ahead．To help you build your roadmap from Windows NT to Windows 2000，we 
      offer an overview of the key Windows 2000 technologies and 
      services[3]．These advances are detailed in the sections that 
      follow：<BR><BR>&#8226; Active Directory<BR><BR>&#8226; Security<BR><BR>&#8226; 
      Storage<BR><BR>&#8226; Networking<BR><BR>&#8226; Enterprise Management<BR><BR>1．Active 
      Directory<BR><BR><BR><BR>Can you effectively manage every resource in your 
      network with a single logon[4]？Do your users have a meaningful view of 
      these resources？Was it easy for you to build a large，complex，international 
      network with Windows NT？If you’re bound by the limits of down-level（NT 
      3．x-4．0）networks，your answer is probably no—at least not without some 
      headaches[5]．<BR><BR>Microsoft networks that are built with Active 
      Directory can help you when you meet these challenges．Unlike down-level 
      directory services，which are flat，Active Directory is 
      hierarchical[6]．Active Directory stores each of your company’s resources 
      logically，forming a Tree structures[6] that mirrors your enterprise．Every 
      resource in even the largest networks is easy to find and 
      manage．<BR><BR>2．Security<BR><BR><BR><BR>The cornerstone of Windows 2000 
      security is Active Directory．Its support for granular access 
      control，inheritance，and delegation of administrative task gives you the 
      flexibility to secure resources without compromising your network’s 
      purpose[7]．Fine-granted access control is not offered in NT 3．x or 
      4．0．This often torces you to assign permissions that give either too 
      little or too much control[8]．Although Active Directory should be a 
      significant piece of Windows 2000 security strategy，it can not deliver 
      complete enterprise security by 
      itself．<BR><BR>3．Storage<BR><BR><BR><BR>The Encrypting File 
      System（EFS）would not be possible without extensions to NTFS[9]．New 
      Technology File System（NTFS）5．0 is the foundation for several enhancement 
      in Windows 2000．Sharing and managing your company’s data is top 
      priority．You must gain complete control of storage to be a successful 
      administrator．<BR><BR>4．Networking<BR><BR><BR><BR>Storage innovations give 
      you improved tools to manage and share resources．The improvements to 
      networking in Windows 2000 are equally groundbreaking．For example，you have 
      the opportunity in Windows 2000 to remove all NetBIOS traffic from your 
      network．The Dynamic Domain Name System（DDNS）can entirely eliminate your 
      dependence on NetBIOS and WINS．Also，you can now build more secure Virtual 
      Private Networks（VPNs）that leverage PK cryptography[10]．Further，support 
      for Quality of Service（QoS）一a policy-based bandwidth management 
      technology—is added．Some of the topics covered in this section are new in 
      Windows 2000，others represent improvement to existing 
      technologies．<BR><BR>5．Enterprise Management<BR><BR><BR><BR>Along with its 
      advances in directory management，security，public key 
      crypto-graphy，storage，and networking，Windows 2000 includes improvement in 
      enterprise management．Total Cost of Ownership（TCO）is a leading concern 
      shared by many companies．After you deploy a particular technology，a TCO 
      study will consider the cost of maintaining（or owning）[11]．In corporate 
      networks，most TCO efforts are aimed at reducing the expense of managing 
      desktops[12]．<BR><BR><BR><BR>隨著每次Windows新版本的發(fā)行，微軟公司都會(huì)帶來一些創(chuàng)新技術(shù)，用來構(gòu)建更為有用的、可管理的、可擴(kuò)縮的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。Windows 
      2000（前稱Windows NT 5. 0）也不例外。事實(shí)上，這是一個(gè)至今為止最具創(chuàng)新性的版本。Windows 
      2000操作系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品系列共有以下4個(gè)獨(dú)立的產(chǎn)品。<BR><BR>Windows 2000專業(yè)版：替代Windows NT 4. 
      0工作站，是微軟桌面操作系統(tǒng)的旗艦產(chǎn)品。<BR><BR>Windows 2000服務(wù)器版：替代Windows NT 4. 
      0服務(wù)器的新產(chǎn)品，從先前支持雙路對稱多處理器的NT 4. 0服務(wù)器升級為支持四路對稱多處理器技術(shù)。<BR><BR>Windows 
      2000高級服務(wù)器版：Windows NT 4. 0服務(wù)器企業(yè)版的替代產(chǎn)品。新產(chǎn)品支持四路對稱多處理器。從先前的NT 4. 
