(*

Fast Memory Manager 4.70

Description:
 A fast replacement memory manager for Borland Delphi Win32 applications that
 scales well under multi-threaded usage, is not prone to memory fragmentation,
 and supports shared memory without the use of external .DLL files.

Homepage:
 http://fastmm.sourceforge.net

Advantages:
 - Fast
 - Low overhead. FastMM is designed for an average of 5% and maximum of 10%
   overhead per block.
 - Supports up to 3GB of user mode address space under Windows 32-bit and 4GB
   under Windows 64-bit. Add the "$SetPEFlags $20" option (in curly braces)
   to your .dpr to enable this.
 - Highly aligned memory blocks. Can be configured for either 8-byte or 16-byte
   alignment.
 - Good scaling under multi-threaded applications
 - Intelligent reallocations. Avoids slow memory move operations through
   not performing unneccesary downsizes and by having a minimum percentage
   block size growth factor when an in-place block upsize is not possible.
 - Resistant to address space fragmentation
 - No external DLL required when sharing memory between the application and
   external libraries (provided both use this memory manager)
 - Optionally reports memory leaks on program shutdown. (This check can be set
   to be performed only if Delphi is currently running on the machine, so end
   users won't be bothered by the error message.)
 - Supports Delphi 4 (or later), C++ Builder 5 (or later), Kylix 3.

Usage:
 Delphi:
  Place this unit as the very first unit under the "uses" section in your
  project's .dpr file. When sharing memory between an application and a DLL
  (e.g. when passing a long string or dynamic array to a DLL function), both the
  main application and the DLL must be compiled using this memory manager (with
  the required conditional defines set). There are some conditional defines
  (inside FastMM4Options.inc) that may be used to tweak the memory manager. To
  enable support for a user mode address space greater than 2GB you will have to
  use the EditBin* tool to set the LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE flag in the EXE header.
  This informs Windows x64 or Windows 32-bit (with the /3GB option set) that the
  application supports an address space larger than 2GB (up to 4GB). In Delphi 7
  and later you can also specify this flag through the compiler directive
  {$SetPEFlags $20}
  *The EditBin tool ships with the MS Visual C compiler.
 C++ Builder 6:
  Refer to the instructions inside FastMM4BCB.cpp.

License:
 This work is copyright Professional Software Development / Pierre le Riche. It
 is released under a dual license, and you may choose to use it under either the
 Mozilla Public License 1.1 (MPL 1.1, available from
 http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/MPL-1.1.html) or the GNU Lesser General Public
 License 2.1 (LGPL 2.1, available from
 http://www.opensource.org/licenses/lgpl-license.php). If you find FastMM useful
 or you would like to support further development, a donation would be much
 appreciated. My banking details are:
   Country: South Africa
   Bank: ABSA Bank Ltd
   Branch: Somerset West
   Branch Code: 334-712
   Account Name: PSD (Distribution)
   Account No.: 4041827693
   Swift Code: ABSAZAJJ
 My PayPal account is:
   bof@psd.co.za

Contact Details:
 My contact details are shown below if you would like to get in touch with me.
 If you use this memory manager I would like to hear from you: please e-mail me
 your comments - good and bad.
 Snailmail:
   PO Box 2514
   Somerset West
   7129
   South Africa
 E-mail:
   plr@psd.co.za

Support:
 If you have trouble using FastMM, you are welcome to drop me an e-mail at the
 address above, or you may post your questions in the BASM newsgroup on the
 Borland news server (which is where I hang out quite frequently).

Disclaimer:
 FastMM has been tested extensively with both single and multithreaded
 applications on various hardware platforms, but unfortunately I am not in a
 position to make any guarantees. Use it at your own risk.

