/* tailD.c
 *		ATmega8 taillight circuit
 *
 * Last edited:	14-7-2004
 * Purpose:	A more complex C program that implements different
 *          flashing patterns under the control of both the push
 *          buttons and potentiometer. Use your imagination to
 *          come up with some novel ideas here. Remember however
 *          that more marks are to be awarded for the quality of
 *          the code than for the novelness of the patterns.
 */
 
#include <avr/io.h>

int main(void)
{
   // LS LED set to on initially (0 = LED off)
   unsigned char pattern = 0x00;
   unsigned char pattern1 = 0x01;
   unsigned char pattern2 = 0x80;
   
   unsigned int side = 0;   //From left to right is 0
   unsigned int switchNo = 1;
   unsigned int switchPrevious = 1;
   unsigned char S1 = 1;
   unsigned char S1Previous;
   float S1PressTime = 0;//Counting the time for pressing S1
   unsigned char S2 = 1;
   unsigned char S2Previous;

   // ADC configuration:
   ADMUX = (1 << REFS0) | (1 << ADLAR);
   // Vcc is reference, left adjusted value, input from PC0.
   ADCSRA = (1 << ADEN) | 0x07;
   // Enable the ADC, prescaler factor = 128.

   TCCR1A = 0; 	// Timer 1 control registers set for:
   TCCR1B = 0x0C;// prescaler = /256,mode = CTC using OCR1A.
				
   DDRD = 0xFF;	// All Port D pins configured for output

   while (1)   // Loop forever
   {
	  // Start a conversion 
	  ADCSRA |= (1 << ADSC);
      // Read the 8-bit left adjusted ADC result.
      // ues ADCH to decide the length of a duty cycle.
      OCR1A = (0x0F | ADCH) << 4; 

      // Update LEDs 
      if (switchNo == 10) //to get a complex pattern
          PORTD = pattern;
      else
          PORTD = ~pattern;
      
	  //Enable PC3 & PC2 as inputs. (default)
      DDRC &= ~((1 << PC2) | (1 << PC3)); 
	  //Enable pull-ups for tact switches.
      PORTC = (1 << PC2) | (1 << PC3);

	  //Record the previous switch No.
	  //switchPrevious will decide if a initial pattern
	  //is applied when we change the patterns.
	  switchPrevious = switchNo;
	  
	  //S2Previous will prevent switchNo increase
	  //more than one, even we just press S2 one time.
	  //this will heppen when the timer delay is to short,
	  //and less than press time.
      //The way is to increase switchNo when S2 just turn off 
	  S1Previous = S1;
	  S2Previous = S2;
	  
      //check if the switch (S1 & S2) is on
	  //0 for on, 1 for off
	  //when switch is pressed, PINC is 0.
      S1 = (PINC & (1 << PC2));
      S2 = (PINC & (1 << PC3));

	  /*
	  * By the depression of one push-button switch (S1) to
	  * switch 10 different dynamic patterns in an inverse order.
	  * When first time press S1, the pattern will chang to nest.
	  * If hold S1 more then 2 seconds. the pattern will change
	  * by every 0.5 second/pattern. How many patterns changes,
	  * will decided by how long S1 be hold.
	  */
      if (S1)
		  S1PressTime = 0; // S1 is release, Holding time is 0.
      else
	  {
		  // count the holding time form break time
		  S1PressTime = S1PressTime + (256 * (float)OCR1A)/4000000;
		  // if first time press S1, pattern change one next.
		  if (S1Previous) 
			  switchNo--; 
		  // if the holding time is more than 2 second
		  // begin to chang patterns by every 0.5 seconds
		  else if (S1PressTime >= 2)
		  {
			  OCR1A = 0x1E84;//0x1E84 decide break time is 0.5s
			  switchNo--; 
		  }
	  }

	  /*
	  * By the depression of one push-button switch (S2)
	  * to switch 10 different dynamic patterns.
	  * By press S2 one time (even very long time),
	  * the patterns change to next one.
	  * The action occur when S2 just turn off.
	  * So S2 is off && S2Previous is on.
	  */ 
      if  ((!S2) && (S2Previous))
		  switchNo++; 
		  
