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<html><head><title>Linux kernel driver for Toshiba T6963C controller based LCDs</title></head><body><h1> LINUX KERNEL DRIVER FOR TOSHIBA T6963C CONTROLLER BASED LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS</h1>(C) 1999-2002 by Alexander Frink(<a href="mailto:Alexander.Frink@Uni-Mainz.DE">Alexander.Frink@Uni-Mainz.DE</a>)<hr>VERSION 0.1.1, 10 Mar 2002 (Documentation update)<p><h2>WARNING:</h2><ol><li>THIS IS ALPHA SOFTWARE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!</li><li>Since I am currently busy with my job, further development ison hold and support is limited.</li><li>Do not buy a display just because this driver seems to exist.It is tested on one (1) device only.</li><li>You must not be afraid using a soldering iron.</li><li>Knowledge of the Toshiba T6963C controller helps.</li><li>Knowledge of the Linux kernel helps.</li></ol><h2>DISCLAIMER</h2><BLOCKQUOTE><I> These programs are provided "as is" and come without any warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to fitness for a particular purpose or a particular system. In no case shall the author be liable for any damage or unwanted behavior of any computer hardware and/or software, including but not limited to data loss or time spent to recover your system. Do not test this program on your production machines without a backup you know you can restore!</I></BLOCKQUOTE><h2>INTRODUCTION</h2>This is the first release of a Linux kernel driver for LCDs withthe Toshiba T6963C controller which can be easily attached to theparaellel port. Unlike other drivers for other controllers, it does not act as a rather dumb character device which accepts lines of input, but a as fully featured console driver, which means you get a login prompt, can run Emacs orncurses based applications on it. You see all boot and shutdownmessages up to "Restarting system" (which you hardly can see afterthe "Rebooting..." message). It can be used as a replacementfor the VGA card or as a "dual head" graphics card.<h2>LICENSE</h2>The driver is, of course, available under the GNU General PublicLicense, which should be included in this package. It is based onthe original Linux kernel console drivers for VGA and Herculescards (main authors Linus Torvalds, Jay Estabrook, Geert Uytterhoeven,Martin Mares, Patrick Caulfield and Andrew Apted) and a DOS programto access T6963C based displays by John P. Beale.<h2>SUPPORTED HARDWARE</h2>This driver is written for a 240x128 graphics LCD manufacturedby Nan Ya (NLC-240x128) with a Toshiba T6963C controller. I purchasedthe display in summer 1999 at<a href="http://www.conrad.de">Conrad Electronic</a>, but it doesnot seem available there now. It should work with any display witha T6963C controller, but the display resolution (40x16 text modewith 6x8 pixel characters) is currently hard coded in the driver(but should be easily adjustable).<h2>HARDWARE INSTALLATION</h2>The display must be attached to the parallel printer port witha self-made cable. The actual pin layout may depend on your displayMine was similar, but not identical, to the layout described in <a href="http://www.best.com/~beale/measure/source/lcdtest.c">http://www.best.com/~beale/measure/source/lcdtest.c</a>.Therefore I do not list the pin numbering on the T6963C side.These are the most important connections:<center><table border><tr><td><b>Toshiba T6963C</b></td> <td><b>Parallel Port</b></td></tr><tr><td>D0-D7</td> <td>D0-D7 (Pin 2-9)</td></tr><tr><td>C/D</td> <td>/SEL (Pin 17)</td></tr><tr><td>/WR</td> <td>Init (Pin 16)</td></tr><tr><td>/RD</td> <td>/LF (Pin 14)</td></tr><tr><td>/CE</td> <td>/Strobe (Pin 1)</td></tr></table></center><ul><li>Do not care about active high or low above, just connect the pins.</li><li>Voltage supply and ground depends on your model. You need an externalsource for +5V and possibly for display contrast. Also the backlightneeds some supply.</li><li>Probably a pin allows you to select 6x8 or 8x8 pixel characters(FS, font select). This must be set to 6x8!</li><li>My display runs fine without ever connecting the Reset pin. This is notclear from the documentation of the controller. Unfortunately theparallel port has only 12 bits which are needed for D0-D7, C/D, /WR,/RD and /CE, so there is no easy possibility to programmatically reset the display. It might be possible with some logic IC combiningthe output of /RD and /WR, but this is not included in the driver.</li></ul>Before installing the Linux driver, please test and try to access thedisplay with the DOS program found in <a href="http://www.best.com/~beale/measure/source">http://www.best.com/~beale/measure/source/lcdtest.c</a>.Play with different BIOS settings for the parallel port. My displayruns with EPP. Please do not contact me when you seem to have hardwareproblems. I am a theoretical physicist and left the hardware part toa friend.