<FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>Adds one or more elements to the front of an array and returns the new length of the array.</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><A NAME="1202673"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline><A HREF="array.html#1202613"  >valueOf</A></zcodeline></FONT><P>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1202675"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>Returns the primitive value of the array. Overrides the <A HREF="object.html#1193540"  >Object.valueOf</A> method.</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR></TABLE><P></zparagraph></FONT><P><A NAME="1201266"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>In addition, this object inherits the <A HREF="object.html#1193628"  >watch</A> and <A HREF="object.html#1193499"  >unwatch</A> methods from <A HREF="object.html#1193136"  >Object</A>.</zparagraph></FONT><P><BR><A NAME="1193381"> </A><A NAME="Examples"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><B><zrefheader>Examples</zrefheader></B></FONT><BR><A NAME="1193382"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph><B>Example 1.</B> The following example creates an array, <FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">msgArray</FONT>, with a length of 0, then assigns values to <FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">msgArray[0]</FONT> and <FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">msgArray[99]</FONT>, changing the length of the array to 100.</zparagraph></FONT><P><A NAME="1193383"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline>msgArray = new Array()<br>msgArray[0] = "Hello"<br>msgArray[99] = "world"<br>// The following statement is true,<br>// because defined msgArray[99] element.<br>if (msgArray.length == 100) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;myVar="The length is 100."</zcodeline></FONT><P><A NAME="1193388"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph><B>Example 2: Two-dimensional array.</B> The following code creates a two-dimensional array and assigns the results to <FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">myVar</FONT>.</zparagraph></FONT><P><A NAME="1193389"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline>myVar="Multidimensional array test; "<br>a = new Array(4)<br>for (i=0; i &lt; 4; i++) {<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a[i] = new Array(4)<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for (j=0; j &lt; 4; j++) {<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a[i][j] = "["+i+","+j+"]"<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}<br>}<br>for (i=0; i &lt; 4; i++) {<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;str = "Row "+i+":"<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for (j=0; j &lt; 4; j++) {<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;str += a[i][j]<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;myVar += str +"; "<br>}</zcodeline></FONT><P><A NAME="1193390"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>This example assigns the following string to <FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">myVar</FONT> (line breaks are used here for readability):</zparagraph></FONT><P><A NAME="1193391"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline>Multidimensional array test;<br>Row 0:[0,0][0,1][0,2][0,3];<br>Row 1:[1,0][1,1][1,2][1,3];<br>Row 2:[2,0][2,1][2,2][2,3];<br>Row 3:[3,0][3,1][3,2][3,3];</zcodeline></FONT><P><BR><P><A NAME="1194827"> </A><A NAME="concat"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="4"><B><zrefhead2>concat</zrefhead2></B></FONT><P><A NAME="1194841"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>Joins two arrays and returns a new array. <BR><P><TABLE WIDTH="90%" BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="0">  <CAPTION></CAPTION><P><FONT FACE=""><B></B></FONT><BR><BR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1198289"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Method of</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1198294"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><A HREF="array.html#1193137"  >Array</A></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1198296"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Implemented in</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1198298"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>JavaScript 1.2, NES 3.0</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1220471"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>ECMA version</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1220473"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>ECMA-262</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR></TABLE><P></zparagraph></FONT><P><BR><A NAME="1194842"> </A><A NAME="Syntax"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><B><zrefheader>Syntax</zrefheader></B></FONT><BR><A NAME="1194843"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline>concat(<I>arrayName2</I>, <I>arrayName3</I>, ..., <I>arrayNameN</I>)</zcodeline></FONT><P><BR><A NAME="1194844"> </A><A NAME="Parameters"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><B><zrefheader>Parameters</zrefheader></B></FONT><BR><A NAME="1194850"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph><BR><P><TABLE WIDTH="90%" BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="0">  <CAPTION></CAPTION><P><FONT FACE=""><B></B></FONT><BR><BR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><A NAME="1194847"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline>arrayName2...<br>arrayName<I>N</I></zcodeline></FONT><P>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1194849"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>Arrays to concatenate to this array.