function result = demo_svm(action,hfigure,varargin)% DEMO_SVM Demo on Support Vector Machines.%% Synopsis:%  demo_svm%% Description:%  DEMO_SVM demonstrates algorithms training the binary %   SVM classifier L1-soft and L2-soft margin [Vapnik95]%   [Cris00]. The input training vectors must be 2-dimensional %   and can be interactively created by the user.%%  Following algorithms can be tested:%%  - Sequential Minimal Optimizer (SMO) for L1-norm soft margin.%  - QP solver (quadprog) used to train SVM with L2-norm soft margin.%  - Kernel Perceptron for separable hyperplane.%% Control:%  Algorithm       - algorithm for testing.%  Kernel          - non-linear kernel.%  Kernel argument - argument of the non-linear kernel.%  C-constant      - trade-off (regularization) constant.%  parameters      - parameters of the selected algorithm.%  background      - if selected then the background color%     denotes the sign and the intenzity denotes the value %     of the found decision function.%%  FIG2EPS     - exports screen to the PostScript file.%  Load data   - loads input training sets from file.%  Create data - calls program for creating point sets.%  Reset       - clears the screen.%  Train SVM   - trains and displays the SVM classifer.%  Info        - calls the info box.%  Close       - close the program.%% See also %  SMO, SVMQUADPROG, KPERCEPTR.%% About: Statistical Pattern Recognition Toolbox% (C) 1999-2003, Written by Vojtech Franc and Vaclav Hlavac% <a href="http://www.cvut.cz">Czech Technical University Prague</a>% <a href="http://www.feld.cvut.cz">Faculty of Electrical Engineering</a>% <a href="http://cmp.felk.cvut.cz">Center for Machine Perception</a>% Modifications:% 2-june-2004, VF% 18-July-2003, VF% 6-march-2002, V.Franc% 23-oct-2001, V.FrancBORDER=0.2;          % minimal space between axis and pointsDATA_IDENT='Finite sets, Enumeration';  % file identifierALGOS=['SMO (L1)          ';...       'QUADPROG (L2)     ';...       'Kernel-Perceptron '];KERNELS=['Linear    ';...         'Polynomial';...         'RBF       '];SMO_PARAM = 'epsilon,tolerance';DEF_SMO_PARAM = '1e-3,1e-3';KERNELSK_PARAM = 'epsilon,iter_limit';DEF_KERNELSK_PARAM = '1e-3,inf';KPERCEPTR_PARAM = 'tmax';DEF_KPERCEPTR_PARAM = 'inf';% if number of arguments is less then 1, that means first call of this% function. Every other calls set up at least argument actionif nargin < 1,   action = 'initialize';end% what action is required ?switch lower(action)case 'initialize'   % == Initialize user interface control and figure =======   % == Figure =============================================   left=0.1;   width=0.8;   bottom=0.1;   height=0.8;   hfigure=figure('Name','Support Vector Machines', ...      'Visible','off',...      'NumberTitle','off', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'Position',[left bottom width height],...      'Units','normalized', ...      'tag','demo_svm');   % == Axes =========================================   left=0.1;   width=0.65;   bottom=0.35;   height=0.60;   haxes=axes(...      'Units','normalized', ...      'UserData',[],...      'Position',[left bottom width height]);   xlabel('feature x');   ylabel('feature y');   % == Comment window =================================   % Comment Window frame   bottom=0.05;   height=0.2;   uicontrol( ...        'Style','frame', ...        'Units','normalized', ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...        'BackgroundColor',[0.5 0.5 0.5]);   % Text label   uicontrol( ...        'Style','text', ...        'Units','normalized', ...        'Position',[left height-0.01 width 0.05], ...        'BackgroundColor',[0.5 0.5 0.5], ...        'ForegroundColor',[1 1 1], ...        'String','Comment Window');   % Edit window   border=0.01;   hconsole=uicontrol( ...        'Style','edit', ...        'HorizontalAlignment','left', ...        'Units','normalized', ...        'Max',10, ...        'BackgroundColor',[1 1 1], ...        'Position',[left+border bottom width-2*border height-0.05], ...        'Enable','inactive',...        'String','');   % == Buttons ===========================================      % Export to EPS    width=0.1;   left=0.75-width;   bottom=0.95;   height=0.04;   hbt_close = uicontrol(...    'Units','Normalized', ...      'Callback','fig2eps(gcf)',...        'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String','FIG2EPS');   % Close button   left=0.8;   bottom=0.05;   height=0.045;   width=0.15;   hbt_close = uicontrol(...    'Units','Normalized', ...      'Callback','close(gcf)',...        'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...        'String','Close');   % Info button: call stanard info box   bottom=bottom+1.5*height;   hbt_info = uicontrol(...    'Units','Normalized', ...      'Callback','demo_svm(''info'',gcf)',...        'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...        'String','Info');   % Train SVM button   bottom=bottom+1.5*height;   hbt_train = uicontrol(...      'Units','Normalized', ...      'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String','Train SVM', ...      'Callback','demo_svm(''train'',gcf)');   % Reset button   bottom=bottom+height;    hbt_reset = uicontrol(...      'Units','Normalized', ...      