Rectangle2D dataArea,
                         PlotRenderingInfo info,
                         XYPlot plot,
                         ValueAxis domainAxis,
                         ValueAxis rangeAxis,
                         XYDataset dataset,
                         int series,
                         int item,
                         CrosshairState crosshairState,
                         int pass) {

        if (!getItemVisible(series, item)) {
            return;   
        }
        // setup for collecting optional entity info...
        Shape entityArea = null;
        EntityCollection entities = null;
        if (info != null) {
            entities = info.getOwner().getEntityCollection();
        }

        PlotOrientation orientation = plot.getOrientation();
        Paint paint = getItemPaint(series, item);
        Stroke seriesStroke = getItemStroke(series, item);
        g2.setPaint(paint);
        g2.setStroke(seriesStroke);

        // get the data point...
        double x1 = dataset.getXValue(series, item);
        double y1 = dataset.getYValue(series, item);
        if (Double.isNaN(x1) || Double.isNaN(y1)) {
            return;
        }

        RectangleEdge xAxisLocation = plot.getDomainAxisEdge();
        RectangleEdge yAxisLocation = plot.getRangeAxisEdge();
        double transX1 = domainAxis.valueToJava2D(x1, dataArea, xAxisLocation);
        double transY1 = rangeAxis.valueToJava2D(y1, dataArea, yAxisLocation);

        if (getPlotLines()) {
            if (item == 0) {
                if (this.drawSeriesLineAsPath) {
                    State s = (State) state;        
                    s.seriesPath.reset();
                    s.lastPointGood = false;     
                }
            }
           
            if (this.drawSeriesLineAsPath) {
                State s = (State) state;
                // update path to reflect latest point
                if (!Double.isNaN(transX1) && !Double.isNaN(transY1)) {
                    float x = (float) transX1;
                    float y = (float) transY1;
                    if (orientation == PlotOrientation.HORIZONTAL) {
                        x = (float) transY1;
                        y = (float) transX1;
                    }
                    if (s.isLastPointGood()) {
                        // TODO: check threshold
                        s.seriesPath.lineTo(x, y);
                    }
                    else {
                        s.seriesPath.moveTo(x, y);
                    }
                    s.setLastPointGood(true);
                }
                else {
                    s.setLastPointGood(false);
                }
                if (item == dataset.getItemCount(series) - 1) {
                    // draw path
                    g2.setStroke(getSeriesStroke(series));
                    g2.setPaint(getSeriesPaint(series));
                    g2.draw(s.seriesPath);
                }
            }

            else if (item != 0) {
                // get the previous data point...
                double x0 = dataset.getXValue(series, item - 1);
                double y0 = dataset.getYValue(series, item - 1);
                if (!Double.isNaN(x0) && !Double.isNaN(y0)) {
                    boolean drawLine = true;
                    if (getPlotDiscontinuous()) {
                        // only draw a line if the gap between the current and 
                        // previous data point is within the threshold
                        int numX = dataset.getItemCount(series);
                        double minX = dataset.getXValue(series, 0);
                        double maxX = dataset.getXValue(series, numX - 1);
                        if (this.gapThresholdType == UnitType.ABSOLUTE) {
                            drawLine = Math.abs(x1 - x0) <= this.gapThreshold;
                        }
                        else {
                            drawLine = Math.abs(x1 - x0) <= ((maxX - minX) 
                                / numX * getGapThreshold());
                        }
                    }
                    if (drawLine) {
                        double transX0 = domainAxis.valueToJava2D(
                            x0, dataArea, xAxisLocation
                        );
                        double transY0 = rangeAxis.valueToJava2D(
                            y0, dataArea, yAxisLocation
                        );

                        // only draw if we have good values
                        if (Double.isNaN(transX0) || Double.isNaN(transY0) 
                            || Double.isNaN(transX1) || Double.isNaN(transY1)) {
                            return;
                        }

                        if (orientation == PlotOrientation.HORIZONTAL) {
                            state.workingLine.setLine(
                                transY0, transX0, transY1, transX1
                            );
                        }
                        else if (orientation == PlotOrientation.VERTICAL) {
                            state.workingLine.setLine(
                                transX0, transY0, transX1, transY1
                            );
                        }

                        if (state.workingLine.intersects(dataArea)) {
                            g2.draw(state.workingLine);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (getBaseShapesVisible()) {

            Shape shape = getItemShape(series, item);
            if (orientation == PlotOrientation.HORIZONTAL) {
                shape = ShapeUtilities.createTranslatedShape(
                    shape, transY1, transX1
                );
            }
            else if (orientation == PlotOrientation.VERTICAL) {
                shape = ShapeUtilities.createTranslatedShape(
                    shape, transX1, transY1
                );
            }
            if (shape.intersects(dataArea)) {
                if (getItemShapeFilled(series, item)) {
                    g2.fill(shape);
                }
                else {
                    g2.draw(shape);
                }
            }
            entityArea = shape;

