?? builtins.ps
字號:
%%BeginPageSetupBP%%EndPageSetup/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.219(NA)72 84 S(ME).219 E F0 1.325(bash, :, ., [, alias, bg, bind, break, b)108 96 R 1.325(uiltin, caller)-.2 F 3.825(,c)-.4 G 1.324(d, command, compgen, complete, compopt, continue,)-3.825 F .903(declare, dirs, diso)108 108 R .903(wn, echo, enable, e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .904(l, e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .904(c, e).15 F .904(xit, e)-.15 F.904(xport, f)-.15 F .904(alse, fc, fg, getopts, hash, help, history)-.1F 3.404(,j)-.65 G(obs,)-3.404 E .133(kill, let, local, logout, map\214l\e, popd, printf, pushd, pwd, read, readonly)108 120 R 2.633(,r)-.65 G.133(eturn, set, shift, shopt, source, sus-)-2.633 F .279(pend, test, t\imes, trap, true, type, typeset, ulimit, umask, unalias, unset, w)108132 R .279(ait \255 bash b)-.1 F .279(uilt-in commands, see)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)108 144 Q F0(\(1\))A F1 -.329(BA)72 160.8 S(SH B).329 E(UIL)-.11 E(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 172.8 R .062(uiltin command documen\ted in this section as accepting options preceded by)-.2 F F2<ad>108184.8 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F2<adad>2.533 E F0 .034(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F2(:)2.534 E F0(,)A F2(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F2(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 EF2(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and).2 F .078(do not treat)108 196.8 R F2<adad>2.577 E F0(specially)2.577 E5.077(.T)-.65 G(he)-5.077 E F2(exit)2.577 E F0(,)A F2(logout)2.577 E F0(,)A F2(br)2.577 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F2(continue)2.577 E F0(,)A F2(let)2.577 E F0 2.577(,a)C(nd)-2.577 E F2(shift)2.577 E F0 -.2(bu)2.577 G.077(iltins accept and process ar).2 F(gu-)-.18 E .319(ments be)108208.8 R .319(ginning with)-.15 F F2<ad>2.819 E F0 .319(without requiring)2.819 F F2<adad>2.819 E F0 5.319(.O)C .319(ther b)-5.319 F .319(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .32(guments b)-.18 F .32(ut are not speci\214ed as)-.2 F 1.144(accepting options interpret ar)108 220.8 R 1.144(guments be)-.18 F 1.144(ginning with)-.15 F F2<ad>3.643 E F0 1.143(as in)3.643 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.143(lid options and require).25 F F2<adad>3.643 E F0 1.143(to pre)3.643 F-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.143(nt this).15 F(interpretation.)108 232.8 Q F2(:)108250.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A.451(No ef)144 262.8 R .451(fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F.452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding)-.15 E F3(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F 2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. A)144 274.8 R(zero e)2.5 E(xit code is returned.)-.15 EF2(.)110.5 291.6 Q F3(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37E F0(])A F2(sour)108 303.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 315.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G1.02(cute commands from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02(in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F(xit)-.15 E 1.68(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G1.68(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F3(\214lename)6.09 E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 EF0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F3 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982(\214le is found in)144 363.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F2(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F2(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144375.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F(y)-.15 E F3(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F3(\214lename)144 387.6 Q F0 .342(is e)2.842 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.842(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .342(the positional parameters are unchanged.)2.842 F .341(The return status is the)5.341 F .716(status of the last command e)144 399.6 R .716(xited within the script \(0 if no commands are e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G.716(cuted\), and f).15 F .716(alse if)-.1 F F3(\214lename)145.91 411.6Q F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F2(alias)108 428.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F3(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F3(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2(Alias)144 440.4 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724(guments or with the)-.18 F F2<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F2(alias)5.224 EF3(name)144 452.4 Q F0(=)A F3(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F.58(When ar)5.58 F .58(guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F3(name)3.08 E F0(whose)144 464.4 Q F3(value)2.895 E F0 .395(is gi)2.895 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.895(n. A).15 F .395(trailing space in)2.895 F F3(value)5.395 E F0 .395(causes the ne)2.895 F .395(xt w)-.15 F .395(ord to be check)-.1 F .395(ed for alias sub-)-.1 F .054(stitution when the alias is e)144 476.4 R 2.554(xpanded. F)-.15 F .054(or each)-.15 F F3(name)2.554 E F0 .054(in the ar)2.554 F .054(gument list for which no)-.18 F F3(value)2.554 E F0 .054(is sup-)2.554F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 488.4 R 1.314(alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F2(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314(returns true unless a)3.814 F F3(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E(which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 500.4 Q F2(bg)108 517.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E .744(Resume each suspended job)144529.2 R F3(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F2(&)3.245 EF0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F3(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 541.2 Q F0 .672(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the)-3.172 F F3(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F2(bg)5.671 E F3(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418(when job control is disabled or)144 553.2 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F3(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 565.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1E F2(bind)108 582 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F02.