?? linux tutorial - linux network administration.mht
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Subject: Linux Tutorial - Linux Network Administration
Date: Wed, 4 Apr 2007 11:32:56 +0800
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Linux Tutorial - Linux Network Administration</TITLE>
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content=3D"Linux networking commands and examples. Network commands and =
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<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop><A href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/"><IMG=20
alt=3D"Yolinux.com Tutorial"=20
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src=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/images/YoLinux_Tutorial_logo.png"=
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border=3Dnone></A> </TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop>
<H1>Linux Networking</H1>
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<P>This tutorial covers TCP/IP networking and system configuration =
basics.=20
Linux can support multiple network devices. The device names are =
numbered=20
and begin at zero and count upwards. For example, a computer =
running two=20
ethernet cards will have two devices labeled <TT>/dev/eth0</TT> =
and=20
<TT>/dev/eth1</TT>. </P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>
<DL>
<DD>
<TABLE width=3D"100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop width=3D"60%"><B><BIG>Contents:</BIG></B> <SMALL>
<UL>
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#CON=
FIGFILES">Configuration=20
files</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#GUI=
">Red=20
Hat Linux network GUI configuration tools.</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ASS=
IGNIP">Assigning=20
an IP address</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#STA=
RTSTOP">Activating=20
and De-Activating your NIC</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#SUB=
NETS">Subnets</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#FOR=
WARDING">Enable=20
Forwarding</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ADD=
NIC">Adding=20
a network interface card (NIC)</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ROU=
TE">Route</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#VPN=
">VPN,=20
Tunneling</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#COM=
MANDS">Usefull=20
Linux networking commands</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#INE=
T">inetd/xinetd:=20
Network Socket Listener Daemons</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#RPC=
">RPC:=20
Remote Procedure Call. (portmapper)</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#PAM=
">PAM:=20
Network Wrappers.</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ICM=
P">ICMP=20
protocol.</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#MON=
ITORINGTOOLS">Network=20
Monitoring Tools</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#HAC=
KERDETECTION">IDS:=20
Intruder Detection System - SNORT</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#ARP=
">ARP:=20
Address Resolution Protocol</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#MUL=
TICAST">Configuring=20
Linux For Network Multicast</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#MSW=
INDOWS">Living=20
in a MS/Windows world</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#DEF=
INITIONS">Network=20
Definitions</A>=20
<LI># <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialNetworking.html#LIN=
KS">Related=20
Links</A> </LI></UL></SMALL>
<P></P></TD>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop><B><BIG>Other YoLinux Networking =
Tutorials:</BIG></B>=20
<UL>
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialIptablesNetworkGate=
way.html">Setting=20
up an internet gateway for home or office using iptables</A>=20
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSiteConfig.html#=
VIRTUALSERVER">Load=20
balancing servers using LVS (Linux Virtual Server)</A>=20
<LI>Modem dial-up:=20
<UL>
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPPP.html">Configuri=
ng=20
PPP dial up connections to an ISP</A>=20
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPPP-compuserve.html=
">Dialing=20
Compuserve</A>=20
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAOL.html">Dialing=20
AOL</A>=20
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialPPP-Dial-in.html">C=
onfiguring=20
PPP dial-in connections</A> </LI></UL>
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialWebSiteConfig.html#=
DNS">DNS=20
Name server configuration</A>=20
<LI><A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/DHCP-Server.html">DHCP=20
server configuration: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</A>=20
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialInternetSecurity.ht=
ml">Internet/Network=20
Security</A>=20
<LI><A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxSecurityTools.html">Securit=
y=20
Tools and Hacker Tools</A>=20
<LI><A =
href=3D"http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/index.html">YoLinux=20
Tutorials Index</A> </LI></UL>
<P> </P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DD></DL>
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<HR>
<P><A href=3D"http://yolinux.tradepub.com/">Free Information =
Technology=20
Magazine Subscriptions and Document Downloads</A>=20
<P>
<HR>
<P></P></TD>
<TD><A name=3DCONFIGFILES></A>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D2 width=3D"100%" border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR bgColor=3D#ffcc33>
<TD><B><BIG>TCP/IP Network Configuration=20
Files:</BIG></B></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<UL>
<LI>File: <TT>/etc/<A=20
=
href=3D"http://node1.yo-linux.com/cgi-bin/man2html?cgi_command=3Dresolv.c=
onf">resolv.conf</A></TT>=20
<B>- host name resolver configuration file</B> <BR>
<DL>
<DD>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D1 cellPadding=3D4 width=3D"100%" =
bgColor=3D#000000=20
border=3D1>
<TBODY>
<TR bgColor=3D#c0c0c0>
<TD><PRE>search <I>name-of-domain.com</I> - <B><I>Name of =
your domain or ISP's domain if using their name server</I></B>
nameserver <I>XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX</I> - <B><I>IP address of primary name =
server</I></B>
nameserver <I>XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX</I> - <B><I>IP address of secondary name =
server</I></B>
</PRE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DD></DL>This configures Linux so=20
that it knows which DNS server will be resolving domain names =
into IP=20
addresses. If using DHCP client, this will automatically be sent =
to you=20
by the ISP and loaded into this file as part of the DHCP =
protocol. If=20
using a static IP address, ask the ISP or check another machine =
on your=20
network. <BR>Red Hat/Fedora GUI:=20
<TT>/usr/sbin/system-config-network</TT> (select tab "DNS".=20
<P></P>
<LI>File: <TT>/etc/hosts</TT> <B>- locally resolve node names to =
IP=20
addresses</B>=20
<DL>
<DD>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D1 cellPadding=3D4 width=3D"100%" =
bgColor=3D#000000=20
border=3D1>
<TBODY>
<TR bgColor=3D#c0c0c0>
<TD><PRE>127.0.0.1 =
<I>your-node-name.your-domain.com</I> localhost.localdomain localhost=20
<I>XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX</I> <I>node-name</I>
</PRE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DD></DL>Note when adding hosts to=20
this file, place the fully qualified name first. (It helps =
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