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<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>①</span></b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>②</span></b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>③</span></b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>④</span></b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋體'>⑤</span></b><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:宋體;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>從</span><span
lang=EN-US>A</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>到</span><span lang=EN-US>C</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:宋體;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的數據流為：</span><span
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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US>A</span></b><b><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體'>→交換機1→路由器→交換機1→交換機2→C</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體'>首先計算機</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>A</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋體'>向交換機<span lang=EN-US>1送出數據（①），其后數據被轉發給路由器（②）進行</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>VLAN</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋體'>間路由。路由后的數據，再從匯聚鏈路返回交換機<span lang=EN-US>1（③）。由于通信目標計算機</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>C</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋體'>并不直連在交換機<span lang=EN-US>1上，因此還需要經過匯聚鏈路轉發到交換機2（④）。在交換機2上，數據最終被轉發到</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt'>C</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋體'>所連的端口<span lang=EN-US>2上，這才完成整個流程（⑤）。<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體'>在這個例子中，僅由<span lang=EN-US>2臺交換機構成網絡，其數據流已經如此復雜，<span
style='color:red'>如果構建橫跨多臺交換機的</span></span></span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;color:red'>VLAN</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋體;color:red'>的話，每個數據流的流向顯然會更加難以把握</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋體'>。<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:13.5pt'><br>
</span><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:red'>網絡的邏輯結構與物理結構</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>為了對應日漸復雜化的數據流，管理員需要從“<span style='color:blue'>邏輯結構</span>”與“<span
style='color:blue'>物理結構</span>”兩方面入手，把握好網絡的現狀。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>物理結構，指的是從物理層和數據鏈路層觀察到的網絡的現狀，表示了網絡的物理布線形態和</span><span
lang=EN-US>VLAN</span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>的設定等等。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>而邏輯結構，則表示從網絡層以上的層面觀察到的網絡結構。下面我們就試著以路由器為中心分析一個</span><span
lang=EN-US>IP</span><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>網絡的邏輯結構。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>還是先前的那個例子，描繪了布線形態和</span><span lang=EN-US>VLAN</span><span
style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>設定的“物理結構”如下圖所示。</span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>1</span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>3</span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>4</span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>交換機</span><span
lang=EN-US>1</span></p>
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