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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"/><title>BDM手冊6                               turbolinux </title></head><body><center><h1>BBS 水木清華站∶精華區</h1></center><a name="top"></a>發信人:&nbsp;doot&nbsp;(ltt),&nbsp;信區:&nbsp;Embedded&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />標&nbsp;&nbsp;題:&nbsp;BDM手冊6&nbsp;<br />發信站:&nbsp;BBS&nbsp;水木清華站&nbsp;(Thu&nbsp;Oct&nbsp;26&nbsp;16:24:18&nbsp;2000)&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br />Designing&nbsp;Your&nbsp;Prototype&nbsp;<br />There&nbsp;are&nbsp;many&nbsp;things&nbsp;to&nbsp;consider&nbsp;in&nbsp;designing&nbsp;your&nbsp;prototype&nbsp;target&nbsp;to&nbsp;take&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;advantage&nbsp;of&nbsp;<br />the&nbsp;OCD&nbsp;capabilities.&nbsp;<br />1:&nbsp;Use&nbsp;it!&nbsp;<br />This&nbsp;may&nbsp;sound&nbsp;simplistic&nbsp;but&nbsp;some&nbsp;designers&nbsp;are&nbsp;so&nbsp;accustomed&nbsp;to&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;monito&nbsp;<br />rs&nbsp;or&nbsp;<br />emulators&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;decision&nbsp;is&nbsp;made&nbsp;not&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;on-&nbsp;chip&nbsp;debugging&nbsp;featur&nbsp;<br />es.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;<br />not&nbsp;going&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;features,&nbsp;maybe&nbsp;another&nbsp;member&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;design&nbsp;or&nbsp;integra&nbsp;<br />tion&nbsp;team&nbsp;<br />will.&nbsp;It&nbsp;takes&nbsp;very&nbsp;little&nbsp;to&nbsp;leave&nbsp;the&nbsp;option&nbsp;open&nbsp;to&nbsp;others.&nbsp;Minimally&nbsp;…&nbsp;<br />2:&nbsp;Place&nbsp;the&nbsp;specified&nbsp;header&nbsp;on&nbsp;your&nbsp;board,&nbsp;if&nbsp;possible.&nbsp;<br />If&nbsp;the&nbsp;prototype&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;PC&nbsp;card&nbsp;as&nbsp;the&nbsp;end&nbsp;product&nbsp;then&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;su&nbsp;<br />re&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;room&nbsp;<br />on&nbsp;the&nbsp;board&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;header.&nbsp;If&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;room,&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;other&nbsp;options.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />Take&nbsp;a&nbsp;look&nbsp;at&nbsp;<br />the&nbsp;header&nbsp;specification&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;manufacturer&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;debugger&nbsp;you&nbsp;plan&nbsp;on&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />using.&nbsp;You&nbsp;<br />will&nbsp;probably&nbsp;find&nbsp;signals&nbsp;that&nbsp;you&nbsp;do&nbsp;not&nbsp;need.&nbsp;The&nbsp;RISCWatch&nbsp;header&nbsp;from&nbsp;I&nbsp;<br />BM&nbsp;contains&nbsp;<br />several&nbsp;“no&nbsp;connect”&nbsp;signals&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;“key”&nbsp;pin&nbsp;(rather,&nbsp;missing&nbsp;pin).&nbsp;If&nbsp;y&nbsp;<br />ou&nbsp;must,&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;<br />substitute&nbsp;a&nbsp;smaller&nbsp;header&nbsp;and&nbsp;make&nbsp;a&nbsp;conversion&nbsp;cable.&nbsp;The&nbsp;Motorola&nbsp;BDM&nbsp;fo&nbsp;<br />r&nbsp;the&nbsp;<br />CPU16/&nbsp;CPU32&nbsp;family&nbsp;contains&nbsp;two&nbsp;ground&nbsp;signals&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;DATA&nbsp;STROBE&nbsp;signal.&nbsp;Ty&nbsp;<br />pically,&nbsp;<br />one&nbsp;ground&nbsp;may&nbsp;suffice&nbsp;and&nbsp;most&nbsp;debuggers&nbsp;do&nbsp;not&nbsp;use&nbsp;the&nbsp;data&nbsp;strobe.&nbsp;The&nbsp;he&nbsp;<br />ader&nbsp;does&nbsp;<br />not&nbsp;have&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;dual-&nbsp;row&nbsp;header&nbsp;on&nbsp;.1&nbsp;centers.