/* Code for exercise 15.2. |  | "C++ Solutions--Companion to The C++ Programming Language, Third Edition" | by David Vandevoorde; Addison-Wesley 1998; ISBN 0-201-30965-3. | | Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software | and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee. | The author makes no representations about the suitability of this | software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or | implied warranty. `----------------------------------------------------------------------*/#include <iostream>#include <typeinfo>using namespace std;#define CTOR(CC) {                                   \   cout << #CC " constructor: "                      \        << typeid(*this).name() << '\n';             \   from_outside(this);                               \   cout << '\n';                                     \}#define DTOR(CC) {                                   \   cout << #CC " destructor: "                       \        << typeid(*this).name() << '\n';             \   from_outside(this);                               \    cout << '\n';                                    \}void from_outside(struct A*);struct A {   A() CTOR(A)   ~A() DTOR(A)};void from_outside(A *object) {   cout << "Located at address: " << (void*)object        << "\nFrom outside: " << typeid(*object).name()        << endl;}void from_outside(struct B *object);struct B: A { // Single inheritance, non-polymorphic base   B() CTOR(B)   virtual ~B() DTOR(B) // makes the class polymorphic};void from_outside(B *object) {   cout << "Located at address: " << (void*)object        << "\nFrom outside: " << typeid(*object).name()        << endl;}struct C: B { // Single inheritance, polymorphic base   C() CTOR(C)   virtual ~C() DTOR(C) // make the class polymorphic};struct D: B { // Single inheritance, polymorphic base   D() CTOR(D)   virtual ~D() DTOR(D) // make the class polymorphic};void from_outside(struct E*);struct E: C, D { // Multiple inheritance, regular bases   E() CTOR(E)   virtual ~E() DTOR(E) // make the class polymorphic};void from_outside(E *object) {   from_outside((C*)object); // Resolve conversion to B*   from_outside((D*)object); // Ditto}struct F: virtual B {   F() CTOR(F)   virtual ~F() DTOR(F) // make the class polymorphic};struct G: virtual B {   G() CTOR(G)   virtual ~G() DTOR(G)};struct H: F, G { // Multiple inheritance, virtual bases   H() CTOR(H)   virtual ~H() DTOR(H)};void from_outside(struct I*);struct I: E, H { // All of it   I() CTOR(I)   virtual ~I() DTOR(I)};void from_outside(I *object) {   from_outside((C*)object); // Resolve conversion to B*   from_outside((D*)object); // Ditto   from_outside((H*)object); // And once more}int main() {   I complex_object;   cout << "Total size of I-object: " << sizeof(I) << endl;}