;; ######################################################################## ;; Macros;; ########################################################################; descriptor type, base, limit, p_dpl_s, g_db_a%macro descriptor 5 	dw (%3 & 0xFFFF)       			; Limit 0-15	dw (%2 & 0xFFFF) 			; Base  0-15	db ((%2 & 0xFF0000) >> 16)		; Base  16-23	db ((%4 & 0xF) << 4) | (%1 & 0xF )	; p_dpl_s_type  	db (%5 << 4) | ((%3 & 0xF0000) >> 16) 	; g_db_a limit 19:16	db ((%2 & 0xFF000000) >> 24)    	; Base  24-31	%endmacro; cdesc32 base, limit, dpl%macro cdesc32 3       descriptor 0xB, %1, %2, 0x9 | (%3 & 0x3) << 1, 0xD%endmacro	; ddesc32 base, limit, dpl%macro ddesc32 3       descriptor 0x3, %1, %2, 0x9 | (%3 & 0x3) << 1, 0xD%endmacro; gates type, offset, selector, p_dpl_s%macro gates 4 	dw %2 		      			; Offset 0-15	dw (%3 & 0xFFFF) 			; Selector 0-15	db 0					; Reserved	db ((%4 & 0xF) << 4) | (%1 & 0xF) 	; p_dpl_s_type  	dw 0					; Offset 16-31%endmacro	%macro idesc32 3       gates 0xE, %1, %2, 0x8 | ((%3 & 0x3) << 1)%endmacro		;; ######################################################################## ;; Code Section;; ########################################################################SECTION CODE ABSOLUTE=0x00400000 FLAT USE32test_code:		;; Your Code Goes Here	hlt			 		;; ######################################################################## ;; Setup Section;; ########################################################################SECTION SETUP ALIGN=16 FLAT USE16setup:		mov edx, cr0        or  dl,  0x21		; Protect Mode On, Int 16 for FPU	and edx, 0x9FFFFFFF     ; Turn Caches on	mov cr0, edx	xor edx, edx		; Enable Var MTRRs	mov eax, 0x0806		; WriteBack	mov ecx, 0x2FF			wrmsr	lgdt [pgdt]		; Set GDT	lidt [pidt]		; Set IDT		jmp 0x8:protect_mode	protect_mode:		        BITS 32	mov esp, 0x01000000	; Get some stack space	mov ax,  0x0010		; Set data selectors	mov ss, ax	mov ds, ax	mov es, ax	mov fs, ax	mov gs, ax	jmp test_code		; Jmp to test code		;; ######################################################################## ;; Protect Mode IDT ;; ########################################################################	 SECTION IDTP ALIGN=16 FLAT USE32	;; cdesc32 base, limit, dplgdt0:	dq 0.0				; 0x0000 - Null descriptor     	cdesc32 0x00000000, 0xFFFFF, 0	; 0x0008 - Code Selector      	ddesc32 0x00000000, 0xFFFFF, 0	; 0x0010 - Data Selector     	cdesc32 0x00000000, 0xFFFFF, 3  ; 0x0018 - Code Select Ring 3      	ddesc32 0x00000000, 0xFFFFF, 3	; 0x0020 - Data Select Ring 3		;; idesc32 offset, selector, dplidt0:	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x00,  0   #DE, Divide Error	     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x01,  1   #DB, Debug Fault     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x02,  2,  ---, NMI     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x03,  3,  #BP, Breakpoint     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x04,  4,  #OF, INTO detected Overflow     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0	        ; 0x05,  5,  #BR, Bound Range Exceeded     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x06,  6,  #UD, Invalid Opcode     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x07,  7,  #NM, Device Not Available     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x08,  8,  #DF, Double Fault     	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x09   9,  ---, Coprocessor Segment Overrun      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x0A,  10, #TS, Invalid TSS       	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x0B,  11, #NP, Segment Not Present      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x0C,  12, #SS, Stack Fault      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0	        ; 0x0D,  13, #GP, General Protection Fault      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x0E,  14, #PF, Page Fault      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x0F,  15, ---, Reserved      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x10,  16, #MF, Floating Point Fault      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x11,  17, #AC, Alignment Check      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x12   18, #MC, Machine Check      	idesc32 isrP, 0x0008, 0		; 0x13,  19, #XF, SSE Faultpgdt:   dw 6 * 8			; Limit 	dd gdt0			        ; base	pidt:   dw 20 * 8			; Limit 	dd idt0			        ; baseisrP:	mov eax, 0xDEADBEEF ; Default Real Mode Interrupt Handler 	out 0x80, eax	hlt			;; ######################################################################## ;; Real Mode IDT ;; ########################################################################	SECTION IDTR ABSOLUTE=0x00000000 FLAT USE16 	;; FORMAT IP:CS 	dw isrR, 0			; 0x00,  0   #DE, Divide Error		dw isrR, 0			; 0x01,  1   #DB, Debug Fault	dw isrR, 0			; 0x02,  2,  ---, NMI	dw isrR, 0			; 0x03,  3,  #BP, Breakpoint	dw isrR, 0			; 0x04,  4,  #OF, INTO detected Overflow	dw isrR, 0			; 0x05,  5,  #BR, Bound Range Exceeded	dw isrR, 0			; 0x06,  6,  #UD, Invalid Opcode	dw isrR, 0			; 0x07,  7,  #NM, Device Not Available	dw isrR, 0			; 0x08,  8,  #DF, Double Fault	dw isrR, 0			; 0x09   9,  ---, Coprocessor Segment Overrun	dw isrR, 0			; 0x0A,  10, #TS, Invalid TSS 	dw isrR, 0			; 0x0B,  11, #NP, Segment Not Present	dw isrR, 0			; 0x0C,  12, #SS, Stack Fault	dw isrR, 0			; 0x0D,  13, #GP, General Protection Fault	dw isrR, 0			; 0x0E,  14, #PF, Page Fault	dw isrR, 0			; 0x0F,  15, ---, Reserved	dw isrR, 0			; 0x10,  16, #MF, Floating Point Fault	dw isrR, 0			; 0x11,  17, #AC, Alignment Check	dw isrR, 0			; 0x12   18, #MC, Machine Check	dw isrR, 0			; 0x13,  19, #XF, SSE FaultisrR:	mov eax, 0xDEADBEEF ; Default Real Mode Interrupt Handler 	out 0x80, eax	hlt	;; ######################################################################## ;; SMM Handler;; ########################################################################SECTION SMM ABSOLUTE=0x00038000 USE16		rsm	;; ######################################################################## ;; Reset Vector;; ########################################################################SECTION RESET ABSOLUTE=0xFFFFFFF0 USE16		jmp far setup