&nbsp;Although&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;specif&nbsp;<br />ication,&nbsp;feel&nbsp;free&nbsp;<br />to&nbsp;modify&nbsp;it&nbsp;to&nbsp;fit&nbsp;your&nbsp;needs.&nbsp;Be&nbsp;somewhat&nbsp;careful&nbsp;about&nbsp;the&nbsp;layout,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />helpful&nbsp;to&nbsp;keep&nbsp;<br />higher&nbsp;frequency&nbsp;lines&nbsp;separated.&nbsp;If&nbsp;you&nbsp;are&nbsp;using&nbsp;a&nbsp;wiggler,&nbsp;this&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;a&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />problem&nbsp;since&nbsp;<br />the&nbsp;frequency&nbsp;does&nbsp;not&nbsp;usually&nbsp;surpass&nbsp;100K&nbsp;bps.&nbsp;<br />3:&nbsp;Watch&nbsp;those&nbsp;traces!&nbsp;<br />It&nbsp;is&nbsp;best&nbsp;to&nbsp;keep&nbsp;the&nbsp;OCD&nbsp;connector&nbsp;close&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;CPU&nbsp;since&nbsp;the&nbsp;lines&nbsp;are&nbsp;ty&nbsp;<br />pically&nbsp;not&nbsp;<br />buffered.&nbsp;It&nbsp;is&nbsp;important&nbsp;to&nbsp;keep&nbsp;the&nbsp;traces&nbsp;approximately&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;length,&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />especially&nbsp;the&nbsp;<br />serial&nbsp;communications&nbsp;lines.&nbsp;For&nbsp;Motorola,&nbsp;these&nbsp;are&nbsp;the&nbsp;DSI,&nbsp;DSO,&nbsp;and&nbsp;DSCK&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />lines.&nbsp;For&nbsp;<br />JTAG&nbsp;interfaces,&nbsp;the&nbsp;TMS,&nbsp;TDO,&nbsp;TDI,&nbsp;and&nbsp;TCK&nbsp;lines.&nbsp;I&nbsp;have&nbsp;seen&nbsp;problems,&nbsp;eve&nbsp;<br />n&nbsp;with&nbsp;low&nbsp;<br />speed&nbsp;wigglers,&nbsp;when&nbsp;the&nbsp;lines&nbsp;meander&nbsp;around&nbsp;the&nbsp;board&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;processor&nbsp;t&nbsp;<br />o&nbsp;the&nbsp;<br />header,&nbsp;particularly&nbsp;with&nbsp;3.3&nbsp;volt&nbsp;parts.&nbsp;Remember&nbsp;that&nbsp;some&nbsp;JTAG&nbsp;ports&nbsp;are&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />used&nbsp;for&nbsp;<br />both&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;and&nbsp;software&nbsp;testing.&nbsp;The&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;use&nbsp;may&nbsp;necessitate&nbsp;connect&nbsp;<br />ing&nbsp;many&nbsp;<br />chips&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;board&nbsp;together&nbsp;via&nbsp;a&nbsp;JTAG&nbsp;daisy&nbsp;chain.&nbsp;This&nbsp;will&nbsp;greatly&nbsp;effect&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;software&nbsp;<br />testing&nbsp;and&nbsp;noise&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;chain.&nbsp;Think&nbsp;this&nbsp;out&nbsp;carefully&nbsp;and&nbsp;watch&nbsp;your&nbsp;desi&nbsp;<br />gn.&nbsp;<br />4:&nbsp;Watch&nbsp;those&nbsp;resistors!&nbsp;<br />Motorola&nbsp;chips,&nbsp;in&nbsp;particular,&nbsp;set&nbsp;up&nbsp;the&nbsp;OCD&nbsp;configuration&nbsp;and&nbsp;access&nbsp;durin&nbsp;<br />g&nbsp;the&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;<br />reset.&nbsp;It&nbsp;is&nbsp;vitally&nbsp;important&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;debugger&nbsp;correctly&nbsp;control&nbsp;these&nbsp;lin&nbsp;<br />es&nbsp;during&nbsp;this&nbsp;<br />time.&nbsp;Equally&nbsp;important&nbsp;is&nbsp;what&nbsp;happens&nbsp;when&nbsp;you&nbsp;test&nbsp;the&nbsp;board&nbsp;without&nbsp;a&nbsp;de&nbsp;<br />bugger&nbsp;<br />attached.&nbsp;The&nbsp;manufacturer&nbsp;will&nbsp;also&nbsp;offer&nbsp;a&nbsp;recommended&nbsp;circuit&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;OCD&nbsp;<br />/&nbsp;JTAG&nbsp;<br />header&nbsp;which&nbsp;may&nbsp;or&nbsp;may&nbsp;not&nbsp;include&nbsp;resistor&nbsp;pull-&nbsp;ups&nbsp;and/&nbsp;or&nbsp;pull-&nbsp;downs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />Additionally,&nbsp;<br />other&nbsp;signals&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;header&nbsp;may&nbsp;have&nbsp;recommended&nbsp;circuits&nbsp;(i.