/* Long.java -- object wrapper for long   Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2005  Free Software Foundation, Inc.This file is part of GNU Classpath.GNU Classpath is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modifyit under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published bythe Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)any later version.GNU Classpath is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, butWITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty ofMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNUGeneral Public License for more details.You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public Licensealong with GNU Classpath; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to theFree Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA02110-1301 USA.Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules ismaking a combined work based on this library.  Thus, the terms andconditions of the GNU General Public License cover the wholecombination.As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give youpermission to link this library with independent modules to produce anexecutable, regardless of the license terms of these independentmodules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable underterms of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linkedindependent module, the terms and conditions of the license of thatmodule.  An independent module is a module which is not derived fromor based on this library.  If you modify this library, you may extendthis exception to your version of the library, but you are notobligated to do so.  If you do not wish to do so, delete thisexception statement from your version. */package java.lang;/** * Instances of class <code>Long</code> represent primitive * <code>long</code> values. * * Additionally, this class provides various helper functions and variables * related to longs. * * @author Paul Fisher * @author John Keiser * @author Warren Levy * @author Eric Blake (ebb9@email.byu.edu) * @since 1.0 * @status updated to 1.5 */public final class Long extends Number implements Comparable{  /**   * Compatible with JDK 1.0.2+.   */  private static final long serialVersionUID = 4290774380558885855L;  /**   * The minimum value a <code>long</code> can represent is   * -9223372036854775808L (or -2<sup>63</sup>).   */  public static final long MIN_VALUE = 0x8000000000000000L;  /**   * The maximum value a <code>long</code> can represent is   * 9223372036854775807 (or 2<sup>63</sup> - 1).   */  public static final long MAX_VALUE = 0x7fffffffffffffffL;  /**   * The primitive type <code>long</code> is represented by this   * <code>Class</code> object.   * @since 1.1   */  public static final Class TYPE = VMClassLoader.getPrimitiveClass ('J');  /**   * The number of bits needed to represent a <code>long</code>.   * @since 1.5   */  public static final int SIZE = 64;  /**   * The immutable value of this Long.   *   * @serial the wrapped long   */  private final long value;  /**   * Create a <code>Long</code> object representing the value of the   * <code>long</code> argument.   *   * @param value the value to use   */  public Long(long value)  {    this.value = value;  }  /**   * Create a <code>Long</code> object representing the value of the   * argument after conversion to a <code>long</code>.   *   * @param s the string to convert   * @throws NumberFormatException if the String does not contain a long   * @see #valueOf(String)   */  public Long(String s)  {    value = parseLong(s, 10, false);  }  /**   * Converts the <code>long</code> to a <code>String</code> using   * the specified radix (base). If the radix exceeds   * <code>Character.MIN_RADIX</code> or <code>Character.MAX_RADIX</code>, 10   * is used instead. If the result is negative, the leading character is   * '-' ('\\u002D'). The remaining characters come from   * <code>Character.forDigit(digit, radix)</code> ('0'-'9','a'-'z').   *   * @param num the <code>long</code> to convert to <code>String</code>   * @param radix the radix (base) to use in the conversion   * @return the <code>String</code> representation of the argument   */  public static String toString(long num, int radix)  {    // Use the Integer toString for efficiency if possible.    if ((int) num == num)      return Integer.toString((int) num, radix);    if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX || radix > Character.MAX_RADIX)      radix = 10;    // For negative numbers, print out the absolute value w/ a leading '-'.    // Use an array large enough for a binary number.    char[] buffer = new char[65];    int i = 65;    boolean isNeg = false;    if (num < 0)      {        isNeg = true;        num = -num;        // When the value is MIN_VALUE, it overflows when made positive        if (num < 0)	  {	    buffer[--i] = digits[(int) (-(num + radix) % radix)];	    num = -(num / radix);	  }      }    do      {        buffer[--i] = digits[(int) (num % radix)];        num /= radix;      }    while (num > 0);    if (isNeg)      buffer[--i] = '-';    // Package constructor avoids an array copy.    return new String(buffer, i, 65 - i, true);  }  /**   * Converts the <code>long</code> to a <code>String</code> assuming it is   * unsigned in base 16.   *   * @param l the <code>long</code> to convert to <code>String</code>   * @return the <code>String</code> representation of the argument   */  public static String toHexString(long l)  {    return toUnsignedString(l, 4);  }  /**   * Converts the <code>long</code> to a <code>String</code> assuming it is   * unsigned in base 8.   *   * @param l the <code>long</code> to convert to <code>String</code>   * @return the <code>String</code> representation of the argument   */  public static String toOctalString(long l)  {    return toUnsignedString(l, 3);  }  /**   * Converts the <code>long</code> to a <code>String</code> assuming it is   * unsigned in base 2.   *   * @param l the <code>long</code> to convert to <code>String</code>   * @return the <code>String</code> representation of the argument   */  public static String toBinaryString(long l)  {    return toUnsignedString(l, 1);  }  /**   * Converts the <code>long</code> to a <code>String</code> and assumes   * a radix of 10.   *   * @param num the <code>long</code> to convert to <code>String</code>   * @return the <code>String</code> representation of the argument   * @see #toString(long, int)   */  public static String toString(long num)  {    return toString(num, 10);  }  /**   * Converts the specified <code>String</code> into an <code>int</code>   * using the specified radix (base). The string must not be <code>null</code>   * or empty. It may begin with an optional '-', which will negate the answer,   * provided that there are also valid digits. Each digit is parsed as if by   * <code>Character.digit(d, radix)</code>, and must be in the range   * <code>0</code> to <code>radix - 1</code>. Finally, the result must be   * within <code>MIN_VALUE</code> to <code>MAX_VALUE</code>, inclusive.   * Unlike Double.parseDouble, you may not have a leading '+'; and 'l' or   * 'L' as the last character is only valid in radices 22 or greater, where   * it is a digit and not a type indicator.   *   * @param str the <code>String</code> to convert   * @param radix the radix (base) to use in the conversion   * @return the <code>String</code> argument converted to <code>long</code>   * @throws NumberFormatException if <code>s</code> cannot be parsed as a   *         <code>long</code>   */  public static long parseLong(String str, int radix)  {    return parseLong(str, radix, false);  }  /**   * Converts the specified <code>String</code> into a <code>long</code>.   * This function assumes a radix of 10.   *   * @param s the <code>String</code> to convert   * @return the <code>int</code> value of <code>s</code>   * @throws NumberFormatException if <code>s</code> cannot be parsed as a   *         <code>long</code>   * @see #parseLong(String, int)   */  public static long parseLong(String s)  {    return parseLong(s, 10, false);  }  /**   * Creates a new <code>Long</code> object using the <code>String</code>   * and specified radix (base).   *   * @param s the <code>String</code> to convert   * @param radix the radix (base) to convert with   * @return the new <code>Long</code>   * @throws NumberFormatException if <code>s</code> cannot be parsed as a   *         <code>long</code>   * @see #parseLong(String, int)   */  public static Long valueOf(String s, int radix)  {    return new Long(parseLong(s, radix, false));  }  /**   * Creates a new <code>Long</code> object using the <code>String</code>,   * assuming a radix of 10.   *   * @param s the <code>String</code> to convert   * @return the new <code>Long</code>   * @throws NumberFormatException if <code>s</code> cannot be parsed as a   *         <code>long</code>   * @see #Long(String)   * @see #parseLong(String)   */  public static Long valueOf(String s)  {    return new Long(parseLong(s, 10, false));  }  /**   * Returns a <code>Long</code> object wrapping the value.   *   * @param val the value to wrap   * @return the <code>Long</code>   *    * @since 1.5   */  public static synchronized Long valueOf(long val)  {    // We aren't required to cache here.  We could, though perhaps we    // ought to consider that as an empirical question.    return new Long(val);  }  /**   * Convert the specified <code>String</code> into a <code>Long</code>.   * The <code>String</code> may represent decimal, hexadecimal, or   * octal numbers.   *   * <p>The extended BNF grammar is as follows:<br>   * <pre>   * <em>DecodableString</em>:   *      ( [ <code>-</code> ] <em>DecimalNumber</em> )   *    | ( [ <code>-</code> ] ( <code>0x</code> | <code>0X</code>   *              | <code>#</code> ) <em>HexDigit</em> { <em>HexDigit</em> } )   *    | ( [ <code>-</code> ] <code>0</code> { <em>OctalDigit</em> } )   * <em>DecimalNumber</em>:   *        <em>DecimalDigit except '0'</em> { <em>DecimalDigit</em> }   * <em>DecimalDigit</em>:   *        <em>Character.digit(d, 10) has value 0 to 9</em>   * <em>OctalDigit</em>:   *        <em>Character.digit(d, 8) has value 0 to 7</em>   * <em>DecimalDigit</em>:   *        <em>Character.digit(d, 16) has value 0 to 15</em>   * </pre>   * Finally, the value must be in the range <code>MIN_VALUE</code> to   * <code>MAX_VALUE</code>, or an exception is thrown. Note that you cannot   * use a trailing 'l' or 'L', unlike in Java source code.   *   * @param str the <code>String</code> to interpret   * @return the value of the String as a <code>Long</code>   * @throws NumberFormatException if <code>s</code> cannot be parsed as a   *         <code>long</code>   * @throws NullPointerException if <code>s</code> is null   * @since 1.2   */  public static Long decode(String str)  {    return new Long(parseLong(str, 10, true));  }  /**   * Return the value of this <code>Long</code> as a <code>byte</code>.   *   * @return the byte value   */  public byte byteValue()  {    return (byte) value;  }  /**   * Return the value of this <code>Long</code> as a <code>short</code>.   *   * @return the short value   */  public short shortValue()  {    return (short) value;  }  /**   * Return the value of this <code>Long</code> as an <code>int</code>.   *   * @return the int value   */  public int intValue()  {    return (int) value;  }  /**   * Return the value of this <code>Long</code>.   *   * @return the long value   */  public long longValue()  {    return value;  }  /**   * Return the value of this <code>Long</code> as a <code>float</code>.