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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><HTML><HEAD><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="SGML-Tools 1.0.7"> <TITLE>PPP HOWTO 中譯版: 設定 PPP 連接檔案</TITLE> <LINK HREF="PPP-HOWTO-13.html" REL=next> <LINK HREF="PPP-HOWTO-11.html" REL=previous> <LINK HREF="PPP-HOWTO.html#toc12" REL=contents></HEAD><BODY><A HREF="PPP-HOWTO-13.html">Next</A><A HREF="PPP-HOWTO-11.html">Previous</A><A HREF="PPP-HOWTO.html#toc12">Contents</A><HR><H2><A NAME="options"></A> <A NAME="s12">12. 設定 PPP 連接檔案</A></H2><P>你必須以 <B>root</B> 身份簽入來建立這些目錄并且編輯這些設立 PPP 連線所需的檔案，即使你想讓所有的使用者都能使用 PPP．<P><P>PPP 使用幾個檔案來建立并設定 PPP 連結．這些檔案在 PPP 2.1.2 與 2.2 中的名稱與位置都不同．<P><P>在 PPP 2.1.2 中這些檔案是:-<HR><PRE>/usr/sbin/pppd # PPP 執行檔/usr/sbin/ppp-on # 撥號/連線指令稿/usr/sbin/ppp-off # 斷線指令稿/etc/ppp/options # 所有連線所使用的選項/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX # 給某一特定通訊埠使用的選項</PRE><HR><P><P>在 PPP 2.2 中這些檔案是:-<HR><PRE>/usr/sbin/pppd # PPP 執行檔/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on # 撥號/連線指令稿/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on-dialer # 撥號的 chat 指令稿部份/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-off # 斷線指令稿/etc/ppp/options # 所有連線所使用的選項/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX # 給某一特定通訊埠使用的選項</PRE><HR><P><P><P>Red Hat Linux 的使用者應注意標準的 Red Hat 4.X 安裝將這些指令稿放在 <CODE>/usr/doc/ppp-2.2.0f-2/scripts</CODE>．<P><P>在你的 <CODE>/etc</CODE> 目錄里應該要有個目錄:<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE><PRE>drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 1024 Oct 9 11:01 ppp</PRE></CODE></BLOCKQUOTE><P><P>如果它不存在的話 － 以這樣的權限建立它．<P><P>如果這個目錄已經存在，它應該會包含一個稱為 <B>options.tpl</B> 的選項檔案樣板．這個檔案包括在下面．<P><P>因為它包含所有 PPP 選項的解釋所以請你把它印出來（配合 pppd 的線上使用手冊來閱讀將會是很有用的）．雖然你可以使用這個檔案作為 <CODE>/etc/ppp/options</CODE> 檔案的基礎，但是建立你自己的，沒有包含所有在這個樣板里的指令的選項檔案可能會更好 － 它會短得多而且比較容易閱讀／維護．<P><P>如果你有多個串列線路／數據機（典型的例子是 PPP 伺服器），那麼建立一個一般化的 <CODE>/etc/ppp/options</CODE> 檔案，其中包含每個你提供支援撥入的串列埠所使用的共同選項并且為每一個需要個別設定以建立 PPP 連線的串列線路設立個別的選項檔案．<P><P>這些檔案名為 <CODE>options.ttyx1</CODE>, <CODE>options.ttyx2</CODE> 依此類推（其中 <CODE>x</CODE> 是你串列埠的適當代碼）．<P><P>然而，對於單一 PPP 連線，你可以直接使用 <CODE>/etc/ppp/options</CODE> 這個檔案．另外一種辦法，你可以把所有的選項放進 pppd 指令作為參數．<P><P>使用 <CODE>/etc/ppp/options.ttySx</CODE> 檔案的設定方式會比較容易加以維護．如果你使用 PPP 來連線到好幾個不同的節點去的話，那麼你就可以在 <CODE>/etc/ppp/options.site</CODE> 里面為每個節點建立選項檔案然後在你連線時指定選項檔案作為 PPP 指令的參數．(使用 <CODE>file option-file</CODE> 參數於 pppd 的指令列)．<P><H2><A NAME="ss12.1">12.1 替代的 options.tpl 檔案</A></H2><P>某些個 PPP 的發行套件似乎漏失了 options.tpl 這個檔案，所以在這里有個完整的檔案．我建議你不要直接編輯這個檔案來建立你自己的 <CODE>/etc/ppp/options</CODE>．把它拷貝到一個新的檔案然後編輯該檔案比較好．如果你弄亂了你編輯的檔案，你可以回頭從原始檔案再度開始．<P><HR><PRE># /etc/ppp/options -*- sh -*- general options for pppd# created 13-Jul-1995 jmk# autodate: 01-Aug-1995# autotime: 19:45# Use the executable or shell command specified to set up the serial# line. This script would typically use the "chat" program to dial the# modem and start the remote ppp session.#connect "echo You need to install a connect command."# Run the executable or shell command specified after pppd has# terminated the link. This script could, for example, issue commands# to the modem to cause it to hang up if hardware modem control signals# were not available.#disconnect "chat -- \d+++\d\c OK ath0 OK"# async character map -- 32-bit hex; each bit is a character# that needs to be escaped for pppd to receive it. 0x00000001# represents '\x01', and 0x80000000 represents '\x1f'.#asyncmap 0# Require the peer to authenticate itself before allowing network# packets to be sent or received.