?? 第七章 相關分析.htm
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lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>激活數據管理窗口，定義變量名：發硒為X，血硒為Y，按順序輸入相應數值，建立數據庫（圖7.1）。</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=_x0000_i1027
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"./SP07.files/image005.png"></v:imagedata></v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border="0" src="SP07.files/image006.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" WIDTH="208" HEIGHT="305"><![endif]><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="CPaint5" ShapeID="_x0000_i1027" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1004536274"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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align=center><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑體; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">圖<SPAN
lang=EN-US>7.1<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>原始數據的輸入</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></CENTER></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑體"><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑體">7.1.2.2<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>統計分析</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>激活Statistics菜單選Correlate中的Bivariate...命令項，彈出Bivariate
Correlation對話框（圖7.2）。在對話框左側的變量列表中選x、y，點擊</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings"><SPAN
style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings">Ø</SPAN></SPAN>鈕使之進入<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Variables框；再在Correlation
Coefficients框中選擇相關系數的類型，共有三種：Pearson為通常所指的相關系數（r），Kendell</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體">’</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US>s tau-b為非參數資料的相關系數，Spearman為非正態分布資料的Pearson相關系數替代值，本例選用Pearson項；在Test
of Significance框中可選相關系數的單側（One-tailed）或雙側（Two-tailed）檢驗，本例選雙側檢驗。</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=_x0000_i1028
style="WIDTH: 205.5pt; HEIGHT: 168.75pt" o:ole="" type = "#_x0000_t75"
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"./SP07.files/image007.png"></v:imagedata></v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border="0" src="SP07.files/image008.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028" WIDTH="274" HEIGHT="225"><![endif]><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="CPaint5" ShapeID="_x0000_i1028" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1004536275"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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align=center><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑體; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">圖<SPAN
lang=EN-US>7.2<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>相關分析對話框</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></CENTER></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
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lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>點擊Options...鈕彈出Bivariate
Correlation:Options對話框（圖7.3），可選有關統計項目。本例要求輸出X、Y的均數與標準差以及XY交叉乘積的標準差與協方差，故選Means
and standard deviations和Cross-product deviations and
covariances項，而后點擊Continue鈕返回Bivariate Correlation對話框，再點擊OK鈕即可。</SPAN></P>
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align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=_x0000_i1029
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"./SP07.files/image009.png"></v:imagedata></v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border="0" src="SP07.files/image010.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029" WIDTH="297" HEIGHT="157"><![endif]><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="CPaint5" ShapeID="_x0000_i1029" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1004536276"> </o:OLEObject> </xml><![endif]--></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; LINE-HEIGHT: 15.6pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"
align=center><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑體; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">圖<SPAN
lang=EN-US>7.3<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>相關分析統計對話框</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></CENTER></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
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lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑體">7.1.2.3<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>結果解釋：<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan">在結果輸出窗口中將看到如下統計數據：變量<SPAN
lang=EN-US>X、Y的例數、均數與標準差，變量X、Y交叉乘積的例數、標準差與協方差；XY兩兩對應的相關系數及其雙側檢驗的概率，本例r =
0.8715，P = 0.001。</SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
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<TD
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<P class=MsoNormal
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lang=EN-US>Variable<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Cases<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Mean<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Std Dev</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>X<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>10<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>75.4000<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>12.2945</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Y<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>10<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>10.8000<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>3.3267</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Variables<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Cases<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Cross-Prod Dev<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Variance-Covar</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>X<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>Y<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>10<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>320.8000<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>35.6444</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><![if !supportEmptyParas]><![endif]> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: bottom; mso-pagination: widow-orphan"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>X<SPAN
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