const D3DXMATRIX*  GetViewMatrix() const { return &m_mView; }
    const D3DXMATRIX*  GetProjMatrix() const { return &m_mProj; }
    const D3DXVECTOR3* GetEyePt() const      { return &m_vEye; }
    const D3DXVECTOR3* GetLookAtPt() const   { return &m_vLookAt; }
    float GetNearClip() const { return m_fNearPlane; }
    float GetFarClip() const { return m_fFarPlane; }

    bool IsBeingDragged() const         { return (m_bMouseLButtonDown || m_bMouseMButtonDown || m_bMouseRButtonDown); }
    bool IsMouseLButtonDown() const     { return m_bMouseLButtonDown; } 
    bool IsMouseMButtonDown() const     { return m_bMouseMButtonDown; } 
    bool IsMouseRButtonDown() const     { return m_bMouseRButtonDown; } 

protected:
    // Functions to map a WM_KEYDOWN key to a D3DUtil_CameraKeys enum
    virtual D3DUtil_CameraKeys MapKey( UINT nKey );    
    bool IsKeyDown( BYTE key ) const { return( (key & KEY_IS_DOWN_MASK) == KEY_IS_DOWN_MASK ); }
    bool WasKeyDown( BYTE key ) const { return( (key & KEY_WAS_DOWN_MASK) == KEY_WAS_DOWN_MASK ); }

    void ConstrainToBoundary( D3DXVECTOR3* pV );
    void UpdateVelocity( float fElapsedTime );
    void GetInput( bool bGetKeyboardInput, bool bGetMouseInput, bool bGetGamepadInput, bool bResetCursorAfterMove );

    D3DXMATRIX            m_mView;              // View matrix 
    D3DXMATRIX            m_mProj;              // Projection matrix

    DXUT_GAMEPAD          m_GamePad[DXUT_MAX_CONTROLLERS]; // XInput controller state
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vGamePadLeftThumb;
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vGamePadRightThumb;
    double                m_GamePadLastActive[DXUT_MAX_CONTROLLERS];

    int                   m_cKeysDown;            // Number of camera keys that are down.
    BYTE                  m_aKeys[CAM_MAX_KEYS];  // State of input - KEY_WAS_DOWN_MASK|KEY_IS_DOWN_MASK
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vKeyboardDirection;   // Direction vector of keyboard input
    POINT                 m_ptLastMousePosition;  // Last absolute position of mouse cursor
    bool                  m_bMouseLButtonDown;    // True if left button is down 
    bool                  m_bMouseMButtonDown;    // True if middle button is down 
    bool                  m_bMouseRButtonDown;    // True if right button is down 
    int                   m_nCurrentButtonMask;   // mask of which buttons are down
    int                   m_nMouseWheelDelta;     // Amount of middle wheel scroll (+/-) 
    D3DXVECTOR2           m_vMouseDelta;          // Mouse relative delta smoothed over a few frames
    float                 m_fFramesToSmoothMouseData; // Number of frames to smooth mouse data over

    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vDefaultEye;          // Default camera eye position
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vDefaultLookAt;       // Default LookAt position
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vEye;                 // Camera eye position
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vLookAt;              // LookAt position
    float                 m_fCameraYawAngle;      // Yaw angle of camera
    float                 m_fCameraPitchAngle;    // Pitch angle of camera

    RECT                  m_rcDrag;               // Rectangle within which a drag can be initiated.
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vVelocity;            // Velocity of camera
    bool                  m_bMovementDrag;        // If true, then camera movement will slow to a stop otherwise movement is instant
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vVelocityDrag;        // Velocity drag force
    FLOAT                 m_fDragTimer;           // Countdown timer to apply drag
    FLOAT                 m_fTotalDragTimeToZero; // Time it takes for velocity to go from full to 0
    D3DXVECTOR2           m_vRotVelocity;         // Velocity of camera

    float                 m_fFOV;                 // Field of view
    float                 m_fAspect;              // Aspect ratio
    float                 m_fNearPlane;           // Near plane
    float                 m_fFarPlane;            // Far plane

    float                 m_fRotationScaler;      // Scaler for rotation
    float                 m_fMoveScaler;          // Scaler for movement

    bool                  m_bInvertPitch;         // Invert the pitch axis
    bool                  m_bEnablePositionMovement; // If true, then the user can translate the camera/model 
    bool                  m_bEnableYAxisMovement; // If true, then camera can move in the y-axis

    bool                  m_bClipToBoundary;      // If true, then the camera will be clipped to the boundary
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vMinBoundary;         // Min point in clip boundary
    D3DXVECTOR3           m_vMaxBoundary;         // Max point in clip boundary
};


