public:
    D3DXCOLOR() {}
    D3DXCOLOR( DWORD argb );
    D3DXCOLOR( CONST FLOAT * );
    D3DXCOLOR( CONST D3DCOLORVALUE& );
    D3DXCOLOR( FLOAT r, FLOAT g, FLOAT b, FLOAT a );

    // casting
    operator DWORD () const;

    operator FLOAT* ();
    operator CONST FLOAT* () const;

    operator D3DCOLORVALUE* ();
    operator CONST D3DCOLORVALUE* () const;

    operator D3DCOLORVALUE& ();
    operator CONST D3DCOLORVALUE& () const;

    // assignment operators
    D3DXCOLOR& operator += ( CONST D3DXCOLOR& );
    D3DXCOLOR& operator -= ( CONST D3DXCOLOR& );
    D3DXCOLOR& operator *= ( FLOAT );
    D3DXCOLOR& operator /= ( FLOAT );

    // unary operators
    D3DXCOLOR operator + () const;
    D3DXCOLOR operator - () const;

    // binary operators
    D3DXCOLOR operator + ( CONST D3DXCOLOR& ) const;
    D3DXCOLOR operator - ( CONST D3DXCOLOR& ) const;
    D3DXCOLOR operator * ( FLOAT ) const;
    D3DXCOLOR operator / ( FLOAT ) const;

    friend D3DXCOLOR operator * (FLOAT, CONST D3DXCOLOR& );

    BOOL operator == ( CONST D3DXCOLOR& ) const;
    BOOL operator != ( CONST D3DXCOLOR& ) const;

#endif //__cplusplus
    FLOAT r, g, b, a;
} D3DXCOLOR, *LPD3DXCOLOR;



//===========================================================================
//
// D3DX math functions:
//
// NOTE:
//  * All these functions can take the same object as in and out parameters.
//
//  * Out parameters are typically also returned as return values, so that
//    the output of one function may be used as a parameter to another.
//
//===========================================================================

//--------------------------
// 2D Vector
//--------------------------

// inline

FLOAT D3DXVec2Length
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV );

FLOAT D3DXVec2LengthSq
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV );

FLOAT D3DXVec2Dot
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2 );

// Z component of ((x1,y1,0) cross (x2,y2,0))
FLOAT D3DXVec2CCW
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR2* D3DXVec2Add
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR2* D3DXVec2Subtract
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2 );

// Minimize each component.  x = min(x1, x2), y = min(y1, y2)
D3DXVECTOR2* D3DXVec2Minimize
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2 );

// Maximize each component.  x = max(x1, x2), y = max(y1, y2)
D3DXVECTOR2* D3DXVec2Maximize
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR2* D3DXVec2Scale
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV, FLOAT s );

// Linear interpolation. V1 + s(V2-V1)
D3DXVECTOR2* D3DXVec2Lerp
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2,
      FLOAT s );

// non-inline
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

D3DXVECTOR2* WINAPI D3DXVec2Normalize
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV );

// Hermite interpolation between position V1, tangent T1 (when s == 0)
// and position V2, tangent T2 (when s == 1).
D3DXVECTOR2* WINAPI D3DXVec2Hermite
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pT1,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pT2, FLOAT s );

// CatmullRom interpolation between V1 (when s == 0) and V2 (when s == 1)
D3DXVECTOR2* WINAPI D3DXVec2CatmullRom
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV0, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV3, FLOAT s );

// Barycentric coordinates.  V1 + f(V2-V1) + g(V3-V1)
D3DXVECTOR2* WINAPI D3DXVec2BaryCentric
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV2,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV3, FLOAT f, FLOAT g);

// Transform (x, y, 0, 1) by matrix.
D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec2Transform
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

// Transform (x, y, 0, 1) by matrix, project result back into w=1.
D3DXVECTOR2* WINAPI D3DXVec2TransformCoord
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

// Transform (x, y, 0, 0) by matrix.
D3DXVECTOR2* WINAPI D3DXVec2TransformNormal
    ( D3DXVECTOR2 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR2 *pV, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif


//--------------------------
// 3D Vector
//--------------------------

// inline

FLOAT D3DXVec3Length
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV );

FLOAT D3DXVec3LengthSq
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV );

FLOAT D3DXVec3Dot
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR3* D3DXVec3Cross
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR3* D3DXVec3Add
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR3* D3DXVec3Subtract
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2 );

// Minimize each component.  x = min(x1, x2), y = min(y1, y2), ...
D3DXVECTOR3* D3DXVec3Minimize
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2 );

// Maximize each component.  x = max(x1, x2), y = max(y1, y2), ...
D3DXVECTOR3* D3DXVec3Maximize
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR3* D3DXVec3Scale
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, FLOAT s);

// Linear interpolation. V1 + s(V2-V1)
D3DXVECTOR3* D3DXVec3Lerp
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2,
      FLOAT s );

// non-inline
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3Normalize
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV );

// Hermite interpolation between position V1, tangent T1 (when s == 0)
// and position V2, tangent T2 (when s == 1).
D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3Hermite
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pT1,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pT2, FLOAT s );

// CatmullRom interpolation between V1 (when s == 0) and V2 (when s == 1)
D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3CatmullRom
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV0, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV3, FLOAT s );

// Barycentric coordinates.  V1 + f(V2-V1) + g(V3-V1)
D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3BaryCentric
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV2,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV3, FLOAT f, FLOAT g);

