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<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
<P>
<UL>
<UL>
<UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E142" >Introduction to XFree86 and X11</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E143" >The XFree86 Project, Incorporated</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E144" >Installing XFree86</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E145" >Setting Up Your XFree86 System</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E146" >Running X</A>
<UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E69E274" >Stopping X</A></UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E147" >X Applications Packages</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E148" >Compiling Programs That Use X</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E149" >Finding Information on X and XFree86 on the Net</A>
<UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E69E275" >Newsgroups</A></UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E150" >Some Common Problems</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E151" >Supported Hardware</A>
<LI>
<A HREF="#E68E152" >Summary</A></UL></UL></UL>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
<A NAME="E66E21"></A>
<H1 ALIGN=CENTER>
<CENTER>
<FONT SIZE=6 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>21</B></FONT></CENTER></H1>
<BR>
<A NAME="E67E21"></A>
<H2 ALIGN=CENTER>
<CENTER>
<FONT SIZE=6 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Installing X Window on Linux</B></FONT></CENTER></H2>
<BR>
<P>This chapter details the way to install X Window system for Linux. This version of X Window for Linux, called XFree86 Version 3.1.2, is an enhanced version of the X Window System Version 11 Release 6 with support for many versions of UNIX, including
Linux. XFree86 supports considerably more hardware than the video hardware supported by the MIT standard release of X Window.
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
<BR>
<NOTE>Please read this entire chapter before starting XFree86. If you are not careful, you could damage your hardware. Most important:
<BR>XFree86 comes without a warranty of any kind. If you damage anything, even after reading these instructions, you are on your own.</NOTE>
<BR>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
</BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>Please note that even though I try to cover all the bases for installing X11 on your Linux system, I cannot cover all the hardware out there for PCs. In other words, this whole chapter is moot if you happen to have that one video card this version of
XFree86 on Linux will smoke! So read all the items here carefully and see how they apply to your hardware. You could also check <A HREF="rhl02.htm" tppabs="http://202.113.16.101/%7eeb%7e/Red%20Hat%20Linux%20Unleashed/rhl02.htm">Chapter 2</A>, "Types of Linux Available," for the listing of the hardware supported by this
version of Linux. Check the HOWTO files for Hardware and Xfree86 for more up-to-date information.
<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
<BR>
<NOTE>You can use the terms X, XFree86, X11, and X Window interchangeably, if you do not care about legal issues. Actually, however, XFree86 refers to the product of The XFree86 Project, Inc.</NOTE>
<BR>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
</BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
<BR>
<NOTE>You can also look at the installation documentation files and other manuals that come with XFree86 in your /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/etc directory. The main directory path is /usr/X11R6 for access to this tree, so that we are compatible with UNIX
installations of X11R6.
<BR>To read these documents, you need a working man program, as well as the groff package for formatting documents. Note that groff is required often to read man pages, so you should install the groff package, even though some distributions regard the
groff package as optional.</NOTE>
<BR>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER>
</BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>This chapter covers the following:
<BR>
<UL>
<LI>How to install X Window on Linux
<BR>
<BR>
<LI>A brief introduction to XFree86
<BR>
<BR>
<LI>Working with XF86Config and the XConfig file
<BR>
<BR>
<LI>Running X Window system
<BR>
<BR>
<LI>Introduction to X applications packages and compiling programs that use X
<BR>
<BR>
</UL>
<P>I also cover ways of finding information on X and XFree86 on the Internet and the ways to upgrade in the future. I discuss some of the problems you might have during installation, in addition to a list of the supported hardware.
<BR>
<BR>
<A NAME="E68E142"></A>
<H3 ALIGN=CENTER>
<CENTER>
<FONT SIZE=5 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Introduction to XFree86 and X11</B></FONT></CENTER></H3>
<BR>
<P>X11 is a windowing system for UNIX clone operating systems. The X Window System with source code was issued by the MIT Consortium along with a set of original copyright notices. The X11 release on which XFree86.3.1.2 (or greater) is based is X11 Release
6.
<BR>
<P>The MIT Consortium's work is continued by the X Consortium, which just released an updated X called X11R6. Most commercial releases of Linux already include X11R6.
<BR>
<P>Some XFree86 servers are partly derived from X386 1.2, which was the X server distributed with X11R5. However, many servers have been developed in the past few years. Although the source and installation trees retain the X386 name—simplifying
maintenance of the source trees—there is no connection between XFree86 and the commercial X386 product sold by SGCS. The XFree86 Project maintains technical contacts in an effort to keep changes that affect the user from diverging too radically from
the workings of the products. Neither group is involved directly in the workings of the other.
<BR>
<BR>
<A NAME="E68E143"></A>
<H3 ALIGN=CENTER>
<CENTER>
<FONT SIZE=5 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>The XFree86 Project, Incorporated</B></FONT></CENTER></H3>
<BR>
<P>In the past, the XFree86 development team had several problems because it was not a legal organization, which made it impossible to become a member of the X Consortium, Inc. Not being a member was detrimental because new releases are provided only for
members by the X Consortium before the official release date. This reason, along with several others, led to the founding of The XFree86 Project, Inc.
<BR>
<BR>
<A NAME="E68E144"></A>
<H3 ALIGN=CENTER>
<CENTER>
<FONT SIZE=5 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Installing XFree86</B></FONT></CENTER></H3>
<BR>
<P>Xfree86 can be installed from the Red Hat CD-ROM using the RPM tool. The release is located in the /RedHat/SRPMS directory and is approximately 35MB. Installation from the CD-ROM or a hard drive is the only practical approach.
<BR>
<P>If you are downloading XFree from the Internet, the major files needed are listed in Table 21.1.
<BR>
<BR>
<P ALIGN=CENTER>
<CENTER>
<FONT COLOR="#000080"><B>Table 21.1. Some distribution files for XFree86 available for FTP.</B></FONT></CENTER>
<BR>
<TABLE BORDERCOLOR=#000040 BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=2 WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING=2 >
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
<I>Filename</I>
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
<I>Description</I></FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X3128514.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for 8514-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312AGX.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for AGX-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312Ma32.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for Mach32-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312Ma8.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for Mach8-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312Mono.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for monochrome video modes.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312P9K.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for P9000-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312S3.tar.gz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for S3-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312SVGA.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for Super VGA-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312VGA.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for VGA/EGA-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312W32.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server for ET4000/W32-based boards.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312bin.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
The rest of the X11R6 binaries.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312cfg.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Config files for xdm, xinit, and fs.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312doc.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Documentation and manpages.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312inc.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Include files.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312lib.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Shared X libraries and support files.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312fnt.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Basic fonts.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312ctrb.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Selected contrib programs.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312xtra.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Extra XFree86 servers and binaries.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312lkit.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
Server linkkit for customization.</FONT>
<TR>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
X312fnt75.tgz
</FONT>
<TD VALIGN=top BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>
75-dpi screen fonts.</FONT>
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