1.進入無線網卡驅動目錄 #cp Makefile.6 Makefile2.修改Makefile:NDDIR=/WirelessCard/busybox-1.2.1/_install/etc/sysconfig/networkMOD_CONF=/WirelessCard/busybox-1.2.1/_install/etc/modprobe.d/module-renames## NDDIR/ifcfg-rausb0ND_CONF=/WirelessCard/busybox-1.2.1/_install/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-rausb0還需修改其它的3.#make all3.#cp  rt73.bin  busybox的主目錄/_install/etc/Wireless/RT73STA/ 4.#dos2unix rt73sta.dat  #cp rt73sta.dat  busybox的主目錄/_install/etc/Wireless/RT73STA/rt73sta.dat5.6.進入開發板系統 # insmod rt73.ko以上問題解決后，無線網卡工作正常。但還需移植無線擴充以便使用無線配置命令。從http://www.hpl.hp.co.uk/personal/Jean_Tourrilhes/Linux/Tools.html處下載無線擴充包修改無線擴充包的Makefile（可參照wireless tools 26),然后編譯，出現下列提示：/include -o iwconfig iwconfig.o libiw.a/WirelessCard/arm-cross-3.4.1/usr/local/arm/3.4.1/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux/3.4.1/../../../../arm-linux/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s解決方法：在Makefile文件的CFLAGS中添加-L /WirelessCard/arm-cross-3.4.        1/usr/local/arm/3.4.1/arm-linux/lib  -lm -lc -lgcc_s然后進入交叉編譯器的lib目錄 ，輸入：ln -s libgcc_s.so.1 libgcc_s.a$make$make install 成功______________________________________________________________________4.無線網卡配置a.先執行一下這個命令看一下rausb0設備是否注冊:cat /proc/net/dev如果顯示rausb0表已注冊b.   $/sbin/insmod rt73.ko   然后插入網卡輸入：  $/sbin/ifconfig rausb0 inet YOUR_IP netmask 255.255.255.0 up$route add default gw 10.1.41.2$/usr/local/sbin/iwconfig rausb0 essid "TP-LINK" (不能成功設置）$/usr/local/sbin/iwconfig rausb0 mode "ad-hoc" (能成功設置）$/usr/local/sbin/iwconfig rausb0 channel 54 (能成功設置）所以無法進行無線通信問題解決：為了解決問題，重新在PC機上進行試驗。按照驅動的README文件的說明，發現關鍵的一點是必須用命令$dos2unix rt73sta.dat 保證rt73sta.dat是二進制文件。而且必須用vi -b rt73sta.dat 對rt73sta.dat進行必要的修改。# Copy this file to /etc/Wireless/RT73STA/rt73sta.dat
# This file is a binary file and will be read on loading rt.o module.通過上述方法PC可以成功和AP通信，但在嵌入式板子上進行試驗發現把rt73sta.dat文件刪除與否效果一致，表明在裝入驅動時根本沒有讀這個二進制文件,這就是問題的癥結所在。問題解決： 1.i can't see the SSID - after I had it set with iwpriv oder iwconfig.Ony if i compile the driver with Debug option (CFLAGS += -DDBG)   $insmod rt73.ko  $ifconfig rausb0 inet 10.1.41.222 netmask 255.255.255.0  然后出現debug信息，觀察發現**RT2573**<7>--> NICLoadFirmware**RT2573**<7>--> Error 2 opening /friendly-arm/root/etc/Wireless/RT73STA/rt73.bn**RT2573**<7>NICLoadFirmware failed, used local Firmware(v 1.7) instead**RT2573**<7><-- NICLoadFirmware (src=/friendly-arm/root/etc/Wireless/RT73STA/r)**RT2573**<7>--> NICInitializeAsic**RT2573**<7>BBP version = 22**RT2573**<7><-- NICInitializeAsic**RT2573**<7>--> Error 2 opening /friendly-arm/root/etc/Wireless/RT73STA/rt73stt**RT2573**<7>--> NICReadEEPROMParameters也就是說NICLoadFirmware去裝載的配置文件的位置不對搜索驅動源文件目錄:grep 'friendly-arm' * 修改 vi rt_config.h中以下各行:#define PROFILE_PATH                "/friendly-arm/root/etc/Wireless/RT73STA/rt73sta.dat"#define RT2573_IMAGE_FILE_NAME      "/friendly-arm/root/etc/Wireless/RT73STA/rt73.bin"經過以上修改，仍有以下錯誤：ERROR!!! <7>MlmeEnqueueForRecv: frame too large, size = 3083分別到網卡驅動源程序目錄中：make all > /zxh/NetCardForPC 2>&1 ;make all > /zxh/NetCardForArm 2>&1對比對驅動進行本機編譯和交叉編譯過程的對比,發現交叉編譯中有以下警告信息：/WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/mlme.c: In function `AsicS        witchChannel':     32 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/mlme.c:3822: warning: comp        arison is always false due to limited range of data type     33 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/mlme.c:3828: warning: comp        arison is always true due to limited range of data type     34 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/mlme.c:3880: warning: comp        arison is always false due to limited range of data type/WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/mlme.c: In function `AsicA        djustTxPower':     36 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/mlme.c:4439: warning: comp        arison is always false due to limited range of data type/WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c: In function `        NICReadEEPROMParameters':     96 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:1053: warning:         comparison is always false due to limited range of data type     97 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:1066: warning:         comparison is always false due to limited range of data type     98 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:1083: warning:         comparison is always false due to limited range of data type     99 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:1183: warning:         comparison is always false due to limited range of data type    100 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:1187: warning:         comparison is always false due to limited range of data type    101 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:1195: warning:         comparison is always false due to limited range of data type    102 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:1199: warning:         comparison is always false due to limited range of data type    103 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c: In function `        RTMPCckBbpTuning':    104 /WirelessCard/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/debug/rtmp_init.c:3207: warning:         comparison is always true due to limited range of data type分析：on x86 char defaults to signed char, but on the ppc (and ARM, don't know aboutsparc) char =3D=3D unsigned char.gcc has the options -fsigned-char and -funsigned-char to change the signedness of type char通過以上設置與ap的通信依然有點問題，在debug模式下出現的提示信息中有如下內容：(以下信息是在ad-hoc模式下與acer筆記本通信時的信息）PeerBeaconAndProbeRspSanity - missing field, Sanity=0x00可用diff -u  -b  rt_config.h  /download/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/ARM-Module/rt_config.h來比較兩個文件的內容用diff -u  -b  debug  /download/RT73_Linux_STA_Drv1.0.3.6/ARM-Module/比較兩個目錄的文件在rtmp_init.c的第2775行加入語句if (Length ==0) return; IN      PVOID   pSrc,        IN      ULONG   Length) {+       if (Length ==0) return;+ #ifdef RTMP_EMBEDDED(rt_config.h中包含了i386的頭文件,改成arm后編譯鏈接可以通過,但不能正常建立無線連接
后來我使用printk不斷地跟進代碼的執行路徑, 最終才發現在ARM板上向網卡
下的配置數據流和在PC機上向網卡下的配置數據流不一致才確認是結構定義的修飾問題
還有一個空指針問題如果只修改上面兩點, 在ARM上運行時會發生oops原因是使用中存在空指針訪問）__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________If you want for rt73 driver to auto-load at boot time:A) choose rausb0 for first RT73 WLAN card, rausb1 for second RT73 WLAN card, etc. B) create(edit) 'ifcfg-rausb0' file in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/,   edit( or add the line) in /etc/modules.conf:       alias rausb0 rt73C) edit(create) the file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-rausb0   DEVICE='rausb0'   ONBOOT='yes'_______________________________________配置：iwconfig ath0 essid XXXXXXiwconfig ath0 key open YYYYYYYifconfig ath0 up然后就是配ip和網關，我用的dhcpdhcpclient ath0然后就ok了(essid等信息和AP的設置有關，將AP設置中的essid等信息修改一下，就可以在無線網卡的信息中列出來（如果在測試區域內只有一個AP的話）用iwconfig設置無線物理參數：1.網絡標識：[root@Jack ~]#  iwconfig ath0 essid “jack”2.網絡頻率：[root@Jack ~]# iwconfig ath0 freq 5.2G3.網絡頻道：[root@Jack ~]# iwconfig ath0 channel 114.網絡速率：[root@Jack ~]# iwconfig ath0 rate 54M auto5.WEP加密：[root@Jack ~]# iwconfig ath0 key DEAD-BEFF-AA  (可選，默認不加密)6.發射功率： [root@Jack ~]# iwconfig ath0 txpower 30 (可選， 以dBm為單位，自動使用默認值)最常用的工具是 iwconfig，它的用法類似 ifconfig。