<h2>SOFTWARE INSTALLATION</h2>The driver can be used as the primary display which replaces theVGA card or as a secondary "dual head" graphics card. In the lattercase it can be loaded as a module. The driver was developed and tested with kernel version 2.2.10. It is not possible to use itwith 2.0.x kernels, since the console driver interface has changed.The driver consists of the following files:<center><table border><tr><td><tt><b>File</b></tt></td> <td><b>Description</b></td></tr><tr><td><tt>README.html</tt></td> <td>this file</td></tr><tr><td><tt>LICENSE</tt></td> <td>GNU General Public License</td></tr><tr><td><tt>vgacon_lcd.c</tt></td> <td>driver for primary display</td></tr><tr><td><tt>mdacon_lcd.c</tt></td> <td>driver for secondary display</td></tr><tr><td><tt>font_6x8.c</tt></td> <td>common font file</td></tr></table></center>Copy the <tt>.c</tt> files to <tt>/usr/src/linux/drivers/video</tt>.If your display is not 40x16 (240x128 pixel graphics mode), adjustthe lines<pre>#define LCD_NUM_COLUMNS 40#define LCD_NUM_LINES 16</pre>in <tt>vgacon_lcd.c</tt> and <tt>mdacon_lcd.c</tt>. If you are planningto attach the display to a port other than LPT1 based at 0x378, adjust<pre> lcd_data_port = 0x378;</pre>in these files as well.<h3>PRIMARY DISPLAY</h3>If you want to use the LCD as the primary display instead of the VGAcard, delete the <tt>vgacon.c</tt> file and rename the<tt>vgacon_lcd.c</tt> file to <tt>vgacon.c</tt>.Recompile the kernel, install it, boot the system. If everythingis working correctly, you should see all boot messages <b>after</b>the LILO messages and get a login prompt. You can switch to othervirtual consoles with <tt>Alt-Fn</tt>. Good luck!<h3>SECONDARY DISPLAY</h3>To use the LCD as a secondary dual head display, replace the<tt>mdacon.c</tt> with <tt>mdacon_lcd.c</tt>. Then start yourpreferred kernel config program (e.g. <tt>make xconfig</tt>),enable "Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers"under "Code maturity level options" and then choose Yes or Modulefor the "MDA text console (dual headed)" driver under "Console drivers"(or set <tt>CONFIG_MDA_CONSOLE</tt> in <tt>.config</tt> properly).Recompile the kernel, install it, boot the system (or say<tt>insmod mdacon</tt> if you compiled a module). If everythingis working correctly, you can switch to a console on tty13-16with <tt>AltGr-F1</tt> to <tt>AltGr-F4</tt>, but there is nologin prompt yet since no getty is running. Please refer to<a href="http://www.cix.co.uk/~tykepenguin/mdafaq-1.html#ss1.3">http://www.cix.co.uk/~tykepenguin/mdafaq-1.html#ss1.3</a>. Good luck!<h2>THINGS TO DO</h2><ul><li>Test the influence on the system since <tt>inb_p</tt> and<tt>outb_p</tt> commands might block the system for a longer time.I could not find any documentation about Linux console driversand if I am allowed to do time intensive things there. Is kernelcode preempted?</li><li>More comfortable installation, not by overwriting VGA and MDA files.</li><li>Flexible support for displays with different resolution.</li><li>Choice of parallel port.</li><li>Merge the duplicated code in <tt>mdacon_lcd.c</tt> and <tt>vgacon_lcd.c</tt>again.</li><li>More complete documentation.</li></ul><h2>UPDATES OF THIS DRIVER</h2>Since I am currently very busy with my job, this driver currently has a low priority for me. Updates will mainly be basedon feedback by other users. Please send patches to <a href="mailto:Alexander.Frink@Uni-Mainz.DE">Alexander.Frink@Uni-Mainz.DE</a>.New releases can then be downloaded from<a href="http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~frink/linux.html">http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~frink/linux.html</a>.Other requests and suggestions might take longer to be included.<h2>SOME LINKS</h2><ul><li><a href="http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_lawther/t6963c.htm">http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/steve_lawther/t6963c.htm</a>(T6963C Info)</li><li><a href="http://www.best.com/~beale/measure/source">http://www.best.com/~beale/measure/source</a>(DOS program for T6963C, part of this distribution)</li><li><a href="http://www.microelect.com/links.htm">http://www.microelect.com/links.htm</a>(LCD Controllers Information and Links)</li><li><a href="http://lcdproc.omnipotent.net">http://lcdproc.omnipotent.net</a>(LCDproc Linux LCD display driver)</li><li><a href="http://www.linux-magazin.de/ausgabe/1999/08/LCD/lcd.html">http://www.linux-magazin.de/ausgabe/1999/08/LCD/lcd.html</a>(HD44780 under Linux)</li><li><a href="http://www.eio.com/lcdintro.htm">http://www.eio.com/lcdintro.htm</a>(LCD Intro)</li><li><a href="http://www.cix.co.uk/~tykepenguin/mdacon.html">http://www.cix.co.uk/~tykepenguin/mdacon.html</a>(Hercules driver)</li></ul>?? 快捷鍵說明
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