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<BODY><PRE>#include <stdio.h>
#include "malloc.h"
#include <math.h>
#include "stdlib.h"
/* 全局變量 */
struct individual /* 個體*/
{
unsigned *chrom; /* 染色體 */
double fitness; /* 個體適應度*/
double varible; /* 個體對應的變量值*/
int xsite; /* 交叉位置 */
int parent[2]; /* 父個體 */
int *utility; /* 特定數據指針變量 */
};
struct bestever /* 最佳個體*/
{
unsigned *chrom; /* 最佳個體染色體*/
double fitness; /* 最佳個體適應度 */
double varible; /* 最佳個體對應的變量值 */
int generation; /* 最佳個體生成代 */
};
struct individual *oldpop; /* 當前代種群 */
struct individual *newpop; /* 新一代種群 */
struct bestever bestfit; /* 最佳個體 */
double sumfitness; /* 種群中個體適應度累計 */
double max; /* 種群中個體最大適應度 */
double avg; /* 種群中個體平均適應度 */
double min; /* 種群中個體最小適應度 */
float pcross; /* 交叉概率 */
float pmutation; /* 變異概率 */
int popsize; /* 種群大小 */
int lchrom; /* 染色體長度*/
int chromsize; /* 存儲一染色體所需字節數 */
int gen; /* 當前世代數 */
int maxgen; /* 最大世代數 */
int run; /* 當前運行次數 */
int maxruns; /* 總運行次數 */
int printstrings; /* 輸出染色體編碼的判斷，0 -- 不輸出, 1 -- 輸出 */
int nmutation; /* 當前代變異發生次數 */
int ncross; /* 當前代交叉發生次數 */
/* 隨機數發生器使用的靜態變量 */
static double oldrand[55];
static int jrand;
static double rndx2;
static int rndcalcflag;
/* 輸出文件指針 */
FILE *outfp ;
/* 函數定義 */
void advance_random();
int flip(float);rnd(int, int);
void randomize();
double randomnormaldeviate();
float randomperc(),rndreal(float,float);
void warmup_random(float);
void initialize(),initdata(),initpop();
void initreport(),generation(),initmalloc();
void freeall(),nomemory(char *),report();
void writepop(),writechrom(unsigned *);
void preselect();
void statistics(struct individual *);
void title(),repchar (FILE *,char *,int);
void skip(FILE *,int);
int select();
void objfunc(struct individual *);
int crossover (unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *, unsigned *);
void mutation(unsigned *);
void initialize() /* 遺傳算法初始化 */
{
/* 鍵盤輸入遺傳算法參數 */
initdata();
/* 確定染色體的字節長度 */
chromsize = (lchrom/(8*sizeof(unsigned)));
if(lchrom%(8*sizeof(unsigned))) chromsize++;
/*分配給全局數據結構空間 */
initmalloc();
/* 初始化隨機數發生器 */
randomize();
/* 初始化全局計數變量和一些數值*/
nmutation = 0;
ncross = 0;
bestfit.fitness = 0.0;
bestfit.generation = 0;
/* 初始化種群，并統計計算結果 */
initpop();
statistics(oldpop);
initreport();
}
void initdata() /* 遺傳算法參數輸入 */
{
char answer[2];
printf("種群大小(50-200)：");
scanf("%d", &popsize);
if((popsize%2) != 0)
{
printf( "種群大小已設置為偶數\n");
popsize++;
};
printf("染色體長度(64-1000)：");
scanf("%d", &lchrom);
printf("是否輸出染色體編碼(y/n)：");
printstrings=1;
scanf("%s", answer);
//if(strncmp(answer,"n",1) == 0) printstrings = 0;
printf("最大世代數(100-300)：");
scanf("%d", &maxgen);
printf("交叉率(0.2-0.99)：");
scanf("%f", &pcross);
printf("變異率(0.01-0.9)：");
scanf("%f", &pmutation);
}
void initpop() /* 隨機初始化種群 */
{
int j, j1, k, stop;
unsigned mask = 1;
for(j = 0; j < popsize; j++)
{
for(k = 0; k < chromsize; k++)
{
oldpop[j].chrom[k] = 0;
if(k == (chromsize-1))
stop = lchrom - (k*(8*sizeof(unsigned)));
else
stop =8*sizeof(unsigned);
for(j1 = 1; j1 <= stop; j1++)
{
oldpop[j].chrom[k] = oldpop[j].chrom[k]<<1;
if(flip(0.5))
oldpop[j].chrom[k] = oldpop[j].chrom[k]|mask;
}
}
oldpop[j].parent[0] = 0; /* 初始父個體信息 */
oldpop[j].parent[1] = 0;
oldpop[j].xsite = 0;
objfunc(&(oldpop[j])); /* 計算初始適應度*/
}
}
void initreport() /* 初始參數輸出 */
{
// void skip();
skip(outfp,1);
printf(" 基本遺傳算法參數\n");
printf(" -------------------------------------------------\n");
printf(" 種群大小(popsize) = %d\n",popsize);
printf(" 染色體長度(lchrom) = %d\n",lchrom);
printf(" 最大進化代數(maxgen) = %d\n",maxgen);
printf(" 交叉概率(pcross) = %f\n", pcross);