&nbsp;e.:&nbsp;IBM&nbsp;sugges&nbsp;<br />ts&nbsp;a&nbsp;1K&nbsp;<br />series&nbsp;resistor&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;power&nbsp;sense&nbsp;line&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;4xx&nbsp;processors).&nbsp;<br />5:&nbsp;Connect&nbsp;the&nbsp;boot&nbsp;chip&nbsp;select&nbsp;to&nbsp;RAM.&nbsp;<br />Virtually&nbsp;all&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;on-&nbsp;chip&nbsp;debugging&nbsp;equipped&nbsp;processors&nbsp;have&nbsp;multiple&nbsp;ch&nbsp;<br />ip&nbsp;selects.&nbsp;<br />Typically,&nbsp;one&nbsp;of&nbsp;them&nbsp;is&nbsp;configured&nbsp;during&nbsp;a&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;reset&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;used&nbsp;with&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;whatever&nbsp;<br />boot&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;or&nbsp;start-&nbsp;up&nbsp;code&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;is&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;system.&nbsp;Many&nbsp;newer&nbsp;designs&nbsp;use&nbsp;a&nbsp;FL&nbsp;<br />ASH&nbsp;<br />EEPROM&nbsp;for&nbsp;this&nbsp;purpose.&nbsp;During&nbsp;debug,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;obviously&nbsp;advantageous&nbsp;to&nbsp;use&nbsp;R&nbsp;<br />AM&nbsp;instead&nbsp;<br />of&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;to&nbsp;hold&nbsp;the&nbsp;code&nbsp;under&nbsp;test.&nbsp;One&nbsp;possibility&nbsp;is&nbsp;to&nbsp;have&nbsp;another&nbsp;chip&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />select&nbsp;pointing&nbsp;<br />to&nbsp;a&nbsp;bank&nbsp;of&nbsp;RAM&nbsp;(that&nbsp;may&nbsp;or&nbsp;may&nbsp;not&nbsp;be&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;final&nbsp;product).&nbsp;The&nbsp;problem&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />here&nbsp;is&nbsp;that&nbsp;<br />when&nbsp;you&nbsp;or&nbsp;the&nbsp;debugger&nbsp;cause&nbsp;a&nbsp;hard&nbsp;reset,&nbsp;the&nbsp;chip&nbsp;select&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;RAM&nbsp;is&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />NOT&nbsp;appropriately&nbsp;<br />configured.&nbsp;This&nbsp;must&nbsp;somehow&nbsp;be&nbsp;done&nbsp;(see&nbsp;section&nbsp;on&nbsp;why&nbsp;most&nbsp;OCD&nbsp;debuggers&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;do&nbsp;not&nbsp;<br />have&nbsp;ZEN).&nbsp;Additionally,&nbsp;you&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;testing&nbsp;code&nbsp;running&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;chip&nbsp;select&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;different&nbsp;from&nbsp;<br />that&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;final&nbsp;product,&nbsp;something&nbsp;better&nbsp;to&nbsp;avoid.&nbsp;<br />I&nbsp;recently&nbsp;solved&nbsp;the&nbsp;problem&nbsp;this&nbsp;way&nbsp;…&nbsp;My&nbsp;boot&nbsp;chip&nbsp;select&nbsp;and&nbsp;general&nbsp;ch&nbsp;<br />ip&nbsp;select&nbsp;zero&nbsp;<br />went&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;2x3&nbsp;pin&nbsp;header.&nbsp;On&nbsp;the&nbsp;board&nbsp;was&nbsp;a&nbsp;128K&nbsp;FLASH&nbsp;EPROM&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;128K&nbsp;sta&nbsp;<br />tic&nbsp;<br />RAM.&nbsp;By&nbsp;changing&nbsp;the&nbsp;jumpers&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;header,&nbsp;either&nbsp;device&nbsp;could&nbsp;be&nbsp;controlle&nbsp;<br />d&nbsp;by&nbsp;either&nbsp;<br />chip&nbsp;select.&nbsp;During&nbsp;initial&nbsp;debug,&nbsp;the&nbsp;RAM&nbsp;received&nbsp;the&nbsp;boot&nbsp;chip&nbsp;select.&nbsp;Af&nbsp;<br />ter&nbsp;code&nbsp;was&nbsp;<br />burned&nbsp;into&nbsp;the&nbsp;FLASH&nbsp;(in&nbsp;target,&nbsp;via&nbsp;an&nbsp;OCD&nbsp;Flash&nbsp;programmer),&nbsp;the&nbsp;jumpers&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />were&nbsp;<br />changed&nbsp;and&nbsp;final&nbsp;debug&nbsp;and&nbsp;test&nbsp;was&nbsp;conducted.