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<TD borderColor=#6699ff><FONT
size=2>您的位置：技術(shù)園地>技術(shù)講座-GSM蜂窩移動通信系統(tǒng) </FONT></TD></TR>
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<DIV align=center><FONT size=4><B><FONT color=#000099>第二講
GSM通信系統(tǒng)</FONT></B></FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; COLOR: navy; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><A name=b1>2.1 系統(tǒng)的組成</A><O:P>
</O:P></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><FONT
face=楷體_GB2312
color=#000066>蜂窩移動通信系統(tǒng)主要是由交換網(wǎng)路子系統(tǒng)（NSS）、無線基站子系統(tǒng)<BR>(BSS)和移動臺（MS）三大部分組成，如圖2－1所示。其中NSS與BSS之間的<BR>接口為</FONT></SPAN><FONT
face=楷體_GB2312 color=#000066><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體">“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">A</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體">”</SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">接口，<SPAN
lang=EN-US>BSS與MS之間的接口為</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體">“</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">Um</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體">”</SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">接口。在模擬移動通信系統(tǒng)中，<SPAN
lang=EN-US>TACS規(guī)范只對Um接口進行了規(guī)定，而未對A接口做任何的限制。因此，各設(shè)備生產(chǎn)廠家對A接口都采用各自的接口協(xié)議，對Um接口遵循TACS規(guī)范。也就是說，NSS系統(tǒng)和BSS系統(tǒng)只能采用一個廠家的設(shè)備，而MS可用不同廠家的設(shè)備。<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=楷體_GB2312><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>
<IMG height=164
src="g2-1-2-3-4-5.files/g2-1-21.gif" width=343> </SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><FONT face=楷體_GB2312
color=#000066>圖<SPAN lang=EN-US>2－1 蜂窩移動通信系統(tǒng)的組成<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT
face=楷體_GB2312 color=#000066><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">
</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">由于<SPAN
lang=EN-US>GSM規(guī)范是由北歐一些運營公司</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體">“</SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">炒</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 宋體">”</SPAN><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">出的規(guī)范，運營公司當(dāng)然喜歡花最少的投資，用最好的設(shè)備來建最優(yōu)良的通信網(wǎng)，因此<SPAN
lang=EN-US>GSM規(guī)范對系統(tǒng)的各個接口都有明確的規(guī)定。也就是說，各接口都是開放式接口。</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT
face=楷體_GB2312 color=#000066><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">GSM系統(tǒng)框圖如圖2-2，A接口往右是NSS系統(tǒng)，它包括有移動業(yè)務(wù)交換中心（MSC）、拜訪位置寄存器（VLR）、歸屬位置寄存器（HLR）、鑒權(quán)中心（AUC）和移動設(shè)備識別寄存器（EIR），A接口往左Um接口是BSS系統(tǒng)，它包括有基站控制器（BSC）和基站收發(fā)信臺（BTS）。Um接口往左是移動臺部分（MS），其中包括移動終端（MS）和客戶識別卡（SIM）。<O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=楷體_GB2312><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT><FONT
face=楷體_GB2312><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-INDENT: 52.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-char-indent-count: 5.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt"
align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">
<IMG
height=203 src="g2-1-2-3-4-5.files/g2-1-22.gif" width=364
v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"
align=center><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><FONT face=楷體_GB2312
color=#000066>圖<SPAN lang=EN-US>2－2
GSM系統(tǒng)框圖</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><FONT face=楷體_GB2312 color=#000066><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT
face=楷體_GB2312 color=#000066><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">在<SPAN
lang=EN-US>GSM網(wǎng)上還配有短信息業(yè)務(wù)中心（SC），即可開放點對點的短信息業(yè)務(wù)，類似數(shù)字尋呼業(yè)務(wù)，實現(xiàn)全國聯(lián)網(wǎng)，又可開放廣播式公共信息業(yè)務(wù)。另外配有語音信箱，可開放語音留言業(yè)務(wù)，當(dāng)移動被叫客戶暫不能接通時，可接到語音信箱留言，提高網(wǎng)路接通率，給運營部門增加收入。
</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><A name=b2>2.2
交換網(wǎng)路子系統(tǒng)</A><O:P> </O:P></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"><FONT face=楷體_GB2312
color=#000066>交換網(wǎng)路子系統(tǒng)（<SPAN
lang=EN-US>NSS）主要完成交換功能和客戶數(shù)據(jù)與移動性管理、安全性管理所需的數(shù)據(jù)庫功能。<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>NSS
由一系列功能實體所構(gòu)成，各功能實體介紹如下：</SPAN></FONT></SPAN><FONT face=楷體_GB2312
color=#000066><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman"> <O:P>
</O:P></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT
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