'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String','Reset', ...      'Callback','demo_svm(''reset'',gcf)');   % Creat data   bottom=bottom+1.5*height;    hbt_creat = uicontrol(...      'Units','Normalized', ...      'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String','Create data', ...      'Callback','demo_svm(''creatdata'',gcf)');   % Load data   bottom=bottom+1*height;    hbt_load = uicontrol(...      'Units','Normalized', ...      'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String','Load data', ...      'Callback','demo_svm(''getfile'',gcf)');   % == Popup menus ======================================   bottom=0.95-height;   htx_algo=uicontrol( ...      'Style','text', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String','Algorithm');   % popup menu   bottom=bottom-height*0.8;   hpu_algo=uicontrol( ...      'Style','popup', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'CallBack','demo_svm(''algo_handler'',gcf)',...      'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String',ALGOS);   % pop menu - kernel   bottom=bottom-height*1.2;   htx_kernel=uicontrol( ...      'Style','text', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String','Kernel');   % popup menu   bottom=bottom-height*.8;   hpu_kernel=uicontrol( ...      'Style','popup', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'CallBack','demo_svm(''kernel_handler'',gcf)',...      'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'String',KERNELS);   % == Edit line ========================================   % kernel argument   bottom=bottom-1.2*height;   htx_arg=uicontrol( ...      'Style','text', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'Position',[left bottom width 0.9*height], ...      'Enable','off',...      'String','Kernel argument');   bottom=bottom-height*.8;   hed_arg = uicontrol(...    'Units','normalized', ...      'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'Style','edit',...      'Enable','off',...      'CallBack','demo_svm(''arg_handler'',gcf)',...      'String','1');      % C const   bottom=bottom-1.2*height;   htx_cconst=uicontrol( ...      'Style','text', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'Position',[left bottom width 0.9*height], ...      'Enable','on',...      'String','C-constant');   bottom=bottom-height*.8;   hed_cconst = uicontrol(...    'Units','normalized', ...      'ListboxTop',0, ...        'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'Style','edit',...      'Enable','on',...      'CallBack','demo_svm(''cconst_handler'',gcf)',...      'String','100');      % parameters of the algortihm   bottom=bottom-1.2*height;   htx_param=uicontrol( ...      'Style','text', ...      'Units','normalized', ...      'Position',[left bottom width 0.9*height], ...      'Enable','on',...      'String',SMO_PARAM);   bottom=bottom-height*.8;   hed_param = uicontrol(...      'Units','normalized', ...      'ListboxTop',0, ...      'Position',[left bottom width height], ...      'Style','edit',...      'Enable','on',...      'CallBack','demo_svm(''param_handler'',gcf)',...      'String',DEF_SMO_PARAM);      % == Check boxes ==============================================   bottom=bottom-height*1.2;    hxb_background = uicontrol(...    'Style','checkbox', ...    'Units','normalized', ...    'ListboxTop',0, ...    'Position',[left bottom width height], ...    'String','Background');   % ============================================================   data=struct(...      'bt_close',hbt_close,...      'bt_train',hbt_train,...      'bt_reset',hbt_reset,...      'bt_info',hbt_info,...      'bt_load',hbt_load,...      'bt_creat',hbt_creat,...      'pu_algo',hpu_algo,...      'pu_kernel', hpu_kernel,...      'ed_arg', hed_arg,...      'tx_arg', htx_arg,...      'tx_cconst', htx_cconst,...      'ed_cconst', hed_cconst,...      'tx_param', htx_param,...      'ed_param', hed_param,...      'console',hconsole,...      'axes',haxes,...      'xb_background',hxb_background);   set(hfigure,'UserData',data );   % Reset   demo_svm('reset',hfigure);   % Put figure on desktop   set(hfigure,'Visible','on');   drawnow;   %== Trains SVM and displays result ================================case 'train'   data = get( hfigure, 'UserData');      trn = get( data.axes, 'UserData' );      if isempty( trn ),      return;   end      C = str2num(get( data.ed_cconst, 'String' ));   ker_inx = get( data.pu_kernel, 'Value' );   if ker_inx == 1,      ker = 'linear';   elseif ker_inx == 2;      ker = 'poly';   else       ker = 'rbf';   end   arg = str2num(get( data.ed_arg, 'String' ));      [Alpha,bias] = svm_train( data, trn, ker, arg, C );      % focus on the axes   axes( data.axes );      % Clear axes   clrchild( data.axes);      % get options   options.background = get( data.xb_background, 'Value');       % plot decision function   model.sv.X = trn.X;   model.sv.y = trn.I;   ppatterns(model.sv);    inx=find( Alpha ~= 0 );   model.sv.X = trn.X(:,inx);   model.sv.y = trn.I(:,inx);   model.Alpha = Alpha(:,inx)';   model.b = bias;   model.options.ker = ker;   model.options.arg = arg;   psvm( model, options );   %== Handler for Algorithm popup menu ==========================case 'algo_handler'   data=get(hfigure,'UserData');      % which algorithm ?   switch get(data.pu_algo, 'Value' )