      0服務(wù)器企業(yè)版升級后，支持八路對稱多處理器。如它的前身一樣，這個(gè)版本支持大物理內(nèi)存、群集和負(fù)載均衡。<BR><BR>Windows 
      2000數(shù)據(jù)中心服務(wù)器版：這是微軟提供的新品。它支持十六路對稱多處理器，最大達(dá)64GB的物理內(nèi)存、群集和負(fù)載均衡。<BR><BR>上述這些產(chǎn)品都帶有關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，這些技術(shù)改變了人們計(jì)劃、設(shè)計(jì)和布置微軟網(wǎng)絡(luò)的方式。為了使用如活動(dòng)目錄、動(dòng)態(tài)域名系統(tǒng)、智能鏡像等開創(chuàng)性的特性，應(yīng)該使計(jì)劃更具前瞻性。為了幫助用戶設(shè)計(jì)從NT遷移到Windows 
      2000的方案，本文對Windows 2000的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和服務(wù)做一些概要性的介紹。詳細(xì)介紹Windows 
      2000的優(yōu)點(diǎn)：活動(dòng)目錄、安全性、存儲、聯(lián)網(wǎng)和企業(yè)管理。<BR><BR>1．活動(dòng)目錄<BR><BR>你能通過單一登錄有效地管理網(wǎng)絡(luò)里的每一種資源么？用戶都能觀察到這些資源的意義么？用NT構(gòu)建一個(gè)大而復(fù)雜的國際網(wǎng)絡(luò)容易么？假如你受限于低版本的NT（3. 
      x ~ 4. 
      0）網(wǎng)絡(luò)，那么答案很可能是“不”——至少有些頭疼吧？<BR><BR>用活動(dòng)目錄構(gòu)建微軟的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，能幫助你接受這些挑戰(zhàn)。與以前低級目錄服務(wù)（它們是平面的）不同，而活動(dòng)目錄是分層次結(jié)構(gòu)的。活動(dòng)目錄邏輯上存儲了公司中的每一資源，形成樹狀結(jié)構(gòu)來反映公司。即使在最大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)里，任何資源都容易找到和管理。<BR><BR>2．安全性<BR><BR>Windows 
      2000安全性的基石是活動(dòng)目錄。它支持粒度訪問控制、繼承性和可管理任務(wù)的委派，所有的這些都讓用戶以足夠的靈活性去保障資源安全而不造成網(wǎng)絡(luò)泄密。NT3. 
      x或者NT 4．0并沒有提供比較好的訪問控制，這迫使你分配的權(quán)限不是太多就是太少。雖然，活動(dòng)目錄算是Windows 
      2000安全策略里的重要部分，但它自身并沒有提供完整的企業(yè)安全性。<BR><BR>3．存儲<BR><BR>沒有NTFS的擴(kuò)展是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)加密文件系統(tǒng)的。NTFS 
      5．0是一些Windows 
      2000增強(qiáng)功能的基礎(chǔ)共享和管理公司的數(shù)據(jù)的優(yōu)先級最高。作為一個(gè)成功的系統(tǒng)管理員，你必須具有完整的存儲控制權(quán)。<BR><BR>4．聯(lián)網(wǎng)<BR><BR>存儲方面的創(chuàng)新，為你提供了用來管理和共享資源的更好手段。Windows 
      2000聯(lián)網(wǎng)方面的改進(jìn)同樣具有開創(chuàng)性。例如，在Windows 
      2000中，你有條件消除網(wǎng)絡(luò)里的所有NetBIOS通信量。動(dòng)態(tài)域名系統(tǒng)徹底消除了對NetBIOS和WINS的依賴。另外，還可以構(gòu)建更加安全的虛擬專用網(wǎng)（VPN），它影響到公鑰密碼技術(shù)。還有，增加了對服務(wù)質(zhì)量（QoS）的支持—一一個(gè)基于策略的帶寬管理技術(shù)。這里討論的一些技術(shù)在Windows 
      2000里是全新的，其他則是對現(xiàn)有技術(shù)的改進(jìn)。<BR><BR>5．企業(yè)管理<BR><BR>隨著目錄管理、安全性、公鑰密碼技術(shù)、存儲和聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，Windows 
      2000也增加了對企業(yè)管理的改進(jìn)?？倱碛谐杀荆═CO）是許多公司共同關(guān)心的頭等大事。在布署一項(xiàng)技術(shù)后，TCO的研究要考慮維護(hù)（或擁有）成本。在企業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，致力于TCO的目標(biāo)大多是減少桌面管理的費(fèi)用。<BR><BR></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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