SPI_InitStruct->SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Hard;
  /* Initialize the SPI_BaudRatePrescaler member */
  SPI_InitStruct->SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2;
  /* Initialize the SPI_FirstBit member */
  SPI_InitStruct->SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB;
  /* Initialize the SPI_CRCPolynomial member */
  SPI_InitStruct->SPI_CRCPolynomial = 7;
}

/**
  * @brief  Fills each I2S_InitStruct member with its default value.
  * @param  I2S_InitStruct: pointer to a I2S_InitTypeDef structure which will be initialized.
  * @retval None
  */
void I2S_StructInit(I2S_InitTypeDef* I2S_InitStruct)
{
/*--------------- Reset I2S init structure parameters values -----------------*/
  /* Initialize the I2S_Mode member */
  I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode = I2S_Mode_SlaveTx;
  
  /* Initialize the I2S_Standard member */
  I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Standard = I2S_Standard_Phillips;
  
  /* Initialize the I2S_DataFormat member */
  I2S_InitStruct->I2S_DataFormat = I2S_DataFormat_16b;
  
  /* Initialize the I2S_MCLKOutput member */
  I2S_InitStruct->I2S_MCLKOutput = I2S_MCLKOutput_Disable;
  
  /* Initialize the I2S_AudioFreq member */
  I2S_InitStruct->I2S_AudioFreq = I2S_AudioFreq_Default;
  
  /* Initialize the I2S_CPOL member */
  I2S_InitStruct->I2S_CPOL = I2S_CPOL_Low;
}

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the specified SPI peripheral.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the SPIx peripheral. 
  *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_Cmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Enable the selected SPI peripheral */
    SPIx->CR1 |= SPI_CR1_SPE;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected SPI peripheral */
    SPIx->CR1 &= (uint16_t)~((uint16_t)SPI_CR1_SPE);
  }
}

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the specified SPI peripheral (in I2S mode).
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the SPIx peripheral. 
  *         This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void I2S_Cmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_23_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Enable the selected SPI peripheral (in I2S mode) */
    SPIx->I2SCFGR |= SPI_I2SCFGR_I2SE;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected SPI peripheral in I2S mode */
    SPIx->I2SCFGR &= (uint16_t)~((uint16_t)SPI_I2SCFGR_I2SE);
  }
}

/**
  * @brief  Configures the data size for the selected SPI.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  SPI_DataSize: specifies the SPI data size.
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg SPI_DataSize_16b: Set data frame format to 16bit.
  *     @arg SPI_DataSize_8b: Set data frame format to 8bit.
  * @retval None.
  */
void SPI_DataSizeConfig(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_DataSize)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_DATASIZE(SPI_DataSize));
  /* Clear DFF bit */
  SPIx->CR1 &= (uint16_t)~SPI_DataSize_16b;
  /* Set new DFF bit value */
  SPIx->CR1 |= SPI_DataSize;
}

/**
  * @brief  Selects the data transfer direction in bidirectional mode for the specified SPI.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  SPI_Direction: specifies the data transfer direction in bidirectional mode. 
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg SPI_Direction_Tx: Selects Tx transmission direction.
  *     @arg SPI_Direction_Rx: Selects Rx receive direction.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_BiDirectionalLineConfig(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_Direction)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_DIRECTION(SPI_Direction));
  if (SPI_Direction == SPI_Direction_Tx)
  {
    /* Set the Tx only mode */
    SPIx->CR1 |= SPI_Direction_Tx;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Set the Rx only mode */
    SPIx->CR1 &= SPI_Direction_Rx;
  }
}

/**
  * @brief  Configures internally by software the NSS pin for the selected SPI.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  SPI_NSSInternalSoft: specifies the SPI NSS internal state.
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Set: Set NSS pin internally.
  *     @arg SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Reset: Reset NSS pin internally.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_NSSInternalSoftwareConfig(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_NSSInternalSoft)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_NSS_INTERNAL(SPI_NSSInternalSoft));
  if (SPI_NSSInternalSoft != SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Reset)
  {
    /* Set NSS pin internally by software */
    SPIx->CR1 |= SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Set;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Reset NSS pin internally by software */
    SPIx->CR1 &= SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Reset;
  }
}

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the SS output for the selected SPI.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the SPIx SS output.
  *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_SSOutputCmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Enable the selected SPI SS output */
    SPIx->CR2 |= (uint16_t)SPI_CR2_SSOE;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected SPI SS output */
    SPIx->CR2 &= (uint16_t)~((uint16_t)SPI_CR2_SSOE);
  }
}

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup SPI_Group2 Data transfers functions
 *  @brief   Data transfers functions
 *
@verbatim
 ===============================================================================
                    ##### Data transfers functions #####
 ===============================================================================
....[..] This section provides a set of functions allowing to manage the SPI data 
         transfers.
....[..] In reception, data are received and then stored into an internal Rx buffer 
         while In transmission, data are first stored into an internal Tx buffer 
         before being transmitted.
....[..] The read access of the SPI_DR register can be done using the 
         SPI_I2S_ReceiveData() function and returns the Rx buffered value. 
         Whereas a write access to the SPI_DR can be done using SPI_I2S_SendData() 
         function and stores the written data into Tx buffer.

