/* * SpanDSP - a series of DSP components for telephony * * echo.c - An echo cancellor, suitable for electrical and acoustic *	    cancellation. This code does not currently comply with *	    any relevant standards (e.g. G.164/5/7/8). One day.... * * Written by Steve Underwood <steveu@coppice.org> * * Copyright (C) 2001 Steve Underwood * * Based on a bit from here, a bit from there, eye of toad, * ear of bat, etc - plus, of course, my own 2 cents. * * All rights reserved. * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. * *//* TODO:   Finish the echo suppressor option, however nasty suppression may be   Add an option to reintroduce side tone at -24dB under appropriate conditions.   Improve double talk detector (iterative!)*/#ifndef _ZAPTEL_SEC_H#define _ZAPTEL_SEC_H#ifdef __KERNEL__#include <linux/kernel.h>#include <linux/slab.h>#define MALLOC(a) kmalloc((a), GFP_KERNEL)#define FREE(a) kfree(a)#else#include <stdlib.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <stdint.h>#include <string.h>#define MALLOC(a) malloc(a)#define FREE(a) free(a)#endif#include "fir.h"#ifndef NULL#define NULL 0#endif#ifndef FALSE#define FALSE 0#endif#ifndef TRUE#define TRUE (!FALSE)#endif#define NONUPDATE_DWELL_TIME	600 	/* 600 samples, or 75ms */typedef struct{    int tx_power;    int rx_power;    int clean_rx_power;    int rx_power_threshold;    int nonupdate_dwell;    fir16_state_t fir_state;    int16_t *fir_taps16;	/* 16-bit version of FIR taps */    int32_t *fir_taps32;	 /* 32-bit version of FIR taps */    int curr_pos;	    int taps;    int tap_mask;    int use_nlp;    int use_suppressor;        int32_t supp_test1;    int32_t supp_test2;    int32_t supp1;    int32_t supp2;    int32_t latest_correction;  /* Indication of the magnitude of the latest    				   adaption, or a code to indicate why adaption				   was skipped, for test purposes */} echo_can_state_t;static echo_can_state_t *echo_can_create(int len, int adaption_mode);static void echo_can_free(echo_can_state_t *ec);static int16_t echo_can_update(echo_can_state_t *ec, int16_t tx, int16_t rx);/* * According to Jim... */#define MIN_TX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION   512#define MIN_RX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION   64/* * According to Steve... *//* #define MIN_TX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION 4096#define MIN_RX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION 64 */static inline echo_can_state_t *echo_can_create(int len, int adaption_mode){    echo_can_state_t *ec;    void *ptr;        ptr = ec = (echo_can_state_t *) MALLOC(sizeof(*ec) + len * sizeof(int32_t) +						   len * sizeof(int16_t));    if (ec == NULL)    	return  NULL;    memset(ec, 0, sizeof(*ec) + len * sizeof(int32_t) + len * sizeof(int16_t));    ec->taps = len;    ec->curr_pos = len - 1;    ec->tap_mask = len - 1;    ec->fir_taps32 = (int32_t *) (ptr + sizeof(*ec));    ec->fir_taps16 = (int16_t *) (ptr + sizeof(*ec) + len * sizeof(int32_t));    /* Create FIR filter */    fir16_create(&ec->fir_state, ec->fir_taps16, ec->taps);    ec->rx_power_threshold = 10000000;    ec->use_suppressor = FALSE;    /* Non-linear processor - a fancy way to say "zap small signals, to avoid       accumulating noise". */    ec->use_nlp = FALSE;    return  ec;}/*- End of function --------------------------------------------------------*/static inline void echo_can_free(echo_can_state_t *ec){    fir16_free(&ec->fir_state);    FREE(ec);}/*- End of function --------------------------------------------------------*/static inline int16_t echo_can_update(echo_can_state_t *ec, int16_t tx, int16_t rx){    int offset1;    int offset2;    int32_t echo_value;    int clean_rx;    int nsuppr;    int i;    int correction;    /* Evaluate the echo - i.e. apply the FIR filter */    /* Assume the gain of the FIR does not exceed unity. Exceeding unity       would seem like a rather poor thing for an echo cancellor to do :)       This means we can compute the result with a total disregard for       overflows. 16bits x 16bits -> 31bits, so no overflow can occur in       any multiply. While accumulating we may overflow and underflow the       32 bit scale often. However, if the gain does not exceed unity,       everything should work itself out, and the final result will be       OK, without any saturation logic. */    /* Overflow is very much possible here, and we do nothing about it because       of the compute costs */    /* 16 bit coeffs for the LMS give lousy results (maths good, actual sound       bad!), but 32 bit coeffs require some shifting. On balance 32 bit seems       best */    echo_value = fir16 (&ec->fir_state, tx);    /* And the answer is..... */    clean_rx = rx - echo_value;    /* That was the easy part. Now we need to adapt! */    if (ec->nonupdate_dwell > 0)    	ec->nonupdate_dwell--;    /* If there is very little being transmitted, any attempt to train is       futile. We would either be training on the far end's noise or signal,       the channel's own noise, or our noise. Either way, this is hardly good       training, so don't do it (avoid trouble). */    /* If the received power is very low, either we are sending very little or       we are already well adapted. There is little point in trying to improve       