Acknowledgements (for version 4):
 - Eric Grange for his RecyclerMM on which the earlier versions of FastMM were
   based. RecyclerMM was what inspired me to try and write my own memory
   manager back in early 2004.
 - Dennis Christensen for his tireless efforts with the Fastcode project:
   helping to develop, optimize and debug the growing Fastcode library.
 - Pierre Y. for his suggestions regarding the extension of the memory leak
   checking options.
 - Anders Isaksson and Greg for finding and identifying the "DelphiIsRunning"
   bug under Delphi 5.
 - Francois Malan for finding the bug that caused compilation to fail when
   both the "AssumeMultiThreaded" and "CheckHeapForCorruption" options were set.
 - Craig Peterson for helping me identify the cache associativity issues that
   could arise due to medium blocks always being an exact multiple of 256 bytes.
   Also for various other bug reports and enhancement suggestions.
 - Jarek Karciarz, Vladimir Ulchenko (Vavan) and Bob Gonder for their help in
   implementing the BCB support.
 - Ben Taylor for his suggestion to display the object class of all memory
   leaks.
 - Jean Marc Eber and Vincent Mahon (the Memcheck guys) for the call stack
   trace code and also the method used to catch virtual method calls on freed
   objects.
 - Nahan Hyn for the suggestion to be able to enable or disable memory leak
   reporting through a global variable (the "ManualLeakReportingControl"
   option.)
 - Leonel Togniolli for various suggestions with regard to enhancing the bug
   tracking features of FastMM and other helpful advice.
 - Joe Bain and Leonel Togniolli for the workaround to QC#10922 affecting
   compilation under Delphi 2005.
 - Robert Marquardt for the suggestion to make localisation of FastMM easier by
   having all string constants together.
 - Simon Kissel and Fikret Hasovic for their help in implementing Kylix support.
 - Matthias Thoma, Petr Vones, Robert Rossmair and the rest of the JCL team for
   their debug info library used in the debug info support DLL and also the
   code used to check for a valid call site in the "raw" stack trace code.
 - Andreas Hausladen for the suggestion to use an external DLL to enable the
   reporting of debug information.
 - Alexander Tabakov for various good suggestions regarding the debugging
   facilities of FastMM.
 - M. Skloff for some useful suggestions and bringing to my attention some
   compiler warnings.
 - Martin Aignesberger for the code to use madExcept instead of the JCL library
   inside the debug info support DLL.
 - Diederik and Dennis Passmore for the suggestion to be able to register
   expected leaks.
 - Dario Tiraboschi and Mark Gebauer for pointing out the problems that occur
   when range checking and complete boolean evaluation is turned on.
 - Hanspeter Widmer for his suggestion to have an option to display install and
   uninstall debug messages and moving options to a separate file.
 - Arthur Hoornweg for notifying me of the image base being incorrect for
   borlndmm.dll.
 - Theo Carr-Brion and Hanspeter Widmer for finding the false alarm error
   message "Block Header Has Been Corrupted" bug in FullDebugMode.
 - Danny Heijl for reporting the compiler error in "release" mode.
 - Omar Zelaya for reporting the BCB support regression bug.
 - Dan Miser for various good suggestions, e.g. not logging expected leaks to
   file, enhancements the stack trace and messagebox functionality, etc.
 - Arjen de Ruijter for fixing the bug in GetMemoryLeakType that caused it
   to not properly detect expected leaks registered by class when in
   "FullDebugMode".
 - Aleksander Oven for reporting the installation problem when trying to use
   FastMM in an application together with libraries that all use runtime
   packages.
 - Kristofer Skaug for reporting the bug that sometimes causes the leak report
   to be shown, even when all the leaks have been registered as expected leaks.
   Also for some useful enhancement suggestions.
 - G黱ther Schoch for the "RequireDebuggerPresenceForLeakReporting" option.
 - Jan Schl黷er for the "ForceMMX" option.
 - Hallvard Vassbotn for various good enhancement suggestions.
 - Mark Edington for some good suggestions and bug reports.
 - Paul Ishenin for reporting the compilation error when the NoMessageBoxes
   option is set and also the missing call stack entries issue when "raw" stack
   traces are enabled, as well as for the Russian translation.
 - Cristian Nicola for reporting the compilation bug when the
   CatchUseOfFreedInterfaces option was enabled (4.40).
 - Mathias Rauen (madshi) for improving the support for madExcept in the debug
   info support DLL.
 - Roddy Pratt for the BCB5 support code.
 - Rene Mihula for the Czech translation.
 - Artur Redzko for the Polish translation.
 - Bart van der Werf for helping me solve the DLL unload order problem when
   using the debug mode borlndmm.dll library.
 - JRG ("The Delphi Guy") for the Spanish translation.
 - Justus Janssen for Delphi 4 support.
 - Vadim Lopushansky and Charles Vinal for reporting the Delphi 5 compile error
   in version 4.50.
 - Johni Jeferson Capeletto for the Brazilian Portuguese translation.
 - Kurt Fitzner for reporting the BCb6 compiler error in 4.52.
 - Michal Niklas for reporting the Kylix compiler error in 4.54.
 - Thomas Speck and Uwe Queisser for German translations.
 - Zaenal Mutaqin for the Indonesian translation.
 - Carlos Macao for the Portuguese translation.
 - Michael Winter for catching the performance issue when reallocating certain
   block sizes.
 - dzmitry[li] for the Belarussian translation.
 - Marcelo Montenegro for the updated Spanish translation.
 - Jud Cole for finding and reporting the bug which may trigger a read access
   violation when upsizing certain small block sizes together with the
   "UseCustomVariableSizeMoveRoutines" option.
 - Zdenek Vasku for reporting and fixing the memory manager sharing bug
   affecting Windows 95/98/Me.
 - RB Winston for suggesting the improvement to GExperts "backup" support.
 - Thomas Schulz for reporting the bug affecting large address space support
   under FullDebugMode.
 - Luigi Sandon for the Italian translation.
 - Primoz Gabrijelcic for helping to track down the RawStackTraces A/V bug.
 - Werner Bochtler and Markus Beth for suggesting the
   "NeverSleepOnThreadContention" option.
 - JiYuan Xie for the Simplified Chinese translation.
 - Andrey Shtukaturov for the updated Russian translation, as well as the
   Ukrainian translation.
 - Dimitry Timokhov for finding two elusive bugs in the memory leak class
   detection code.
 - Everyone who have made donations. Thanks!
 - Any other Fastcoders or supporters that I have forgotten, and also everyone
   that helped with the older versions.