	  //when press S2 11 times, switch to the first patterns
	  //when press S1 11 times, switch to the last patterns
	  //In order to prevent a time delay, we separate this "if"
	  //with other "if"s.
      if  (switchNo == 11)
		  switchNo = 1; 
      if  (switchNo == 0)
		  switchNo = 10; 

      //pattern1: flash the LEDs
      if (switchNo == 1)
      {
          if (pattern == 0x00)//if LEDs off
			  pattern = 0xFF;   //set LEDs on
          else
			  pattern = 0x00;   //set LEDs off
      }

      //pattern2: 55AA
      else if (switchNo == 2)
      {
          if (pattern == 0x55)
			  pattern = 0xAA;
          else
			  pattern = 0x55;
      }

      //pattern3: half and half
      else if (switchNo == 3)
      {
          if (pattern == 0xF0)
              pattern = 0x0F;
          else
              pattern = 0xF0;	
      }
      
      //pattern4: convergence & divergence
	  else if (switchNo == 4)
      {
		  if (switchPrevious != switchNo) 
          {
			  pattern1 = 0x02;
              pattern2 = 0x40;
		  }

          if (pattern1 & 0x09)
			  side ++;
			  //side = odd : inside
			  //side = even : outside

          if (side%2)
          {
			  pattern1 = pattern1 << 1;
			  pattern2 = pattern2 >> 1;
          }	  
          else
          {
			  pattern1 = pattern1 >> 1;
			  pattern2 = pattern2 << 1;
		  }
		  pattern = pattern1 | pattern2 ;
      }

      //patterns: right & left shift 1
      else if (switchNo == 5|| switchNo <= 6)
      {
          if (pattern & 0x81) 
			  side ++;

          if (side % 2)
          {
              if (switchPrevious != switchNo) 
			  {
			      if (switchNo == 5)
			          pattern = 0xC0;
				  else
			          pattern = 0x88;
		      }	
              else
		          pattern = pattern << 1;
           }
          else
          {
              if (switchPrevious != switchNo) 
              {
			      if (switchNo == 5)
			          pattern = 0x03;
			      else
			          pattern = 0x11;
		      }	   
              else
		          pattern = pattern >> 1;
           }
      } 
      
      //Complex pattern 7 & 10
      else if (switchNo == 7 || switchNo == 10)
      {
          if (switchPrevious != switchNo) 
              pattern = 0x00;

          if (!(pattern & 0x81)) 
			  side ++;

          if (side % 2)
          {
              if (!(pattern & 0x81)) 
			      pattern = 0x01;
              else if (pattern & 0x80)
                  pattern = pattern << 1;
              else
		          pattern |= pattern << 1;
           }
          else
          {
              if (!(pattern & 0x81)) 
			      pattern = 0x80;
              else if (pattern & 0x01)
                  pattern = pattern >> 1;
              else
		          pattern |= pattern >> 1;
          }
      }

	  //pattern8: left 2 | right 3
	  else if (switchNo == 8)
      {
		  for(int n=0; n<2;n++)
		  {
			  if (pattern1 & 0x80)
			      pattern1 = 0x01 | (pattern1 << 1);
              else
			      pattern1 = pattern1 << 1;
		  }
		  for(int n=0; n<3;n++)
		  {
			  if (pattern2 & 0x01)
				  pattern2 = 0x80 | (pattern2 >> 1);
			  else
				  pattern2 = pattern2 >> 1;
		  }

		  pattern = pattern1 | pattern2 ;
      }

      //pattern3: counter
      else if (switchNo == 9)
      {
          pattern ++;	
      }

	  // Test OCF1A flag in TIFR
	  //  (i.e. wait 0.1 sec from last counter reset)
      while (!(TIFR & (1 << OCF1A)));
      // Reset flag bit (i.e. write 1 to it)
      TIFR |= (1 << OCF1A);	
   }

   return 0;
}