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 594 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad71>-2.5 E F3(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F3(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)CF2<ad72>-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 606 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad66>2.5 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F2(bind)108 618 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2<ad78>2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3(shell\255command)A F2(bind)108 630 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3(function\255name)A F2(bind)108 642 Q F3 -.37(re)2.5 G(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 654 R F2 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238(equence to a).15 F F2 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or)2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 666 R F2 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 EF0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F3(.inputr)144 678 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5(re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 690 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E.3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6d>144 702Q F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 714 Q F3 -.1(ke)5.158 G(ymap)-.2E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.659(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E F3 -.1(ke)180 726 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F3 3.193(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192(d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 EF0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(1)203.725 E 0 Cg EP%%Page: 2 2%%BeginPageSetupBP%%EndPageSetup/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(vi\255command)180 84 Q F0 4.429(,a)C(nd)-4.429 E F1(vi\255insert)4.429 E F0(.).68 E F1(vi)6.929 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F-.25(va)-.25 G 1.929(lent to).25 F F1(vi\255command)4.429 E F0(;)A F1(emacs)4.429 E F0 1.929(is equi)4.429 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.93(lent to).25F F1(emacs\255standar)180 96 Q(d)-.37 E F0(.)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>144 108 Q F0(List the names of all)27.52 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(functions.)2.5 E F2<ad70>144 120 Q F0(Display)24.74 EF2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings in such a w)2.5 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2<ad50>144 132 Q F0(List current)24.19 EF2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0(function names and bindings.)2.5 E F2<ad73>144 144 Q F0(Display)26.41 E F2 -.18(re)3.655 G(adline).18 E F0-.1(ke)3.655 G 3.655(ys)-.05 G 1.155(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-3.655 F 3.655(yo)-.15 G1.155(utput in such a)-3.655 F -.1(wa)180 156 S 2.5(yt).1 G(hat the)-2.5E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2<ad53>144 168 Q F0(Display)24.74E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(ys)-.05 G(equences bound to macros and the strings the)-2.5 E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(utput.)-2.5 E F2<ad76>144 180 Q F0(Display)25.3 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E(alues in such a w)-.25 E(ay that the)-.1 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G(an be re-read.)-2.5 E F2<ad56>144 192 Q F0(List current)23.08 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.5 G(riable names and v).25 E(alues.)-.25 E F2<ad66>144 204 Q F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0(Read k)180 216 Q .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings from).15 E F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<ad71>144228 Q F1(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 240 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G2.5(si).15 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.5 H .2 -.1(ke t).4 H(he named).1 E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<ad75>144 252 Q F1(function)2.5 E F0(Unbind all k)180 264 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sb).15 G(ound to the named)-2.5 E F1(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F2<ad72>144 276 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(Remo)180 288 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 -.15(ny c).15 H(urrent binding for).15 E F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(.)A F2<ad78>144300 Q F1 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F2(:)A F1(shell\255command)A F0(Cause)180 312 Q F1(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E F1 -.1(ke)4.325 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F(When)6.825 E F1(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 324 Q F0 1.765(is e)4.265 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE_LINE)4.265 E F0 -.25(va)4.015 G 1.765(riable to the contents of the).25 F F2-.18(re)180 336 S(adline).18 E F0 1.353(line b)3.852 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353(fer and the)-.25 F F3(READLINE_POINT)3.853 E F0 -.25(va)3.603 G 1.353(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.012(insertion point.)180348 R 2.011(If the e)7.012 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011(cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F3(READLINE_LINE)4.511 E F0(or)4.261 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 360 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E(The return v)144 376.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5E F2(br)108 393.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .054(Exit from within a)144 405.6 R F2 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F2(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F2(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F2(select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F1(n)2.555 E F0 .055(is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F1(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E F1(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F5 10/Symbol SF<b3>2.555E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 417.6 Q F1(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.955 F 2.714(xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144429.6 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F2 -.2(bu)108 446.4 S(iltin).2 E F1(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 EF1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 458.4 Q .792(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F1(ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616(when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144470.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144482.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F2(cd)3.07 E F0-.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 494.4 Q(alse if)-.1E F1(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E(uiltin command.)-.2 E F2(caller)108 511.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 523.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254(ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G.254(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F2(sour)144 535.2 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F1 -.2(ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.824 E F0 .324(displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F.254(subroutine call.)144 547.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15F F1 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.753 E F0 .253(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ent e)144 559.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001(This e)144 571.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E3.019(0. The)144 583.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F1 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 595.2 Q(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F2(cd)108 612 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F2<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F2<ad65>A F0(]]] [)A F1(dir)A F0(])A .21(Change the current directory to)144 624 R F1(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21(.T)C .21(he v)-5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(HOME)2.71 E F0 .21(is the def)
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