&nbsp;You&nbsp;will&nbsp;also&nbsp;find&nbsp;that&nbsp;if&nbsp;y&nbsp;<br />ou&nbsp;socket&nbsp;your&nbsp;<br />boot&nbsp;ROM,&nbsp;there&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;RAM&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;footprint&nbsp;that&nbsp;will&nbsp;fit&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;so&nbsp;<br />cket&nbsp;during&nbsp;<br />debug,&nbsp;or&nbsp;a&nbsp;simple&nbsp;socket&nbsp;adapter&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;fabricated&nbsp;(thank&nbsp;goodness&nbsp;for&nbsp;tech&nbsp;<br />nicians!).&nbsp;<br />Don’t&nbsp;forget&nbsp;to&nbsp;make&nbsp;the&nbsp;socket&nbsp;writable.&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;the&nbsp;ideal&nbsp;solution.&nbsp;<br />Another&nbsp;common&nbsp;practice&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;final&nbsp;product&nbsp;is&nbsp;to&nbsp;have&nbsp;the&nbsp;application&nbsp;code&nbsp;i&nbsp;<br />n&nbsp;as&nbsp;slow,&nbsp;<br />small,&nbsp;and&nbsp;narrow&nbsp;a&nbsp;boot&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;as&nbsp;possible.&nbsp;This&nbsp;allows&nbsp;inexpensive&nbsp;storage.&nbsp;T&nbsp;<br />he&nbsp;actual&nbsp;<br />boot&nbsp;code&nbsp;then&nbsp;sets&nbsp;up&nbsp;the&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;(minimally,&nbsp;the&nbsp;other&nbsp;chip&nbsp;selects)&nbsp;and&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />copies&nbsp;the&nbsp;<br />application&nbsp;code&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;slower&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;to&nbsp;faster&nbsp;system&nbsp;RAM.&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;followed&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />by&nbsp;a&nbsp;jump&nbsp;to&nbsp;<br />the&nbsp;start&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;application.&nbsp;This&nbsp;kind&nbsp;of&nbsp;simple&nbsp;boot&nbsp;program&nbsp;is&nbsp;easy&nbsp;to&nbsp;im&nbsp;<br />plement.&nbsp;You&nbsp;<br />may&nbsp;want&nbsp;to&nbsp;have&nbsp;the&nbsp;boot&nbsp;section&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;code&nbsp;written&nbsp;and&nbsp;placed&nbsp;into&nbsp;a&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />on&nbsp;the&nbsp;boot&nbsp;<br />chip&nbsp;select&nbsp;line.&nbsp;During&nbsp;debug,&nbsp;the&nbsp;application&nbsp;code&nbsp;would&nbsp;not&nbsp;be&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;ROM&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;but&nbsp;still&nbsp;on&nbsp;<br />the&nbsp;host.&nbsp;When&nbsp;you&nbsp;reset&nbsp;the&nbsp;target&nbsp;under&nbsp;test,&nbsp;you&nbsp;would&nbsp;then&nbsp;execute&nbsp;the&nbsp;b&nbsp;<br />eginning&nbsp;of&nbsp;<br />the&nbsp;boot&nbsp;code&nbsp;to&nbsp;set&nbsp;up&nbsp;the&nbsp;hardware&nbsp;and&nbsp;then&nbsp;return&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;OCD.&nbsp;Now&nbsp;your&nbsp;ap&nbsp;<br />plication&nbsp;<br />under&nbsp;test&nbsp;may&nbsp;be&nbsp;downloaded&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;RAM&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;chip&nbsp;select&nbsp;with&nbsp;which&nbsp;it&nbsp;wil&nbsp;<br />l&nbsp;run&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;<br />final&nbsp;system.&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br />--&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;<br />※&nbsp;來源:·BBS&nbsp;水木清華站&nbsp;smth.org·[FROM:&nbsp;202.117.114.7]&nbsp;<br /><a href="00000005.htm">上一篇</a><a href="javascript:history.go(-1)">返回上一頁</a><a href="index.htm">回到目錄</a><a href="#top">回到頁首</a><a href="00000007.htm">下一篇</a></h1></center><center><h1>BBS 水木清華站∶精華區</h1></center></body></html>
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