/* The following code example is taken from the book * "C++ Templates - The Complete Guide" * by David Vandevoorde and Nicolai M. Josuttis, Addison-Wesley, 2002 * * (C) Copyright David Vandevoorde and Nicolai M. Josuttis 2002. * Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this software * is granted provided this copyright notice appears in all copies. * This software is provided "as is" without express or implied * warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose. */#ifndef TYPEOP_HPP#define TYPEOP_HPP// primary template/********************************** * typeop1.hpp: **********************************/template <typename T>class TypeOp {            // primary template  public:    typedef T         ArgT;    typedef T         BareT;    typedef T const   ConstT;    typedef T &       RefT;    typedef T &       RefBareT;    typedef T const & RefConstT;};/**** end of typeop1.hpp ****/// partial specialization for const/********************************** * typeop2.hpp: **********************************/template <typename T>class TypeOp <T const> {  // partial specialization for const types  public:    typedef T const   ArgT;    typedef T         BareT;    typedef T const   ConstT;    typedef T const & RefT;    typedef T &       RefBareT;    typedef T const & RefConstT;};/**** end of typeop2.hpp ****/// partial specialization for references/********************************** * typeop3.hpp: **********************************/template <typename T>class TypeOp <T&> {       // partial specialization for references  public:    typedef T &                         ArgT;    typedef typename TypeOp<T>::BareT   BareT;    typedef T const                     ConstT;    typedef T &                         RefT;    typedef typename TypeOp<T>::BareT & RefBareT;    typedef T const &                   RefConstT;};/**** end of typeop3.hpp ****/// full specialization for void/********************************** * typeop4.hpp: **********************************/template<>class TypeOp <void> {     // full specialization for void  public:    typedef void       ArgT;    typedef void       BareT;    typedef void const ConstT;    typedef void       RefT;    typedef void       RefBareT;    typedef void       RefConstT;};/**** end of typeop4.hpp ****/#endif // TYPEOP_HPP