// Transform (x, y, z, 1) by matrix.
D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec3Transform
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

// Transform (x, y, z, 1) by matrix, project result back into w=1.
D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3TransformCoord
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

// Transform (x, y, z, 0) by matrix.  If you transforming a normal by a 
// non-affine matrix, the matrix you pass to this function should be the 
// transpose of the inverse of the matrix you would use to transform a coord.
D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3TransformNormal
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

// Project vector from object space into screen space
D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3Project
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, CONST D3DVIEWPORT8 *pViewport,
      CONST D3DXMATRIX *pProjection, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pView, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pWorld);

// Project vector from screen space into object space
D3DXVECTOR3* WINAPI D3DXVec3Unproject
    ( D3DXVECTOR3 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, CONST D3DVIEWPORT8 *pViewport,
      CONST D3DXMATRIX *pProjection, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pView, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pWorld);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif



//--------------------------
// 4D Vector
//--------------------------

// inline

FLOAT D3DXVec4Length
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV );

FLOAT D3DXVec4LengthSq
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV );

FLOAT D3DXVec4Dot
    ( CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2 );

D3DXVECTOR4* D3DXVec4Add
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2);

D3DXVECTOR4* D3DXVec4Subtract
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2);

// Minimize each component.  x = min(x1, x2), y = min(y1, y2), ...
D3DXVECTOR4* D3DXVec4Minimize
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2);

// Maximize each component.  x = max(x1, x2), y = max(y1, y2), ...
D3DXVECTOR4* D3DXVec4Maximize
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2);

D3DXVECTOR4* D3DXVec4Scale
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV, FLOAT s);

// Linear interpolation. V1 + s(V2-V1)
D3DXVECTOR4* D3DXVec4Lerp
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2,
      FLOAT s );

// non-inline
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

// Cross-product in 4 dimensions.
D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec4Cross
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV3);

D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec4Normalize
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV );

// Hermite interpolation between position V1, tangent T1 (when s == 0)
// and position V2, tangent T2 (when s == 1).
D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec4Hermite
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pT1,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pT2, FLOAT s );

// CatmullRom interpolation between V1 (when s == 0) and V2 (when s == 1)
D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec4CatmullRom
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV0, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV3, FLOAT s );

// Barycentric coordinates.  V1 + f(V2-V1) + g(V3-V1)
D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec4BaryCentric
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV1, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV2,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV3, FLOAT f, FLOAT g);

// Transform vector by matrix.
D3DXVECTOR4* WINAPI D3DXVec4Transform
    ( D3DXVECTOR4 *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR4 *pV, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif


//--------------------------
// 4D Matrix
//--------------------------

// inline

D3DXMATRIX* D3DXMatrixIdentity
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut );

BOOL D3DXMatrixIsIdentity
    ( CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );


// non-inline
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

FLOAT WINAPI D3DXMatrixfDeterminant
    ( CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixTranspose
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

// Matrix multiplication.  The result represents the transformation M2
// followed by the transformation M1.  (Out = M1 * M2)
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixMultiply
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM1, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM2 );

// Matrix multiplication, followed by a transpose. (Out = T(M1 * M2))
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixMultiplyTranspose
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM1, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM2 );

// Calculate inverse of matrix.  Inversion my fail, in which case NULL will
// be returned.  The determinant of pM is also returned it pfDeterminant
// is non-NULL.
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixInverse
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT *pDeterminant, CONST D3DXMATRIX *pM );

// Build a matrix which scales by (sx, sy, sz)
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixScaling
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT sx, FLOAT sy, FLOAT sz );

// Build a matrix which translates by (x, y, z)
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixTranslation
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT x, FLOAT y, FLOAT z );

// Build a matrix which rotates around the X axis
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixRotationX
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT Angle );

// Build a matrix which rotates around the Y axis
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixRotationY
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT Angle );

// Build a matrix which rotates around the Z axis
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixRotationZ
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT Angle );

// Build a matrix which rotates around an arbitrary axis
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixRotationAxis
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pV, FLOAT Angle );

// Build a matrix from a quaternion
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixRotationQuaternion
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXQUATERNION *pQ);

// Yaw around the Y axis, a pitch around the X axis,
// and a roll around the Z axis.
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixRotationYawPitchRoll
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT Yaw, FLOAT Pitch, FLOAT Roll );


// Build transformation matrix.  NULL arguments are treated as identity.
// Mout = Msc-1 * Msr-1 * Ms * Msr * Msc * Mrc-1 * Mr * Mrc * Mt
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixTransformation
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pScalingCenter,
      CONST D3DXQUATERNION *pScalingRotation, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pScaling,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pRotationCenter, CONST D3DXQUATERNION *pRotation,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pTranslation);

// Build affine transformation matrix.  NULL arguments are treated as identity.
// Mout = Ms * Mrc-1 * Mr * Mrc * Mt
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixAffineTransformation
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, FLOAT Scaling, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pRotationCenter,
      CONST D3DXQUATERNION *pRotation, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pTranslation);

// Build a lookat matrix. (right-handed)
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixLookAtRH
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pEye, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pAt,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pUp );

// Build a lookat matrix. (left-handed)
D3DXMATRIX* WINAPI D3DXMatrixLookAtLH
    ( D3DXMATRIX *pOut, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pEye, CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pAt,
      CONST D3DXVECTOR3 *pUp );