</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR></TABLE><P></zparagraph></FONT><P><BR><A NAME="1194851"> </A><A NAME="Description"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><B><zrefheader>Description</zrefheader></B></FONT><BR><A NAME="1194852"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">concat</FONT> does not alter the original arrays, but returns a "one level deep" copy that contains copies of the same elements combined from the original arrays. Elements of the original arrays are copied into the new array as follows: </zparagraph></FONT><P><ul><A NAME="1194853"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><B>  <li></B><zsmartlist1>Object references (and not the actual object): <FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">concat</FONT> copies object references into the new array. Both the original and new array refer to the same object. If a referenced object changes, the changes are visible to both the new and original arrays.</zsmartlist1></FONT><P><A NAME="1194860"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><B>  <li></B><zsmartlist1>Strings and numbers (not <A HREF="string.html#1193137"  >String</A> and <A HREF="number.html#1193137"  >Number</A> objects): <FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size">concat</FONT> copies strings and numbers into the new array. Changes to the string or number in one array does not affect the other arrays.</zsmartlist1></FONT><P></ul><A NAME="1194861"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>If a new element is added to either array, the other array is not affected.</zparagraph></FONT><P><A NAME="1212871"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>The following code concatenates two arrays:</zparagraph></FONT><P><A NAME="1212906"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline>alpha=new Array("a","b","c")<br>numeric=new Array(1,2,3)<br>alphaNumeric=alpha.concat(numeric) // creates array ["a","b","c",1,2,3]</zcodeline></FONT><P><A NAME="1213112"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>The following code concatenates three arrays:</zparagraph></FONT><P><A NAME="1213022"></A><FONT FACE="courier, couriernew, monospaced size" SIZE="2"><zcodeline>num1=[1,2,3]<br>num2=[4,5,6]<br>num3=[7,8,9]<br>nums=num1.concat(num2,num3) // creates array [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]</zcodeline></FONT><P><BR><P><A NAME="1206131"> </A><A NAME="constructor"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="4"><B><zrefhead2>constructor</zrefhead2></B></FONT><P><A NAME="1206132"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>Specifies the function that creates an object's prototype. Note that the value of this property is a reference to the function itself, not a string containing the function's name.<BR><P><TABLE WIDTH="90%" BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="0">  <CAPTION></CAPTION><P><FONT FACE=""><B></B></FONT><BR><BR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1206135"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Property of</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1206140"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><A HREF="array.html#1193137"  >Array</A></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1206142"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Implemented in</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1206144"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>JavaScript 1.1, NES 2.0</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1206146"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>ECMA version</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1206148"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>ECMA-262</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR></TABLE><P></zparagraph></FONT><P><BR><A NAME="1206149"> </A><A NAME="Description"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><B><zrefheader>Description</zrefheader></B></FONT><BR><A NAME="1206150"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>See <A HREF="object.html#1193229"  >Object.constructor</A>.</zparagraph></FONT><P><BR><P><A NAME="1193399"> </A><A NAME="index"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="4"><B><zrefhead2>index</zrefhead2></B></FONT><P><A NAME="1193401"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>For an array created by a regular expression match, the zero-based index of the match in the string.<BR><P><TABLE WIDTH="90%" BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="0">  <CAPTION></CAPTION><P><FONT FACE=""><B></B></FONT><BR><BR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1193404"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Property of</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1193409"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><A HREF="array.html#1193137"  >Array</A></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=2 ROWSPAN=1><P><A NAME="1193411"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Static</I></ztabletext></FONT></TD>  </TR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1193415"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Implemented in</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1193417"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext>JavaScript 1.2, NES 3.0</ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>  </TR></TABLE><P></zparagraph></FONT><P><BR><P><A NAME="1193419"> </A><A NAME="input"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="4"><B><zrefhead2>input</zrefhead2></B></FONT><P><A NAME="1197743"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><zparagraph>For an array created by a regular expression match, reflects the original string against which the regular expression was matched.<BR><P><TABLE WIDTH="90%" BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="5" CELLSPACING="0">  <CAPTION></CAPTION><P><FONT FACE=""><B></B></FONT><BR><BR>  <TR>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P><A NAME="1193424"> </A><FONT FACE="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" SIZE="2"><ztabletext><I>Property of</I></ztabletext></FONT>&nbsp;</TD>    <TD VALIGN=TOP><P>