%!PS-Adobe-2.0%%Creator: dvips(k) 5.78 Copyright 1998 Radical Eye Software (www.radicaleye.com)%%Title: Introduction.dvi%%Pages: 19%%PageOrder: Ascend%%BoundingBox: 0 0 596 842%%DocumentFonts: Times-Bold Times-Italic Times-Roman MTSY%%+ Times-BoldItalic RMTMI%%EndComments%DVIPSCommandLine: dvips Introduction%DVIPSParameters: dpi=600, compressed%DVIPSSource:  TeX output 1999.04.28:1408%%BeginProcSet: texc.pro%!/TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin /N{def}def /B{bind def}N /S{exch}N/X{S N}B /TR{translate}N /isls false N /vsize 11 72 mul N /hsize 8.5 72mul N /landplus90{false}def /@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1}ifelse 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scaleisls{landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 divhsize mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mulTR[matrix currentmatrix{dup dup round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if}forall round exch round exch]setmatrix}N /@landscape{/isls true N}B/@manualfeed{statusdict /manualfeed 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0 } if } def/Div { dup 0 eq { pop } { div } ifelse } def/NET { neg exch neg exch T } def/Pyth { dup mul exch dup mul add sqrt } def/PtoC { 2 copy cos mul 3 1 roll sin mul } def/PathLength@ { /z z y y1 sub x x1 sub Pyth add def /y1 y def /x1 x def }def/PathLength { flattenpath /z 0 def { /y1 ED /x1 ED /y2 y1 def /x2 x1 def} { /y ED /x ED PathLength@ } {} { /y y2 def /x x2 def PathLength@ }/pathforall load stopped { pop pop pop pop } if z } def/STP { .996264 dup scale } def/STV { SDict begin normalscale end STP  } def/DashLine { dup 0 gt { /a .5 def PathLength exch div } { pop /a 1 defPathLength } ifelse /b ED /x ED /y ED /z y x add def b a .5 sub 2 mul ymul sub z Div round z mul a .5 sub 2 mul y mul add b exch Div dup y mul/y ED x mul /x ED x 0 gt y 0 gt and { [ y x ] 1 a sub y mul } { [ 1 0 ]0 } ifelse setdash stroke } def/DotLine { /b PathLength def /a ED /z ED /y CLW def /z y z add def a 0 gt{ /b b a div def } { a 0 eq { /b b y sub def } { a -3 eq { /b b y adddef } if } ifelse } ifelse [ 0 b b z Div round Div dup 0 le { pop 1 } if] a 0 gt { 0 } { y 2 div a -2 gt { neg } if } ifelse setdash 1setlinecap stroke } def/LineFill { gsave abs CLW add /a ED a 0 dtransform round exch round exch2 copy idtransform exch Atan rotate idtransform pop /a ED .25 .25% DG/SR modification begin - Dec. 12, 1997 - Patch 2%itransform translate pathbbox /y2 ED a Div ceiling cvi /x2 ED /y1 ED aitransform pathbbox /y2 ED a Div ceiling cvi /x2 ED /y1 ED a% DG/SR modification endDiv cvi /x1 ED /y2 y2 y1 sub def clip newpath 2 setlinecap systemdict/setstrokeadjust known { true setstrokeadjust } if x2 x1 sub 1 add { x1% DG/SR modification begin - Jun.  1, 1998 - Patch 3 (from Michael Vulis)% a mul y1 moveto 0 y2 rlineto stroke /x1 x1 1 add def } repeat grestore }% defa mul y1 moveto 0 y2 rlineto stroke /x1 x1 1 add def } repeat grestorepop pop } def% DG/SR modification end/BeginArrow { ADict begin /@mtrx CM def gsave 2 copy T 2 index sub negexch 3 index sub exch Atan rotate newpath } def/EndArrow { @mtrx setmatrix CP grestore end } def/Arrow { CLW mul add dup 2 div /w ED mul dup /h ED mul /a ED { 0 h T 1 -1scale } if w neg h moveto 0 0 L w h L w neg a neg rlineto gsave fillgrestore } def/Tbar { CLW mul add /z ED z -2 div CLW 2 div moveto z 0 rlineto stroke 0CLW moveto } def/Bracket { CLW mul add dup CLW sub 2 div /x ED mul CLW add /y ED /z CLW 2div def x neg y moveto x neg CLW 2 div L x CLW 2 div L x y L stroke 0CLW moveto } def/RoundBracket { CLW mul add dup 2 div /x ED mul /y ED /mtrx CM def 0 CLW2 div T x y mul 0 ne { x y scale } if 1 1 moveto .85 .5 .35 0 0 0curveto -.35 0 -.85 .5 -1 1 curveto mtrx setmatrix stroke 0 CLW moveto }def/SD { 0 360 arc fill } def/EndDot { { /z DS def } { /z 0 def } ifelse /b ED 0 z DS SD b { 0 z DSCLW sub SD } if 0 DS z add CLW 4 div sub moveto } def/Shadow { [ { /moveto load } { /lineto load } { /curveto load } {/closepath load } /pathforall load stopped { pop pop pop pop CP /movetoload } if ] cvx newpath 3 1 roll T exec } def/NArray { aload length 2 div dup dup cvi eq not { exch pop } if /n exchcvi def } def/NArray { /f ED counttomark 2 div dup cvi /n ED n eq not { exch pop } iff { ] aload /Points ED } { n 2 mul 1 add -1 roll pop } ifelse } def/Line { NArray n 0 eq not { n 1 eq { 0 0 /n 2 def } if ArrowA /n n 2 subdef n { Lineto } repeat CP 4 2 roll ArrowB L pop pop } if } def/Arcto { /a [ 6 -2 roll ] cvx def a r /arcto load stopped { 5 } { 4 }ifelse { pop } repeat a } def/CheckClosed { dup n 2 mul 1 sub index eq 2 index n 2 mul 1 add index eqand { pop pop /n n 1 sub def } if } def/Polygon { NArray n 2 eq { 0 0 /n 3 def } if n 3 lt { n { pop pop }repeat } { n 3 gt { CheckClosed } if n 2 mul -2 roll /y0 ED /x0 ED /y1ED /x1 ED x1 y1 /x1 x0 x1 add 2 div def /y1 y0 y1 add 2 div def x1 y1moveto /n n 2 sub def n { Lineto } repeat x1 y1 x0 y0 6 4 roll LinetoLineto pop pop closepath } ifelse } def/Diamond { /mtrx CM def T rotate /h ED /w ED dup 0 eq { pop } { CLW mulneg /d ED /a w h Atan def /h d a sin Div h add def /w d a cos Div w adddef } ifelse mark w 2 div h 2 div w 0 0 h neg w neg 0 0 h w 2 div h 2div /ArrowA { moveto } def /ArrowB { } def false Line closepath mtrxsetmatrix } def% DG modification begin - Jan. 15, 1997%/Triangle { /mtrx CM def translate rotate /h ED 2 div /w ED dup 0 eq {%pop } { CLW mul /d ED /h h d w h Atan sin Div sub def /w w d h w Atan 2%div dup cos exch sin Div mul sub def } ifelse mark 0 d w neg d 0 h w d 0%d /ArrowA { moveto } def /ArrowB { } def false Line closepath mtrx%setmatrix } def/Triangle { /mtrx CM def translate rotate /h ED 2 div /w ED dupCLW mul /d ED /h h d w h Atan sin Div sub def /w w d h w Atan 2div dup cos exch sin Div mul sub def mark 0 d w neg d 0 h w d 0d /ArrowA { moveto } def /ArrowB { } def false Line closepath mtrx% DG/SR modification begin - Jun.  1, 1998 - Patch 3 (from Michael Vulis)% setmatrix } defsetmatrix pop } def% DG/SR modification end/CCA { /y ED /x ED 2 copy y sub /dy1 ED x sub /dx1 ED /l1 dx1 dy1 Pythdef } def/CCA { /y ED /x ED 2 copy y sub /dy1 ED x sub /dx1 ED /l1 dx1 dy1 Pythdef } def/CC { /l0 l1 def /x1 x dx sub def /y1 y dy sub def /dx0 dx1 def /dy0 dy1def CCA /dx dx0 l1 c exp mul dx1 l0 c exp mul add def /dy dy0 l1 c expmul dy1 l0 c exp mul add def /m dx0 dy0 Atan dx1 dy1 Atan sub 2 div cosabs b exp a mul dx dy Pyth Div 2 div def /x2 x l0 dx mul m mul sub def/y2 y l0 dy mul m mul sub def /dx l1 dx mul m mul neg def /dy l1 dy mulm mul neg def } def/IC { /c c 1 add def c 0 lt { /c 0 def } { c 3 gt { /c 3 def } if }ifelse /a a 2 mul 3 div 45 cos b exp div def CCA /dx 0 def /dy 0 def }def/BOC { IC CC x2 y2 x1 y1 ArrowA CP 4 2 roll x y curveto } def/NC { CC x1 y1 x2 y2 x y curveto } def/EOC { x dx sub y dy sub 4 2 roll ArrowB 2 copy curveto } def/BAC { IC CC x y moveto CC x1 y1 CP ArrowA } def/NAC { x2 y2 x y curveto CC x1 y1 } def/EAC { x2 y2 x y ArrowB curveto pop pop } def/OpenCurve { NArray n 3 lt { n { pop pop } repeat } { BOC /n n 3 sub defn { NC } repeat EOC } ifelse } def/AltCurve { { false NArray n 2 mul 2 roll [ n 2 mul 3 sub 1 roll ] aload/Points ED n 2 mul -2 roll } { false NArray } ifelse n 4 lt { n { poppop } repeat } { BAC /n n 4 sub def n { NAC } repeat EAC } ifelse } def/ClosedCurve { NArray n 3 lt { n { pop pop } repeat } { n 3 gt {CheckClosed } if 6 copy n 2 mul 6 add 6 roll IC CC x y moveto n { NC }repeat closepath pop pop } ifelse } def/SQ { /r ED r r moveto r r neg L r neg r neg L r neg r L fill } def/ST { /y ED /x ED x y moveto x neg y L 0 x L fill } def/SP { /r ED gsave 0 r moveto 4 { 72 rotate 0 r L } repeat fill grestore }def/FontDot { DS 2 mul dup matrix scale matrix concatmatrix exch matrixrotate matrix concatmatrix exch findfont exch makefont setfont } def/Rect { x1 y1 y2 add 2 div moveto x1 y2 lineto x2 y2 lineto x2 y1 linetox1 y1 lineto closepath } def/OvalFrame { x1 x2 eq y1 y2 eq or { pop pop x1 y1 moveto x2 y2 L } { y1y2 sub abs x1 x2 sub abs 2 copy gt { exch pop } { pop } ifelse 2 divexch { dup 3 1 roll mul exch } if 2 copy lt { pop } { exch pop } ifelse/b ED x1 y1 y2 add 2 div moveto x1 y2 x2 y2 b arcto x2 y2 x2 y1 b arctox2 y1 x1 y1 b arcto x1 y1 x1 y2 b arcto 16 { pop } repeat closepath }ifelse } def/Frame { CLW mul /a ED 3 -1 roll 2 copy gt { exch } if a sub /y2 ED a add/y1 ED 2 copy gt { exch } if a sub /x2 ED a add /x1 ED 1 index 0 eq {pop pop Rect } { OvalFrame } ifelse } def/BezierNArray { /f ED counttomark 2 div dup cvi /n ED n eq not { exch pop} if n 1 sub neg 3 mod 3 add 3 mod { 0 0 /n n 1 add def } repeat f { ]aload /Points ED } { n 2 mul 1 add -1 roll pop } ifelse } def/OpenBezier { BezierNArray n 1 eq { pop pop } { ArrowA n 4 sub 3 idiv { 62 roll 4 2 roll curveto } repeat 6 2 roll 4 2 roll ArrowB curveto }ifelse } def/ClosedBezier { BezierNArray n 1 eq { pop pop } { moveto n 1 sub 3 idiv {6 2 roll 4 2 roll curveto } repeat closepath } ifelse } def/BezierShowPoints { gsave Points aload length 2 div cvi /n ED moveto n 1sub { lineto } repeat CLW 2 div SLW [ 4 4 ] 0 setdash stroke grestore }def/Parab { /y0 exch def /x0 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def /dx x0 x1sub 3 div def /dy y0 y1 sub 3 div def x0 dx sub y0 dy add x1 y1 ArrowAx0 dx add y0 dy add x0 2 mul x1 sub y1 ArrowB curveto /Points [ x1 y1 x0y0 x0 2 mul x1 sub y1 ] def } def/Grid { newpath /a 4 string def /b ED /c ED /n ED cvi dup 1 lt { pop 1 }if /s ED s div dup 0 eq { pop 1 } if /dy ED s div dup 0 eq { pop 1 } if/dx ED dy div round dy mul /y0 ED dx div round dx mul /x0 ED dy divround cvi /y2 ED dx div round cvi /x2 ED dy div round cvi /y1 ED dx div