far linerel(int dx, int dy);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <graphics.h>
<BR>#include <stdlib.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <conio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> /* request auto detection */
<BR> int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
<BR> char msg[80];
<P> /* initialize graphics and local variables */
<BR> initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
<P> /* read result of initialization */
<BR> errorcode = graphresult();
<BR> if (errorcode != grOk)
<BR> {
<BR> printf("Graphics error: %s\n",
<BR> grapherrormsg(errorcode));
<BR> printf("Press any key to halt:");
<BR> getch();
<BR> exit(1);
<BR> }
<P> /* move the C.P. to location (20, 30) */
<BR> moveto(20, 30);
<P> /* create and output a
<BR> message at (20, 30) */
<BR> sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
<BR> outtextxy(20, 30, msg);
<P> /* draw a line to a point a relative
<BR> distance away from the current
<BR> value of C.P. */
<BR> linerel(100, 100);
<P> /* create and output a message at C.P. */
<BR> sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
<BR> outtext(msg);
<P> /* clean up */
<BR> getch();
<BR> closegraph();
<BR> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: localtime
<BR>功 能: 把日期和時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)
<BR>用 法: struct tm *localtime(long *clock);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <time.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <dos.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> time_t timer;
<BR> struct tm *tblock;
<P> /* gets time of day */
<BR> timer = time(NULL);
<P> /* converts date/time to a structure */
<BR> tblock = localtime(&timer);
<P> printf("Local time is: %s", asctime(tblock));
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: lock
<BR>功 能: 設(shè)置文件共享鎖
<BR>用 法: int lock(int handle, long offset, long length);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <io.h>
<BR>#include <fcntl.h>
<BR>#include <sys\stat.h>
<BR>#include <process.h>
<BR>#include <share.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> int handle, status;
<BR> long length;
<P> /* Must have DOS Share.exe loaded for */
<BR> /* file locking to function properly */
<P> handle = sopen("c:\\autoexec.bat",
<BR> O_RDONLY,SH_DENYNO,S_IREAD);
<P> if (handle < 0)
<BR> {
<BR> printf("sopen failed\n");
<BR> exit(1);
<BR> }
<P> length = filelength(handle);
<BR> status = lock(handle,0L,length/2);
<P> if (status == 0)
<BR> printf("lock succeeded\n");
<BR> else
<BR> printf("lock failed\n");
<P> status = unlock(handle,0L,length/2);
<P> if (status == 0)
<BR> printf("unlock succeeded\n");
<BR> else
<BR> printf("unlock failed\n");
<P> close(handle);
<BR> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: log
<BR>功 能: 對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)ln(x)
<BR>用 法: double log(double x);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <math.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> double result;
<BR> double x = 8.6872;
<P> result = log(x);
<BR> printf("The natural log of %lf is %lf\n", x, result);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: log10
<BR>功 能: 對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)log
<BR>用 法: double log10(double x);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <math.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> double result;
<BR> double x = 800.6872;
<P> result = log10(x);
<BR> printf("The common log of %lf is %lf\n", x, result);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: longjump
<BR>功 能: 執(zhí)行非局部轉(zhuǎn)移
<BR>用 法: void longjump(jmp_buf env, int val);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <setjmp.h>
<BR>#include <stdlib.h>
<P>void subroutine(jmp_buf);
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<P> int value;
<BR> jmp_buf jumper;
<P> value = setjmp(jumper);
<BR> if (value != 0)
<BR> {
<BR> printf("Longjmp with value %d\n", value);
<BR> exit(value);
<BR> }
<BR> printf("About to call subroutine ... \n");
<BR> subroutine(jumper);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<P>void subroutine(jmp_buf jumper)
<BR>{
<BR> longjmp(jumper,1);
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: lowvideo
<BR>功 能: 選擇低亮度字符
<BR>用 法: void lowvideo(void);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <conio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> clrscr();
<P> highvideo();
<BR> cprintf("High Intesity Text\r\n");
<BR> lowvideo();
<BR> gotoxy(1,2);
<BR> cprintf("Low Intensity Text\r\n");
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: lrotl, _lrotl
<BR>功 能: 將無(wú)符號(hào)長(zhǎng)整型數(shù)向左循環(huán)移位
<BR>用 法: unsigned long lrotl(unsigned long lvalue, int count);
<BR> unsigned long _lrotl(unsigned long lvalue, int count);
<BR>程序例:
<P>/* lrotl example */
<BR>#include <stdlib.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> unsigned long result;
<BR> unsigned long value = 100;
<P> result = _lrotl(value,1);
<BR> printf("The value %lu rotated left one bit is: %lu\n",
value, result);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: lsearch
<BR>功 能: 線性搜索
<BR>用 法: void *lsearch(const void *key, void *base, size_t *nelem,
<BR> size_t width, int (*fcmp)(const
void *, const void *));
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <stdlib.h>
<P>int compare(int *x, int *y)
<BR>{
<BR> return( *x - *y );
<BR>}
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> int array[5] = {35, 87, 46, 99, 12};
<BR> size_t nelem = 5;
<BR> int key;
<BR> int *result;
<P> key = 99;
<BR> result = lfind(&key, array, &nelem,
<BR>
sizeof(int), (int(*)(const void *,const void *))compare);
<BR> if (result)
<BR> printf("Number %d found\n",key);
<BR> else
<BR> printf("Number %d not found\n",key);
<P> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>函數(shù)名: lseek
<BR>功 能: 移動(dòng)文件讀/寫指針
<BR>用 法: long lseek(int handle, long offset, int fromwhere);
<BR>程序例:
<P>#include <sys\stat.h>
<BR>#include <string.h>
<BR>#include <stdio.h>
<BR>#include <fcntl.h>
<BR>#include <io.h>
<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR> int handle;
<BR> char msg[] = "This is a test";
<BR> char ch;
<P> /* create a file */
<BR> handle = open("TEST.$$$", O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IREAD |
S_IWRITE);
<P> /* write some data to the file */
<BR> write(handle, msg, strlen(msg));
<P> /* seek to the begining of the file */
<BR> lseek(handle, 0L, SEEK_SET);
<P> /* reads chars from the file until we hit EOF */
<BR> do
<BR> {
<BR> read(handle, &ch, 1);
<BR> printf("%c", ch);
<BR> } while (!eof(handle));
<P> close(handle);
<BR> return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>
<P>
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