#auth# Use hardware flow control (i.e. RTS/CTS) to control the flow of data# on the serial port.#crtscts# Use software flow control (i.e. XON/XOFF) to control the flow of data# on the serial port.#xonxoff# Add a default route to the system routing tables, using the peer as# the gateway, when IPCP negotiation is successfully completed. This# entry is removed when the PPP connection is broken.#defaultroute# Specifies that certain characters should be escaped on transmission# (regardless of whether the peer requests them to be escaped with its# async control character map). The characters to be escaped are# specified as a list of hex numbers separated by commas. Note that# almost any character can be specified for the escape option, unlike# the asyncmap option which only allows control characters to be# specified. The characters which may not be escaped are those with hex# values 0x20 - 0x3f or 0x5e.#escape 11,13,ff# Don't use the modem control lines.#local# Specifies that pppd should use a UUCP-style lock on the serial device# to ensure exclusive access to the device.#lock# Use the modem control lines. On Ultrix, this option implies hardware# flow control, as for the crtscts option. (This option is not fully# implemented.)#modem# Set the MRU [Maximum Receive Unit] value to <n> for negotiation. pppd# will ask the peer to send packets of no more than <n> bytes. The# minimum MRU value is 128. The default MRU value is 1500. A value of# 296 is recommended for slow links (40 bytes for TCP/IP header + 256# bytes of data).#mru 542# Set the interface netmask to <n>, a 32 bit netmask in "decimal dot"# notation (e.g. 255.255.255.0).#netmask 255.255.255.0# Disables the default behaviour when no local IP address is specified,# which is to determine (if possible) the local IP address from the# hostname. With this option, the peer will have to supply the local IP# address during IPCP negotiation (unless it specified explicitly on the# command line or in an options file).#noipdefault# Enables the "passive" option in the LCP. With this option, pppd will# attempt to initiate a connection; if no reply is received from the# peer, pppd will then just wait passively for a valid LCP packet from# the peer (instead of exiting, as it does without this option).#passive# With this option, pppd will not transmit LCP packets to initiate a# connection until a valid LCP packet is received from the peer (as for# the "passive" option with old versions of pppd).#silent# Don't request or allow negotiation of any options for LCP and IPCP# (use default values).#-all# Disable Address/Control compression negotiation (use default, i.e.# address/control field disabled).#-ac# Disable asyncmap negotiation (use the default asyncmap, i.e. escape# all control characters).#-am# Don't fork to become a background process (otherwise pppd will do so# if a serial device is specified).#-detach# Disable IP address negotiation (with this option, the remote IP# address must be specified with an option on the command line or in an# options file).#-ip# Disable magic number negotiation. With this option, pppd cannot# detect a looped-back line.#-mn# Disable MRU [Maximum Receive Unit] negotiation (use default, i.e.# 1500).#-mru# Disable protocol field compression negotiation (use default, i.e.# protocol field compression disabled).#-pc# Require the peer to authenticate itself using PAP.?? 快捷鍵說明
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