沒有接口名稱之外的參數的 iwconfig 命令可以得到網卡的工作狀態：gnawux@APTITUDE:~$ /sbin/iwconfig wlan0wlan0     unassociated  ESSID:off/any  Nickname:"ipw2100"          Mode:Managed  Channel=0  Access Point: 00:00:00:00:00:00          Bit Rate=0 kb/s   Tx-Power:off          Retry:on   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off          Power Management:off          Link Quality:0  Signal level:0  Noise level:0          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0使用“mode”參數，你可以更改無線網卡的工作模式APTITUDE:/home/gnawux# iwconfig wlan0 mode 1APTITUDE:/home/gnawux# iwconfig wlan0wlan0     unassociated  ESSID:off/any  Nickname:"ipw2100"          Mode:Ad-Hoc  Channel=0  Cell: 00:00:00:00:00:00          Bit Rate=0 kb/s   Tx-Power:off          Retry:on   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off          Encryption key:off          Power Management:off          Link Quality:0  Signal level:0  Noise level:0          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0這里，我們把網卡的工作模式改成了 Ad Hoc 模式(點對點)了。使用 essid 參數，還可以改動網絡的名稱：APTITUDE:/home/gnawux# iwconfig wlan0 essid gnawuxAPTITUDE:/home/gnawux# iwconfig wlan0wlan0     IEEE 802.11b  ESSID:"gnawux"  Nickname:"ipw2100"          Mode:Ad-Hoc  Frequency:2.412 GHz  Cell: 02:0C:F1:0F:11:2A          Bit Rate=0 kb/s   Tx-Power:off          Retry:on   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off          Encryption key:off          Power Management:off          Link Quality=60/100  Signal level=-83 dBm          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0你可能注意到了，現在我們的很多狀態參數都有了有意義的值，這是因為我們有了一個合法的 ESSID 了。對于其他參數，可以參考 iwconfig(8)。另一個常用工具是 iwlist，這個工具可以用來列出可用資源。使用 scanning 參數，可以看到所有的 AP：gnawux@APTITUDE:~$ /sbin/iwlist wlan0 scanningwlan0     Scan completed :          Cell 01 - Address: 00:0D:BD:6F:B4:48                    ESSID:""                    Protocol:IEEE 802.11b                    Mode:Master                    Channel:6                    Encryption key:on                    Bit Rate:11 Mb/s                    Extra: Rates (Mb/s): 1 2 5.5 11                    Extra: Signal: -70  dBm                    Extra: Last beacon: 59ms ago          Cell 02 - Address: 86:CF:C1:34:12:06                    ESSID:"gnawux"                    Protocol:IEEE 802.11b                    Mode:Ad-Hoc                    Channel:11                    Encryption key:off                    Bit Rate:11 Mb/s                    Extra: Rates (Mb/s): 1 2 5.5 11                    Extra: Signal: -37  dBm                    Extra: Last beacon: 2ms ago而使用 frequency 參數，我們可以得到頻率列表：gnawux@APTITUDE:~$ /sbin/iwlist wlan0 freqwlan0     14 channels in total; available frequencies :          Channel 01 : 2.412 GHz          Channel 02 : 2.417 GHz          Channel 03 : 2.422 GHz          Channel 04 : 2.427 GHz          Channel 05 : 2.432 GHz          Channel 06 : 2.437 GHz          Channel 07 : 2.442 GHz          Channel 08 : 2.447 GHz          Channel 09 : 2.452 GHz          Channel 10 : 2.457 GHz          Channel 11 : 2.462 GHz          Channel 12 : 2.467 GHz          Channel 13 : 2.472 GHz          Channel 14 : 2.484 GHz          Current Channel=1你同樣可以通過 iwlist(8) 得到更多信息。除了上面的兩個，還有很多其他工具，包括 iwevent, iwgetid, iwpriv, iwspy, 用來獲取網卡工作狀態、對網卡進行管理。  四、備份文件用cp在不同的盤中復制往往會出問題,最好用tar打包a.tar cvf aa.tar aa  ;(aa為目錄)b.對復制進行驗證無論使用 cp 還是 tar，您始終都應該驗證復制過程是否成功完成。盡管 tar 對所復制的文件進行了證實（使用 v 選項），但是您應該確保在新的文件系統中正確地創建了這些文件。首先，檢查 du 對舊的和新的系統的輸出$ du -sk /usr3923068 /usr$ du -sk /mnt/usr.tmp3923068 /mnt/usr.tmp這兩個數字應該是相等的，然而，根據新文件系統的類型以及舊文件系統/目錄和新文件系統/目錄中對應的文件和目錄的分配大小的不同，您可能會發現它們在大小上有些細微的差異。另一種好的測試方法是，比較源和目標文件/目錄的數目。您可以使用簡單的 find command 來完成這項工作$ find /usr |wc -l347001$ find /mnt/usr.tmp |wc -l347001_________________________________________________________________