@endverbatim
  * @{
  */

/**
  * @brief  Returns the most recent received data by the SPIx/I2Sx peripheral. 
  * @param  SPIx: To select the SPIx/I2Sx peripheral, where x can be: 1, 2 or 3
  *         in SPI mode or 2 or 3 in I2S mode.
  * @retval The value of the received data.
  */
uint16_t SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  
  /* Return the data in the DR register */
  return SPIx->DR;
}

/**
  * @brief  Transmits a Data through the SPIx/I2Sx peripheral.
  * @param  SPIx: To select the SPIx/I2Sx peripheral, where x can be: 1, 2 or 3 
  *         in SPI mode or 2 or 3 in I2S mode.
  * @param  Data: Data to be transmitted.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_I2S_SendData(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t Data)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  
  /* Write in the DR register the data to be sent */
  SPIx->DR = Data;
}

/**
  * @}
  */

/** @defgroup SPI_Group3 Hardware CRC Calculation functions
 *  @brief   Hardware CRC Calculation functions
 *
@verbatim
 ===============================================================================
                ##### Hardware CRC Calculation functions #####
 ===============================================================================
    [..] This section provides a set of functions allowing to manage the SPI CRC 
         hardware calculation SPI communication using CRC is possible through 
         the following procedure:
         (#) Program the Data direction, Polarity, Phase, First Data, Baud Rate 
             Prescaler, Slave Management, Peripheral Mode and CRC Polynomial 
             values using the SPI_Init() function.
         (#) Enable the CRC calculation using the SPI_CalculateCRC() function.
         (#) Enable the SPI using the SPI_Cmd() function.
         (#) Before writing the last data to the TX buffer, set the CRCNext bit 
             using the SPI_TransmitCRC() function to indicate that after 
             transmission of the last data, the CRC should be transmitted.
         (#) After transmitting the last data, the SPI transmits the CRC.
             The SPI_CR1_CRCNEXT bit is reset. The CRC is also received and 
             compared against the SPI_RXCRCR value. 
             If the value does not match, the SPI_FLAG_CRCERR flag is set and an 
             interrupt can be generated when the SPI_I2S_IT_ERR interrupt is enabled.
    -@-
       (+@) It is advised to don't read the calculate CRC values during the communication.
       (+@) When the SPI is in slave mode, be careful to enable CRC calculation only 
       when the clock is stable, that is, when the clock is in the steady state. 
       If not, a wrong CRC calculation may be done. In fact, the CRC is sensitive 
       to the SCK slave input clock as soon as CRCEN is set, and this, whatever 
       the value of the SPE bit.
       (+@) With high bitrate frequencies, be careful when transmitting the CRC.
       As the number of used CPU cycles has to be as low as possible in the CRC 
       transfer phase, it is forbidden to call software functions in the CRC 
       transmission sequence to avoid errors in the last data and CRC reception. 
       In fact, CRCNEXT bit has to be written before the end of the transmission/
       reception of the last data.
       (+@) For high bit rate frequencies, it is advised to use the DMA mode to avoid the
       degradation of the SPI speed performance due to CPU accesses impacting the 
       SPI bandwidth.
       (+@) When the STM32L15xxx are configured as slaves and the NSS hardware mode is 
       used, the NSS pin needs to be kept low between the data phase and the CRC 
       phase.
       (+@) When the SPI is configured in slave mode with the CRC feature enabled, CRC
       calculation takes place even if a high level is applied on the NSS pin. 
       This may happen for example in case of a multislave environment where the 
       communication master addresses slaves alternately.
       (+@) Between a slave deselection (high level on NSS) and a new slave selection 
       (low level on NSS), the CRC value should be cleared on both master and slave
       sides in order to resynchronize the master and slave for their respective 
       CRC calculation.
    -@- To clear the CRC, follow the procedure below:
       (#@) Disable SPI using the SPI_Cmd() function
       (#@) Disable the CRC calculation using the SPI_CalculateCRC() function.
       (#@) Enable the CRC calculation using the SPI_CalculateCRC() function.
       (#@) Enable SPI using the SPI_Cmd() function.

@endverbatim
  * @{
  */

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the CRC value calculation of the transferred bytes.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the SPIx CRC value calculation.
  *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_CalculateCRC(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Enable the selected SPI CRC calculation */
    SPIx->CR1 |= SPI_CR1_CRCEN;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected SPI CRC calculation */
    SPIx->CR1 &= (uint16_t)~((uint16_t)SPI_CR1_CRCEN);
  }
}

/**
  * @brief  Transmit the SPIx CRC value.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_TransmitCRC(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  
  /* Enable the selected SPI CRC transmission */
  SPIx->CR1 |= SPI_CR1_CRCNEXT;
}

/**
  * @brief  Returns the transmit or the receive CRC register value for the specified SPI.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  SPI_CRC: specifies the CRC register to be read.
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg SPI_CRC_Tx: Selects Tx CRC register.
  *     @arg SPI_CRC_Rx: Selects Rx CRC register.
  * @retval The selected CRC register value.
  */
uint16_t SPI_GetCRC(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint8_t SPI_CRC)
{
  uint16_t crcreg = 0;
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_CRC(SPI_CRC));
  if (SPI_CRC != SPI_CRC_Rx)
  {
    /* Get the Tx CRC register */
    crcreg = SPIx->TXCRCR;