?? learn c and c++ reference.mht
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Subject: LEARN C/C++ TODAY
Date: Thu, 4 Nov 2004 07:18:34 +0800
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tutorials available to a user including interactive tutorials, =
public-domain code collections, books etc."=20
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<DIV id=3DTitle style=3D"WIDTH: 719px; HEIGHT: 97px">LEARN C/C++ =
TODAY</DIV>
<DIV class=3DPost>
<P>Last-modified: May 10, 2004<BR>
<HR noShade SIZE=3D1>
<SPAN class=3DPostTitle>Introduction:</SPAN>=20
<P>This is a list of a few C and C++ language tutorials available to a =
user.=20
This list will include interactive tutorials, public-domain code =
collections,=20
books etc. I've developed this FAQ purely as a volunteer effort as a =
service to=20
the Internet community. Although every effort has been made to insure =
that all=20
the information here is as accurate as possible, no guarantee is implied =
or=20
intended.=20
<P>I welcome <A href=3D"mailto:vin@cyberdiem.com">comments, suggestions =
or=20
criticism</A> for all the people out there on the net that read this. If =
you can=20
help me make this list a little better, you will be helping a lot of =
people out=20
there on the net. I am a horrible writer and an even worse speller. If =
you find=20
any errors or would like to suggest any additions please feel free to
<SCRIPT type=3Dtext/javascript>
</SCRIPT>
Some of the items discussed here are platform-dependent, but most of =
the items=20
are applicable across all platforms (portable). If you have any =
comments,=20
suggestions, complaints, additions, etc, please feel free to
<SCRIPT type=3Dtext/javascript>
</SCRIPT>
=20
<P>If you are working on a tutorial or would like something added to =
this list,=20
please e-mail me at the address given above. I must note that I =
haven't=20
been looking for or adding new resources since about 1996. I =
discovered=20
Java and have since been putting all my energies into learning and =
teaching=20
Java. But I've tried to make sure that all the links are current =
and so if=20
you notice something wrong, just let me know.=20
<P>
<HR noShade SIZE=3D1>
<SPAN class=3DPostTitle>The Origins of C and C++:</SPAN>=20
<P>The 'C' programming language was originally developed for and =
implemented on=20
the UNIX operating system, on a DEC PDP-11 by Dennis Ritchie. One of the =
best=20
features of C is that it is not tied to any particular hardware or =
system. This=20
makes it easy for a user to write programs that will run without any =
changes on=20
practically all machines. C is often called a middle-level computer =
language as=20
it combines the elements of high-level languages with the functionalism =
of=20
assembly language.=20
<P>C allows the manipulation of bits, bytes and addresses- the basic =
elements=20
with which the computer functions. Another good point about C is its =
portability=20
which makes it possible to adapt software written for one type of =
computer to=20
another. C was created, influenced, and field tested by working =
programmers. The=20
end result is that C gives the programmer what the programmer wants. C =
offers=20
the speed of assembly language and the extensibility of FORTH, but few =
of the=20
restrictions of Pascal and Modula-2.=20
<P>C++ is an enhanced version of the C language. C++ includes everything =
that is=20
part of C and adds support for object-oriented programming (OOP). In =
addition,=20
C++ also contains many improvements and features that make it a "better =
C",=20
independent of object oriented programming. C++ is actually an =
extendible=20
language since we can define new types in such a way that they act just =
like the=20
predefined types which are part of the standard language.=20
<P>If you just use C++ as a better C, you will not be using all of its =
power.=20
Like any quality tool, C++ must be used the way it was designed to be =
used to=20
exploit its richness. Some of the new features include encapsulation, =