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Simple first person camera class that moves and rotates.
//       It allows yaw and pitch but not roll.  It uses WM_KEYDOWN and 
//       GetCursorPos() to respond to keyboard and mouse input and updates the 
//       view matrix based on input.  
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CFirstPersonCamera : public CBaseCamera
{
public:
    CFirstPersonCamera();

    // Call these from client and use Get*Matrix() to read new matrices
    virtual void FrameMove( FLOAT fElapsedTime );

    // Functions to change behavior
    void SetRotateButtons( bool bLeft, bool bMiddle, bool bRight, bool bRotateWithoutButtonDown = false );

    void SetResetCursorAfterMove( bool bResetCursorAfterMove ) { m_bResetCursorAfterMove = bResetCursorAfterMove; }

    // Functions to get state
    D3DXMATRIX*  GetWorldMatrix()            { return &m_mCameraWorld; }

    const D3DXVECTOR3* GetWorldRight() const { return (D3DXVECTOR3*)&m_mCameraWorld._11; } 
    const D3DXVECTOR3* GetWorldUp() const    { return (D3DXVECTOR3*)&m_mCameraWorld._21; }
    const D3DXVECTOR3* GetWorldAhead() const { return (D3DXVECTOR3*)&m_mCameraWorld._31; }
    const D3DXVECTOR3* GetEyePt() const      { return (D3DXVECTOR3*)&m_mCameraWorld._41; }

protected:
    D3DXMATRIX m_mCameraWorld;       // World matrix of the camera (inverse of the view matrix)

    int        m_nActiveButtonMask;  // Mask to determine which button to enable for rotation
    bool       m_bRotateWithoutButtonDown;

    bool       m_bResetCursorAfterMove;// If true, the class will reset the cursor position so that the cursor always has space to move 
};


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Simple model viewing camera class that rotates around the object.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CModelViewerCamera : public CBaseCamera
{
public:
    CModelViewerCamera();

    // Call these from client and use Get*Matrix() to read new matrices
    virtual LRESULT HandleMessages( HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam );
    virtual void FrameMove( FLOAT fElapsedTime );

   
    // Functions to change behavior
    virtual void SetDragRect( RECT &rc );
    void Reset(); 
    void SetViewParams( D3DXVECTOR3* pvEyePt, D3DXVECTOR3* pvLookatPt );
    void SetButtonMasks( int nRotateModelButtonMask = MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON, int nZoomButtonMask = MOUSE_WHEEL, int nRotateCameraButtonMask = MOUSE_RIGHT_BUTTON ) { m_nRotateModelButtonMask = nRotateModelButtonMask, m_nZoomButtonMask = nZoomButtonMask; m_nRotateCameraButtonMask = nRotateCameraButtonMask; }
    
    void SetAttachCameraToModel( bool bEnable = false ) { m_bAttachCameraToModel = bEnable; }
    void SetWindow( int nWidth, int nHeight, float fArcballRadius=0.9f ) { m_WorldArcBall.SetWindow( nWidth, nHeight, fArcballRadius ); m_ViewArcBall.SetWindow( nWidth, nHeight, fArcballRadius ); }
    void SetRadius( float fDefaultRadius=5.0f, float fMinRadius=1.0f, float fMaxRadius=FLT_MAX  ) { m_fDefaultRadius = m_fRadius = fDefaultRadius; m_fMinRadius = fMinRadius; m_fMaxRadius = fMaxRadius; m_bDragSinceLastUpdate = true; }
    void SetModelCenter( D3DXVECTOR3 vModelCenter ) { m_vModelCenter = vModelCenter; }
    void SetLimitPitch( bool bLimitPitch ) { m_bLimitPitch = bLimitPitch; }
    void SetViewQuat( D3DXQUATERNION q ) { m_ViewArcBall.SetQuatNow( q ); m_bDragSinceLastUpdate = true; }
    void SetWorldQuat( D3DXQUATERNION q ) { m_WorldArcBall.SetQuatNow( q ); m_bDragSinceLastUpdate = true; }