printf(" 變異概率(pmutation) = %f\n", pmutation);
printf(" -------------------------------------------------\n");
skip(outfp,1);
fflush(outfp);
}
void generation()
{
int mate1, mate2, jcross, j = 0;
/* 每代運算前進行預選 */
preselect();
/* 選擇, 交叉, 變異 */
do
{
/* 挑選交叉配對 */
mate1 = select();
mate2 = select();
/* 交叉和變異 */
jcross = crossover(oldpop[mate1].chrom, oldpop[mate2].chrom, newpop[j].chrom, newpop[j+1].chrom);
mutation(newpop[j].chrom);
mutation(newpop[j+1].chrom);
/* 解碼, 計算適應度 */
objfunc(&(newpop[j]));
/*記錄親子關系和交叉位置 */
newpop[j].parent[0] = mate1+1;
newpop[j].xsite = jcross;
newpop[j].parent[1] = mate2+1;
objfunc(&(newpop[j+1]));
newpop[j+1].parent[0] = mate1+1;
newpop[j+1].xsite = jcross;
newpop[j+1].parent[1] = mate2+1;
j = j + 2;
}
while(j < (popsize-1));
}
void initmalloc() /*為全局數據變量分配空間 */
{
unsigned nbytes;
//char *malloc();
int j;
/* 分配給當前代和新一代種群內存空間 */
nbytes = popsize*sizeof(struct individual);
if((oldpop = (struct individual *) malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
nomemory("oldpop");
if((newpop = (struct individual *) malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
nomemory("newpop");
/* 分配給染色體內存空間 */
nbytes = chromsize*sizeof(unsigned);
for(j = 0; j < popsize; j++)
{
if((oldpop[j].chrom = (unsigned *) malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
nomemory("oldpop chromosomes");
if((newpop[j].chrom = (unsigned *) malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
nomemory("newpop chromosomes");
}
if((bestfit.chrom = (unsigned *) malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
nomemory("bestfit chromosome");
}
void freeall() /* 釋放內存空間 */
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < popsize; i++)
{
free(oldpop[i].chrom);
free(newpop[i].chrom);
}
free(oldpop);
free(newpop);
free(bestfit.chrom);
}
void nomemory(char *string) /* 內存不足，退出*/
{
printf("malloc: out of memory making %s!!\n",string);
exit(-1);
}
void report() /* 輸出種群統計結果 */
{
//void repchar(), skip();
//void writepop(), writestats();
repchar(outfp,"-",80);
skip(outfp,1);
if(printstrings == 1)
{
repchar(outfp," ",((80-17)/2));
printf("模擬計算統計報告 \n");
printf( "世代數 %3d", gen);
repchar(outfp," ",(80-28));
printf( "世代數 %3d\n", (gen+1));
printf("個體 染色體編碼");
repchar(outfp," ",lchrom-5);
printf("適應度 父個體 交叉位置 ");
printf("染色體編碼 ");
repchar(outfp," ",lchrom-5);
printf("適應度\n");
repchar(outfp,"-",80);
skip(outfp,1);
// writepop(outfp);
repchar(outfp,"-",80);
skip(outfp,1);
}
printf("第 %d 代統計: \n",gen);
printf("總交叉操作次數 = %d, 總變異操作數 = %d\n",ncross,nmutation);
printf(" 最小適應度：%f 最大適應度：%f 平均適應度 %f\n", min,max,avg);
printf(" 迄今發現最佳個體 => 所在代數： %d ", bestfit.generation);
printf(" 適應度：%f 染色體：", bestfit.fitness);
writechrom((&bestfit)->chrom);
printf(" 對應的變量值: %f", bestfit.varible);
skip(outfp,1);
repchar(outfp,"-",80);
skip(outfp,1);
}
void writepop()
{
struct individual *pind;
int j;
for(j=0; j<popsize; j++)
{
printf("%3d) ",j+1);
/* 當前代個體 */
pind = &(oldpop[j]);
writechrom(pind->chrom);
printf(" %8f | ", pind->fitness);
/* 新一代個體 */
pind = &(newpop[j]);
printf("(%2d,%2d) %2d ",
pind->parent[0], pind->parent[1], pind->xsite);
writechrom(pind->chrom);
printf(" %8f\n", pind->fitness);
}
}
void writechrom(unsigned *chrom) /* 輸出染色體編碼 */
{
int j, k, stop;
unsigned mask = 1, tmp;
for(k = 0; k < chromsize; k++)
{
tmp = chrom[k];
if(k == (chromsize-1))
stop = lchrom - (k*(8*sizeof(unsigned)));
else
stop =8*sizeof(unsigned);
for(j = 0; j < stop; j++)
{
if(tmp&mask)
printf("1");
else
printf("0");
tmp = tmp>>1;
}
}
}
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