## Example Python module for prepaid usage using MySQL# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or# (at your option) any later version.# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the# GNU General Public License for more details.# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA## Copyright 2002 Miguel A.L. Paraz <mparaz@mparaz.com># Copyright 2002 Imperium Technology, Inc.import radiusdimport MySQLdb# ConfigurationconfigDb = 'python'                     # Database nameconfigHost = 'localhost'                # Database hostconfigUser = 'python'                   # Database user and passwordconfigPasswd = 'python'         # xxx Database # GlobalsdbHandle = Nonedef log(level, s):  """Log function."""  radiusd.radlog(level, 'prepaid.py: ' + s)def instantiate(p):  """Module Instantiation.  0 for success, -1 for failure.  p is a dummy variable here."""  global dbHandle  p = p  try:    dbHandle = MySQLdb.connect(db=configDb, host=configHost,                               user=configUser, passwd=configPasswd)  except MySQLdb.OperationalError, e:    # Report the error and return -1 for failure.    # xxx A more advanced module would retry the database.    log(radiusd.L_ERR, str(e))    return -1  log(radiusd.L_INFO, 'db connection: ' + str(dbHandle))  return 0def authorize(authData):  """Authorization and authentication are done in one step."""  # Extract the data we need.  userName = None  userPasswd = None    for t in authData:    if t[0] == 'User-Name':      userName = t[1]    elif t[0] == 'Password':      userPasswd = t[1]  # Build and log the SQL statement  # radiusd puts double quotes (") around the string representation of  # the RADIUS packet.  sql = 'select passwd, maxseconds from users where username = ' +  userName    log(radiusd.L_DBG, sql)  # Get a cursor  # xxx Or should this be one cursor all throughout?  try:    dbCursor = dbHandle.cursor()  except MySQLdb.OperationalError, e:    log(radiusd.L_ERR, str(e))    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_FAIL  # Execute the SQL statement  try:    dbCursor.execute(sql)  except MySQLdb.OperationalError, e:    log(radiusd.L_ERR, str(e))    dbCursor.close()    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_FAIL    # Get the result. (passwd, maxseconds)  result = dbCursor.fetchone()  if not result:    # User not found    log(radiusd.L_INFO, 'user not found: ' + userName)    dbCursor.close()    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_NOTFOUND   # Compare passwords  # Ignore the quotes around userPasswd.  if result[0] != userPasswd[1:-1]:    log(radiusd.L_DBG, 'user password mismatch: ' + userName)    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_REJECT  maxSeconds = result[1]  # Compute their session limit    # Build and log the SQL statement  sql = 'select sum(seconds) from sessions where username = ' + userName  log(radiusd.L_DBG, sql)    # Execute the SQL statement  try:    dbCursor.execute(sql)  except MySQLdb.OperationalError, e:    log(radiusd.L_ERR, str(e))    dbCursor.close()    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_FAIL    # Get the result. (sum,)  result = dbCursor.fetchone()  if (not result) or (not result[0]):    # No usage yet    secondsUsed = 0  else:    secondsUsed = result[0]  # Done with cursor  dbCursor.close()  # Note that MySQL returns the result of SUM() as a float.  sessionTimeout = maxSeconds - int(secondsUsed)    if sessionTimeout <= 0:    # No more time, reject outright    log(radiusd.L_INFO, 'user out of time: ' + userName)        return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_REJECT  # Log the success  log(radiusd.L_DBG, 'user accepted: %s, %d seconds' %      (userName, sessionTimeout))  # We are adding to the RADIUS packet  # Note that the session timeout integer must be converted to string.  # We need to set an Auth-Type.  return (radiusd.RLM_MODULE_UPDATED,          (('Session-Timeout', str(sessionTimeout)),),          (('Auth-Type', 'python'),))    def authenticate(p):  p = p  return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OKdef preacct(p):  p = p  return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OKdef accounting(acctData):  """Accounting."""  # Extract the data we need.  userName = None  acctSessionTime = None  acctStatusType = None  # xxx A dict would make this nice.  for t in acctData:    if t[0] == 'User-Name':      userName = t[1]    elif t[0] == 'Acct-Session-Time':      acctSessionTime = t[1]    elif t[0] == 'Acct-Status-Type':      acctStatusType = t[1]  # We will not deal with Start for now.  # We may later, for simultaneous checks and the like.  if acctStatusType == 'Start':    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OK    # Build and log the SQL statement  # radiusd puts double quotes (") around the string representation of  # the RADIUS packet.  #  # xxx This is simplistic as it does not record the time, etc.  #   sql = 'insert into sessions (username, seconds) values (%s, %d)' % \        (userName, int(acctSessionTime))    log(radiusd.L_DBG, sql)  # Get a cursor  # xxx Or should this be one cursor all throughout?  try:    dbCursor = dbHandle.cursor()  except MySQLdb.OperationalError, e:    log(radiusd.L_ERR, str(e))    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_FAIL  # Execute the SQL statement  try:    dbCursor.execute(sql)  except MySQLdb.OperationalError, e:    log(radiusd.L_ERR, str(e))    dbCursor.close()    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_FAIL    return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OKdef detach():  """Detach and clean up."""  # Shut down the database connection.  global dbHandle  log(radiusd.L_DBG, 'closing database handle: ' + str(dbHandle))  dbHandle.close()  return radiusd.RLM_MODULE_OK# Test the modules if __name__ == '__main__':  instantiate(None)  print authorize((('User-Name', '"map"'), ('User-Password', '"abc"')))