/**************************************************************************\

MODULE: mat_GF2

SUMMARY:

The class mat_GF2 implements matrices over GF(2).
Each row is a vec_GF2 of the same length.

For a mat_GF2 M, one may access row i of M as M[i],
indexing from 0, or as M(i), indexing from 1.

Individual elements of M may be accessed as M[i][j],
indexing from 0, or M(i, j), indexing from 1.
Some restrictions apply (see vec_GF2.txt for details).
Alternatively, one may use methods get and put.

\**************************************************************************/


#include <NTL/vec_vec_GF2.h>

class mat_GF2 {  
public:  
  
   mat_GF2(); // initially 0 x 0

   mat_GF2(const mat_GF2& a);  
   mat_GF2& operator=(const mat_GF2& a);  
   ~mat_GF2();
  
   mat_GF2(INIT_SIZE_TYPE, long n, long m);  
   // mat_T(INIT_SIZE, n, m) initializes an n x m matrix, 
   // clearing all bits.

  
  
   void SetDims(long n, long m);
   // M.SetDims(n, m) makes M have dimension n x m.  If the number of
   // columns (m) changes, previous storage is freed, and space for M
   // is reallocated and initialized; otherwise, more rows are
   // allocated as necessary (when number of rows increases),
   // excess rows are retained (when number of rows decreases),
   // and--importantly--the contents do not change.
  
   long NumRows() const;
   // M.NumRows() returns the number of rows of M

   long NumCols() const;
   // M.NumCols() returns the number of columns of M

   vec_GF2& operator[](long i);
   const vec_GF2& operator[](long i) const;
   // access row i, initial index 0.  Any attempt to change the length
   // of this row will raise an error.

  
   vec_GF2& operator()(long i);
   const vec_GF2& operator()(long i) const;
   // access row i, initial index 1.  Any attempt to change the length
   // of this row will raise an error.


   GF2 get(long i, long j) const; 
   // returns entry (i, j), indexing from 0

   void put(long i, long j, GF2 a); 
   void put(long i, long j, long a);
   // set entry (i, j) to a, indexing from 0

   // Here are the subscripting operations defined using
   // the "helper" classes subscript_GF2 and const_subscript_GF2.

   subscript_GF2 operator()(long i, long j);

   const_subscript_GF2 operator()(long i, long j) const;

   long position(const vec_GF2& a) const;
   // returns index of a in matrix, or -1 if not present;
   // equivalent to rep(*this).position(a);

   long position1(const vec_GF2& a) const;
   // returns index of a in matrix, or -1 if not present;
   // equivalent to rep(*this).position1(a);
  
   void kill(); // free space and make 0 x 0.

};  

const vec_vec_GF2& rep(const mat_GF2& a);
// read-only access to underlying representation.
  
void swap(mat_GF2& X, mat_GF2& Y); 
// swap X and Y (fast pointer swap)

void conv(mat_GF2& X, const vec_vec_GF2& A);  
mat_GF2 to_mat_GF2(const vec_vec_GF2& A);  
// convert a vector of vec_GF2's to a matrix

// equality testing:

long operator==(const mat_GF2& A, const mat_GF2& B); 
long operator!=(const mat_GF2& A, const mat_GF2& B); 

// Input/Output:
//    input format is the same as for a vector of vec_GF2s.

istream& operator>>(istream&, mat_GF2&); 
ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const mat_GF2&);  




// procedural arithmetic routines:

void add(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A, const mat_GF2& B); 
// X = A + B

void sub(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A, const mat_GF2& B);
// X = A - B = A + B

void negate(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A);
// X = -A = A 

void mul(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A, const mat_GF2& B); 
// X = A * B

void mul(vec_GF2& x, const mat_GF2& A, const vec_GF2& b); 
// x = A * b

void mul(vec_GF2& x, const vec_GF2& a, const mat_GF2& B); 
// x = a * B


void mul(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A, GF2 b);
void mul(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A, long b);
// X = A * b

void mul(mat_GF2& X, GF2 a, const mat_GF2& B);
void mul(mat_GF2& X, long a, const mat_GF2& B);
// X = a * B

void determinant(GF2& d, const mat_GF2& A);
GF2 determinant(const mat_GF2& A);
// d =  determinant of A

void transpose(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A);
mat_GF2 transpose(const mat_GF2& A);
// X = transpose of A

void solve(GF2& d, vec_GF2& x, const mat_GF2& A, const vec_GF2& b);
// A is an n x n matrix, b is a length n vector.  Computes d = det(A).  
// If d != 0, solves x*A = b. 

void inv(GF2& d, mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A);
// A is an n x n matrix.  Computes d = det(A).  If d != 0,
// computes X = A^{-1}. 

void sqr(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A);
mat_GF2 sqr(const mat_GF2& A);
// X = A*A   

void inv(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A);
mat_GF2 inv(const mat_GF2& A);
// X = A^{-1}; error is raised if A is  singular

void power(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A, const ZZ& e);
mat_GF2 power(const mat_GF2& A, const ZZ& e);

void power(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A, long e);
mat_GF2 power(const mat_GF2& A, long e);
// X = A^e; e may be negative (in which case A must be nonsingular).


void ident(mat_GF2& X, long n); 
mat_GF2 ident_mat_GF2(long n); 
// X = n x n identity matrix

long IsIdent(const mat_GF2& A, long n);
// test if A is n x n identity matrix


void diag(mat_GF2& X, long n, GF2 d);
mat_GF2 diag(long n, GF2 d);
// X = n x n diagonal matrix with diagonal element d

long IsDiag(const mat_GF2& A, long n, long d);
// test if X is an n x n diagonal matrix with diagonal element (d mod 2)


long gauss(mat_GF2& M);
long gauss(mat_GF2& M, long w);
// Performs unitary row operations so as to bring M into row echelon
// form.  If the optional argument w is supplied, stops when first w
// columns are in echelon form.  The return value is the rank (or the
// rank of the first w columns).

void image(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A);
// The rows of X are computed as basis of A's row space.  X is is row
// echelon form


void kernel(mat_GF2& X, const mat_GF2& A);
// Computes a basis for the kernel of the map x -> x*A. where x is a
// row vector.

// miscellaneous:


void clear(mat_GF2& X);
// X = 0 (dimension unchanged)

long IsZero(const mat_GF2& A);
// test if A is the zero matrix (any dimension)


// arithmetic operator notation:

mat_GF2 operator+(const mat_GF2& a, const mat_GF2& b);
mat_GF2 operator-(const mat_GF2& a, const mat_GF2& b);
mat_GF2 operator*(const mat_GF2& a, const mat_GF2& b);

mat_GF2 operator-(const mat_GF2& a);


// matrix/scalar multiplication:

mat_GF2 operator*(const mat_GF2& a, GF2 b);
mat_GF2 operator*(const mat_GF2& a, long b);

mat_GF2 operator*(GF2 a, const mat_GF2& b);
mat_GF2 operator*(long a, const mat_GF2& b);

// matrix/vector multiplication:

vec_GF2 operator*(const mat_GF2& a, const vec_GF2& b);

vec_GF2 operator*(const vec_GF2& a, const mat_GF2& b);


// assignment operator notation:

mat_GF2& operator+=(mat_GF2& x, const mat_GF2& a);
mat_GF2& operator-=(mat_GF2& x, const mat_GF2& a);
mat_GF2& operator*=(mat_GF2& x, const mat_GF2& a);

mat_GF2& operator*=(mat_GF2& x, GF2 a);
mat_GF2& operator*=(mat_GF2& x, long a);

vec_GF2& operator*=(vec_GF2& x, const mat_GF2& a);