        }

        if (getPlotImages()) {
            Image image = getImage(plot, series, item, transX1, transY1);
            if (image != null) {
                Point hotspot = getImageHotspot(
                    plot, series, item, transX1, transY1, image
                );
                g2.drawImage(
                    image, (int) (transX1 - hotspot.getX()), 
                    (int) (transY1 - hotspot.getY()), null
                );
                entityArea = new Rectangle2D.Double(
                    transX1 - hotspot.getX(), transY1 - hotspot.getY(),
                    image.getWidth(null), image.getHeight(null)
                );
            }

        }

        // draw the item label if there is one...
        if (isItemLabelVisible(series, item)) {
            double xx = transX1;
            double yy = transY1;
            if (orientation == PlotOrientation.HORIZONTAL) {
                xx = transY1;
                yy = transX1;
            }          
            drawItemLabel(
                g2, orientation, dataset, series, item, xx, yy, (y1 < 0.0)
            );
        }

        updateCrosshairValues(
            crosshairState, x1, y1, transX1, transY1, orientation
        );

        // add an entity for the item...
        if (entities != null) {
            addEntity(
                entities, entityArea, dataset, series, item, transX1, transY1
            );
        }

    }

    /**
     * Tests this renderer for equality with another object.
     *
     * @param obj  the object (<code>null</code> permitted).
     *
     * @return A boolean.
     */
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {

        if (obj == this) {
            return true;
        }
        if (!(obj instanceof StandardXYItemRenderer)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!super.equals(obj)) {
            return false;
        }
        StandardXYItemRenderer that = (StandardXYItemRenderer) obj;
        if (this.baseShapesVisible != that.baseShapesVisible) {
            return false;
        }
        if (this.plotLines != that.plotLines) {
            return false;
        }
        if (this.plotImages != that.plotImages) {
            return false;
        }
        if (this.plotDiscontinuous != that.plotDiscontinuous) {
            return false;
        }
        if (this.gapThresholdType != that.gapThresholdType) {
            return false;
        }
        if (this.gapThreshold != that.gapThreshold) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!ObjectUtilities.equal(this.shapesFilled, that.shapesFilled)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!ShapeUtilities.equal(this.legendLine, that.legendLine)) {
            return false;   
        }
        return true;

    }

    /**
     * Returns a clone of the renderer.
     *
     * @return A clone.
     *
     * @throws CloneNotSupportedException  if the renderer cannot be cloned.
     */
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // PROTECTED METHODS
    // These provide the opportunity to subclass the standard renderer and 
    // create custom effects.
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    /**
     * Returns the image used to draw a single data item.
     *
     * @param plot  the plot (can be used to obtain standard color information 
     *              etc).
     * @param series  the series index.
     * @param item  the item index.
     * @param x  the x value of the item.
     * @param y  the y value of the item.
     *
     * @return The image.
     */
    protected Image getImage(Plot plot, int series, int item, 
                             double x, double y) {
        // should this be added to the plot as well ?
        // return plot.getShape(series, item, x, y, scale);
        // or should this be left to the user - like this:
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the hotspot of the image used to draw a single data item.
     * The hotspot is the point relative to the top left of the image
     * that should indicate the data item. The default is the center of the
     * image.
     *
     * @param plot  the plot (can be used to obtain standard color information 
     *              etc).
     * @param image  the image (can be used to get size information about the 
     *               image)
     * @param series  the series index
     * @param item  the item index
     * @param x  the x value of the item
     * @param y  the y value of the item
     *
     * @return The hotspot used to draw the data item.
     */
    protected Point getImageHotspot(Plot plot, int series, int item,
                                    double x, double y, Image image) {

        int height = image.getHeight(null);
        int width = image.getWidth(null);
        return new Point(width / 2, height / 2);

    }
    
    /**
     * Provides serialization support.
     *
     * @param stream  the input stream.
     *
     * @throws IOException  if there is an I/O error.
     * @throws ClassNotFoundException  if there is a classpath problem.
     */
    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream) 
            throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        stream.defaultReadObject();
        this.legendLine = SerialUtilities.readShape(stream);
    }
    
    /**
     * Provides serialization support.
     *
     * @param stream  the output stream.
     *
     * @throws IOException  if there is an I/O error.
     */
    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException {
        stream.defaultWriteObject();
        SerialUtilities.writeShape(this.legendLine, stream);
    }
}