    // Functions to get state
    const D3DXMATRIX* GetWorldMatrix() const { return &m_mWorld; }
    void SetWorldMatrix( D3DXMATRIX &mWorld ) { m_mWorld = mWorld; m_bDragSinceLastUpdate = true; }

protected:
    CD3DArcBall  m_WorldArcBall;
    CD3DArcBall  m_ViewArcBall;
    D3DXVECTOR3  m_vModelCenter;
    D3DXMATRIX   m_mModelLastRot;        // Last arcball rotation matrix for model 
    D3DXMATRIX   m_mModelRot;            // Rotation matrix of model
    D3DXMATRIX   m_mWorld;               // World matrix of model

    int          m_nRotateModelButtonMask;
    int          m_nZoomButtonMask;
    int          m_nRotateCameraButtonMask;

    bool         m_bAttachCameraToModel;
    bool         m_bLimitPitch;
    float        m_fRadius;              // Distance from the camera to model 
    float        m_fDefaultRadius;       // Distance from the camera to model 
    float        m_fMinRadius;           // Min radius
    float        m_fMaxRadius;           // Max radius
    bool         m_bDragSinceLastUpdate; // True if mouse drag has happened since last time FrameMove is called.

    D3DXMATRIX   m_mCameraRotLast;

};


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Manages the intertion point when drawing text
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CDXUTTextHelper
{
public:
    CDXUTTextHelper( ID3DXFont* pFont, ID3DXSprite* pSprite, int nLineHeight );

    void SetInsertionPos( int x, int y ) { m_pt.x = x; m_pt.y = y; }
    void SetForegroundColor( D3DXCOLOR clr ) { m_clr = clr; }

    void Begin();
    HRESULT DrawFormattedTextLine( const WCHAR* strMsg, ... );
    HRESULT DrawTextLine( const WCHAR* strMsg );
    HRESULT DrawFormattedTextLine( RECT &rc, DWORD dwFlags, const WCHAR* strMsg, ... );
    HRESULT DrawTextLine( RECT &rc, DWORD dwFlags, const WCHAR* strMsg );
    void End();

protected:
    ID3DXFont*   m_pFont;
    ID3DXSprite* m_pSprite;
    D3DXCOLOR    m_clr;
    POINT        m_pt;
    int          m_nLineHeight;
};


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Manages a persistent list of lines and draws them using ID3DXLine
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CDXUTLineManager
{
public:
    CDXUTLineManager();
    ~CDXUTLineManager();

    HRESULT OnCreatedDevice( IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice );
    HRESULT OnResetDevice();
    HRESULT OnRender();
    HRESULT OnLostDevice();
    HRESULT OnDeletedDevice();

    HRESULT AddLine( int* pnLineID, D3DXVECTOR2* pVertexList, DWORD dwVertexListCount, D3DCOLOR Color, float fWidth, float fScaleRatio, bool bAntiAlias );
    HRESULT AddRect( int* pnLineID, RECT rc, D3DCOLOR Color, float fWidth, float fScaleRatio, bool bAntiAlias );
    HRESULT RemoveLine( int nLineID );
    HRESULT RemoveAllLines();

protected:
    struct LINE_NODE
    {
        int      nLineID;
        D3DCOLOR Color;
        float    fWidth;
        bool     bAntiAlias;
        float    fScaleRatio;
        D3DXVECTOR2* pVertexList;
        DWORD    dwVertexListCount;
    };

    CGrowableArray<LINE_NODE*> m_LinesList;
    IDirect3DDevice9* m_pd3dDevice;
    ID3DXLine* m_pD3DXLine;
};