inline=20
function calls, overloading operators, inheritance and polymorphism. I =
am not=20
going to explain what they mean here as that would simply take me away =
from my=20
purpose here, but you can refer to any good C++ book or the <A=20
href=3D"http://www.cyberdiem.com/vin/learn.html#C++ FAQ">C++ FAQ </A>for =
more=20
information.=20
<HR noShade SIZE=3D1>
<SPAN class=3DPostTitle>What do you need to get started?</SPAN>=20
<P>The first thing you need is a compiler. A compiler reads the entire =
program=20
and converts it into object code, which is a translation of the program =
source=20
code into a form that the computer can execute directly. </P><B><U>UNIX=20
SYSTEM:</B></U>=20
<P>Type cc at the % prompt. If you don't get any error messages, you =
probably=20
have a C compiler . If you get an error message, try acc, gcc or g++. If =
any of=20
these don't work, contact your local system administrator and ask =
him/her to get=20
you a C/C++ compiler. <A href=3D"ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu">GNU =
C/C++</A>=20
compiler is available from a lot of anonymous ftp sites free of charge. =
Look=20
into it. (I've got g++ running on my <A=20
href=3D"http://www.cyberdiem.com/vin/linux.html">Linux</A> box without =
any=20
problems) </P><B><U>Windows/Linux (IBM COMPATIBLES):</B></U>=20
<P>There are a lot of good compilers available to you. Check out <A=20
href=3D"http://www.simtel.net/pub/msdos/c/">http://www.simtel.net/pub/msd=
os/c/</A>=20
or <A=20
href=3D"http://www.simtel.net/pub/msdos/cpluspls/">http://www.simtel.net/=
pub/msdos/cpluspls/</A>=20
for a ton of free and shareware compilers</A> for the Windows platform. =
I can't=20
recommand any of them as most of my C or C++ programming is now on my =
Linux PC=20
with with <A href=3D"http://www.cygnus.com/codefusion/">Code Fusion</A>. =
If you=20
want a great 32 bit operating system, you should look into <A=20
href=3D"http://www.linux.com/">Linux</A>. I've been a Linux user since =
early 93=20
when the kernel was 0.99 or 0.97 and Slackware and SLS were the only=20
distributions. Anyone remember those days?? :) </P>
<P>If you're serious about Linux, start by getting a copy of <A=20
href=3D"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/156592469X/learncctoday">R=
unning=20
Linux by Matt Welsh</A>. This is really a great book and will give you a =
great=20
start. You can also start by getting a copy of <A=20
href=3D"http://www.redhat.com/">RedHat</A>, <A=20
href=3D"http://www.caldera.com/">Caldera</A>, <A=20
href=3D"http://www.slackware.com/">Slackware</A> or <A=20
href=3D"http://www.debian.org/">Debian</A> Linux and starting off that =
way. You=20
can also start by getting a new PC from <A=20
href=3D"http://www.dell.com/linux/">DELL with Linux pre-installed.</A> I =
don't own=20
any stock in DELL, I just love their PC's. In fact, I don't own any =
stocks of=20
RedHat either as I was screwed by E-trade like all of the other people =
that got=20
their special invitation from RedHat.</P><B><U>OpenVMS (VAX & =
AXP):</B></U>=20
<P>If you're on a VAX, type in CC to check and see if you have a C =
compiler. VAX=20
C is not the best compiler around, but it certainly does the job. If you =
don't=20
have a C compiler, look into the GNU C/C++ compiler GCC. You can get the =
VAX=20
version of GCC from ftp.spc.edu via anonymous ftp. If on a AXP system, =
you=20
should have access to DEC C/C++. Please contact your local system =
administrator=20
or computer consultant for more site specific questions. =
</P><B><U>Macintosh=20
(Apple/PowerMac):</B></U> There are three main players in the Mac =
compiler=20
market: MPW (from Apple), THINK C / Symantec C++ (both from Symantec), =
or=20
CodeWarrior (from Metroworks): THINK C is $225 (only a C compiler), =
while=20
Symantec C++ is $375 (includes C and C++ compilers). CodeWarrior comes =
in three=20
versions: bronze, silver, and gold, at $199/299/399, respectively. =
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