/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------  ex18.C  mbwall 28jul94  Copyright (c) 1995-1996  Massachusetts Institute of Technology DESCRIPTION:   Example program for the SimpleGA class and 2DBinaryStringGenome class.This program reads in a 2D pattern from a data file then tries to match thepattern in a 2D binary string genome.  The type of GA can be specified atthe command line.---------------------------------------------------------------------------- */#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <ga/ga.h>#include <ga/std_stream.h>#define cout STD_COUT#define cerr STD_CERR#define ifstream STD_IFSTREAMfloat objective(GAGenome &);int cntr=0;intmain(int argc, char *argv[]){  cout << "Example 18\n\n";  cout << "This program is designed to compare the GA types.  You can\n";  cout << "specify steady-state, incremental, or simple GA and tweak any\n";  cout << "of the parameters for each of these GA types.  The objective\n";  cout << "function tries to match a pattern read in from a file.\n\n";  cout.flush();// See if we've been given a seed to use (for testing purposes).  When you// specify a random seed, the evolution will be exactly the same each time// you use that seed number.  unsigned int seed = 0;  for(int ii=1; ii<argc; ii++) {    if(strcmp(argv[ii++],"seed") == 0) {      seed = atoi(argv[ii]);    }  }// Set the default values of the parameters and declare the params variable.  GAParameterList params;  GASimpleGA::registerDefaultParameters(params);  GASteadyStateGA::registerDefaultParameters(params);  GAIncrementalGA::registerDefaultParameters(params);  params.set(gaNpopulationSize, 30);	// population size  params.set(gaNpCrossover, 0.9);	// probability of crossover  params.set(gaNpMutation, 0.001);	// probability of mutation  params.set(gaNnGenerations, 400);	// number of generations  params.set(gaNpReplacement, 0.25);	// how much of pop to replace each gen  params.set(gaNscoreFrequency, 10);	// how often to record scores  params.set(gaNflushFrequency, 50);	// how often to dump scores to file  params.set(gaNscoreFilename, "bog.dat");  params.parse(argc, argv, gaFalse);    // parse command line for GAlib args  const int SIMPLE=0, STEADY_STATE=1, INCREMENTAL=2;  int whichGA = SIMPLE;  int i,j;  char filename[128] = "smiley.txt";// Parse the command line for more arguments.  for(i=1; i<argc; i++){    if(strcmp("ga", argv[i]) == 0){      if(++i >= argc){        cerr << argv[0] << ": which GA do you want? (simple, ss, or inc)\n";        exit(1);      }      else{	if(strcmp(argv[i],"simple") == 0)	  whichGA = SIMPLE;	else if(strcmp(argv[i],"ss") == 0)	  whichGA = STEADY_STATE;	else if(strcmp(argv[i],"inc") == 0)	  whichGA = INCREMENTAL;	else	  cerr << argv[0] << ": ga must be one of: simple, ss, or inc.\n";        continue;      }    }    else if(strcmp("file", argv[i]) == 0 || strcmp("f", argv[i]) == 0){      if(++i >= argc){        cerr << argv[0] << ": the file option needs a filename.\n";        exit(1);      }      else{	sprintf(filename, argv[i]);        continue;      }    }    else if(strcmp("seed", argv[i]) == 0){      if(++i < argc) continue;      continue;    }    else {      cerr << argv[0] << ":  unrecognized arguement: " << argv[i] << "\n\n";      cerr << "valid arguements include standard GAlib arguments plus:\n";      cerr << "  f\tfilename from which to read (" << filename << ")\n";      cerr << "\n";      cerr << "  ga simple|ss|inc\twhich GA to use (simple)\n";      cerr << "\n";      exit(1);    }  }// Read in the pattern from the specified file.  File format is pretty simple:// two integers that give the height then width of the matrix, then the matrix// of 1's and 0's (with whitespace inbetween).  ifstream inStream(filename);  if(!inStream){    cerr << "Cannot open " << filename << " for input.\n";    exit(1);  }  int height, width;  inStream >> height >> width;  short **target = new short*[width];  for(i=0; i<width; i++)    target[i] = new short[height];  for(j=0; j<height; j++)    for(i=0; i<width; i++)      inStream >> target[i][j];  inStream.close();// Print out the pattern to be sure we got the right one.  cout << "input pattern:\n";  for(j=0; j<height; j++){    for(i=0; i<width; i++)      cout << (target[i][j] == 1 ? '*' : ' ') << " ";    cout << "\n";  }  cout << "\n"; cout.flush();// Now create the GA and run it.  GA2DBinaryStringGenome genome(width, height, objective, (void *)target);  GAStatistics stats;  switch(whichGA){  case STEADY_STATE:    {      GASteadyStateGA ga(genome);      ga.parameters(params);      ga.evolve(seed);      genome = ga.statistics().bestIndividual();      stats = ga.statistics();    }    break;  case INCREMENTAL:    {      GAIncrementalGA ga(genome);      ga.parameters(params);      ga.evolve(seed);      genome = ga.statistics().bestIndividual();      stats = ga.statistics();    }    break;  case SIMPLE:  default:    {      GASimpleGA ga(genome);      ga.parameters(params);      ga.evolve(seed);      genome = ga.statistics().bestIndividual();      stats = ga.statistics();    }    break;  }  cout << "the ga generated:\n";  for(j=0; j<height; j++){    for(i=0; i<width; i++){      cout << (genome.gene(i,j) == 1 ? '*' : ' ') << " ";    }    cout << "\n";  }  cout << "\nthe statistics for the run are:\n" << stats;  cout << "\nthe objective function was called " << cntr << " times\n";  cout << "\nbest of generation data are in 'bog.dat'\n";  cout.flush();  for(i=0; i<width; i++)    delete target[i];  delete [] target;  return 0;} floatobjective(GAGenome & c){  GA2DBinaryStringGenome & genome = (GA2DBinaryStringGenome &)c;  short **pattern = (short **)c.userData();  float value=0.0;  for(int i=0; i<genome.width(); i++)    for(int j=0; j<genome.height(); j++)      value += (float)(genome.gene(i,j) == pattern[i][j]);  cntr++;  return(value);}