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Manages the mesh, direction, mouse events of a directional arrow that 
// rotates around a radius controlled by an arcball 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class CDXUTDirectionWidget
{
public:
    CDXUTDirectionWidget();

    static HRESULT StaticOnCreateDevice( IDirect3DDevice9* pd3dDevice );
    HRESULT OnResetDevice( const D3DSURFACE_DESC* pBackBufferSurfaceDesc );
    HRESULT OnRender( D3DXCOLOR color, const D3DXMATRIX* pmView, const D3DXMATRIX* pmProj, const D3DXVECTOR3* pEyePt );
    LRESULT HandleMessages( HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam );
    static void StaticOnLostDevice();
    static void StaticOnDestroyDevice();

    D3DXVECTOR3 GetLightDirection()         { return m_vCurrentDir; };
    void        SetLightDirection( D3DXVECTOR3 vDir ) { m_vDefaultDir = m_vCurrentDir = vDir; };
    void        SetButtonMask( int nRotate = MOUSE_RIGHT_BUTTON ) { m_nRotateMask = nRotate; }

    float GetRadius()                 { return m_fRadius; };
    void  SetRadius( float fRadius )  { m_fRadius = fRadius; };

    bool  IsBeingDragged() { return m_ArcBall.IsBeingDragged(); };

protected:
    HRESULT UpdateLightDir();

    D3DXMATRIXA16  m_mRot;
    D3DXMATRIXA16  m_mRotSnapshot;
    static IDirect3DDevice9* s_pd3dDevice;
    static ID3DXEffect* s_pEffect;       
    static ID3DXMesh*   s_pMesh;    

    float          m_fRadius;
    int            m_nRotateMask;
    CD3DArcBall    m_ArcBall;
    D3DXVECTOR3    m_vDefaultDir;
    D3DXVECTOR3    m_vCurrentDir;
    D3DXMATRIX     m_mView;
};


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Shared code for samples to ask user if they want to use a REF device or quit
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void DXUTDisplaySwitchingToREFWarning();

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Tries to finds a media file by searching in common locations
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT DXUTFindDXSDKMediaFileCch( WCHAR* strDestPath, int cchDest, LPCWSTR strFilename );
HRESULT DXUTSetMediaSearchPath( LPCWSTR strPath );
LPCWSTR DXUTGetMediaSearchPath();


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Returns the string for the given D3DFORMAT.
//       bWithPrefix determines whether the string should include the "D3DFMT_"
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LPCWSTR DXUTD3DFormatToString( D3DFORMAT format, bool bWithPrefix );


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Returns a view matrix for rendering to a face of a cubemap.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D3DXMATRIX DXUTGetCubeMapViewMatrix( DWORD dwFace );


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Helper function to launch the Media Center UI after the program terminates
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool DXUTReLaunchMediaCenter();


//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Debug printing support
// See dxerr.h for more debug printing support
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void DXUTOutputDebugStringW( LPCWSTR strMsg, ... );
void DXUTOutputDebugStringA( LPCSTR strMsg, ... );
HRESULT WINAPI DXUTTrace( const CHAR* strFile, DWORD dwLine, HRESULT hr, const WCHAR* strMsg, bool bPopMsgBox );
void DXUTTraceDecl( D3DVERTEXELEMENT9 decl[MAX_FVF_DECL_SIZE] );
WCHAR* DXUTTraceD3DDECLUSAGEtoString( BYTE u );
WCHAR* DXUTTraceD3DDECLMETHODtoString( BYTE m );
WCHAR* DXUTTraceD3DDECLTYPEtoString( BYTE t );

#ifdef UNICODE
#define DXUTOutputDebugString DXUTOutputDebugStringW
#else
#define DXUTOutputDebugString DXUTOutputDebugStringA
#endif

// These macros are very similar to dxerr's but it special cases the HRESULT defined
// by DXUT to pop better message boxes. 
#if defined(DEBUG) || defined(_DEBUG)
#define DXUT_ERR(str,hr)           DXUTTrace( __FILE__, (DWORD)__LINE__, hr, str, false )
#define DXUT_ERR_MSGBOX(str,hr)    DXUTTrace( __FILE__, (DWORD)__LINE__, hr, str, true )
#define DXUTTRACE                  DXUTOutputDebugString
#else
#define DXUT_ERR(str,hr)           (hr)
#define DXUT_ERR_MSGBOX(str,hr)    (hr)