Change log:
 Version 1.00 (28 June 2004):
  - First version (called PSDMemoryManager). Based on RecyclerMM (free block
    stack approach) by Eric Grange.
 Version 2.00 (3 November 2004):
  - Complete redesign and rewrite from scratch. Name changed to FastMM to
    reflect this fact. Uses a linked-list approach. Is faster, has less memory
    overhead, and will now catch most bad pointers on FreeMem calls.
 Version 3.00 (1 March 2005):
  - Another rewrite. Reduced the memory overhead by: (a) not having a separate
    memory area for the linked list of free blocks (uses space inside free
    blocks themselves) (b) batch managers are allocated as part of chunks (c)
    block size lookup table size reduced. This should make FastMM more CPU
    cache friendly.
 Version 4.00 (7 June 2005):
  - Yet another rewrite. FastMM4 is in fact three memory managers in one: Small
    blocks (up to a few KB) are managed through the binning model in the same
    way as previous versions, medium blocks (from a few KB up to approximately
    256K) are allocated in a linked-list fashion, and large blocks are grabbed
    directly from the system through VirtualAlloc. This 3-layered design allows
    very fast operation with the most frequently used block sizes (small
    blocks), while also minimizing fragmentation and imparting significant
    overhead savings with blocks larger than a few KB.
 Version 4.01 (8 June 2005):
  - Added the options "RequireDebugInfoForLeakReporting" and
    "RequireIDEPresenceForLeakReporting" as suggested by Pierre Y.
  - Fixed the "DelphiIsRunning" function not working under Delphi 5, and
    consequently no leak checking. (Reported by Anders Isaksson and Greg.)
 Version 4.02 (8 June 2005):
  - Fixed the compilation error when both the "AssumeMultiThreaded" and
    "CheckHeapForCorruption options were set. (Reported by Francois Malan.)