the adaption under these circumstanceson, so don't do it (reduce the       compute load). */    if (ec->tx_power > MIN_TX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION    	&&	ec->rx_power > MIN_RX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION)    {    	/* This is a really crude piece of decision logic, but it does OK	   for now. */    	if (ec->tx_power > 2*ec->rx_power)	{            /* There is no far-end speech detected */            if (ec->nonupdate_dwell == 0)	    {	    	/* ... and we are not in the dwell time from previous speech. */		//nsuppr = saturate((clean_rx << 16)/ec->tx_power);		nsuppr = clean_rx >> 3;		/* Update the FIR taps */                offset2 = ec->curr_pos + 1;                offset1 = ec->taps - offset2;		ec->latest_correction = 0;                for (i = ec->taps - 1;  i >= offset1;  i--)		{		    correction = ec->fir_state.history[i - offset1]*nsuppr;                    /* Leak to avoid false training on signals with multiple                       strong correlations. */                    ec->fir_taps32[i] -= (ec->fir_taps32[i] >> 12);		    ec->fir_taps32[i] += correction;		    ec->fir_state.coeffs[i] = ec->fir_taps32[i] >> 15;		    ec->latest_correction += abs(correction);        	}                for (  ;  i >= 0;  i--)		{		    correction = ec->fir_state.history[i + offset2]*nsuppr;                    /* Leak to avoid false training on signals with multiple                       strong correlations. */                    ec->fir_taps32[i] -= (ec->fir_taps32[i] >> 12);		    ec->fir_taps32[i] += correction;                    ec->fir_state.coeffs[i] = ec->fir_taps32[i] >> 15;		    ec->latest_correction += abs(correction);    	    	}    	    }	    else	    {        	ec->latest_correction = -1;    	    }	}	else	{            ec->nonupdate_dwell = NONUPDATE_DWELL_TIME;    	    ec->latest_correction = -2;	}    }    else    {        ec->nonupdate_dwell = 0;        ec->latest_correction = -3;    }    /* Calculate short term power levels using very simple single pole IIRs */    /* TODO: Is the nasty modulus approach the fastest, or would a real       tx*tx power calculation actually be faster? */    ec->tx_power += ((abs(tx) - ec->tx_power) >> 5);    ec->rx_power += ((abs(rx) - ec->rx_power) >> 5);    ec->clean_rx_power += ((abs(clean_rx) - ec->clean_rx_power) >> 5);#if defined(XYZZY)    if (ec->use_suppressor)    {    	ec->supp_test1 += (ec->fir_state.history[ec->curr_pos] - ec->fir_state.history[(ec->curr_pos - 7) & ec->tap_mask]);    	ec->supp_test2 += (ec->fir_state.history[(ec->curr_pos - 24) & ec->tap_mask] - ec->fir_state.history[(ec->curr_pos - 31) & ec->tap_mask]);    	if (ec->supp_test1 > 42  &&  ec->supp_test2 > 42)    	    supp_change = 25;    	else    	    supp_change = 50;    	supp = supp_change + k1*ec->supp1 + k2*ec->supp2;	ec->supp2 = ec->supp1;	ec->supp1 = supp;	clean_rx *= (1 - supp);    }#endif    if (ec->use_nlp  &&  ec->rx_power < 32)    	clean_rx = 0;    /* Roll around the rolling buffer */    if (ec->curr_pos <= 0)    	ec->curr_pos = ec->taps;    ec->curr_pos--;    return  clean_rx;}#if 0static inline int16_t echo_can_update(echo_can_state_t *ec, int16_t tx, int16_t rx){    int offset;    int limit;    int32_t echo_value;    int clean_rx;    int nsuppr;    int i;    int correction;    ec->tx_history[ec->curr_pos] = tx;    /* Evaluate the echo - i.e. apply the FIR filter */    /* Assume the gain of the FIR does not exceed unity. Exceeding unity       would seem like a rather poor thing for an echo cancellor to do :)       This means we can compute the result with a total disregard for       overflows. 16bits x 16bits -> 31bits, so no overflow can occur in       any multiply. While accumulating we may overflow and underflow the       32 bit scale often. However, if the gain does not exceed unity,       everything should work itself out, and the final result will be       OK, without any saturation logic. */    /* Overflow is very much possible here, and we do nothing about it because       of the compute costs */    /* 16 bit coeffs for the LMS give lousy results (maths good, actual sound       bad!), but 32 bit coeffs require some shifting. On balance 32 bit seems       best */    offset = ec->curr_pos;    limit = ec->taps - offset;    echo_value = 0;    for (i = 0;  i < limit;  i++)        echo_value += (ec->fir_taps[i] >> 16)*ec->tx_history[i + offset];    offset = ec->taps - ec->curr_pos;    for (  ;  i < ec->taps;  i++)        echo_value += (ec->fir_taps[i] >> 16)*ec->tx_history[i - offset];    echo_value >>= 16;    /* And the answer is..... */    clean_rx = rx - echo_value;    /* That was the easy part. Now we need to adapt! */    if (ec->nonupdate_dwell > 0)    	ec->nonupdate_dwell--;    /* If there is very little being transmitted, any attempt to train is       futile. We would either be training on the far end's noise or signal,       the channel's own noise, or our noise. Either way, this is hardly good       training, so don't do it (avoid trouble). */    /* If the received power is very low, either we are sending very little or       we are already well adapted. There is little point in trying to improve       the adaption under these circumstanceson, so don't do it (reduce the       compute load). */    if (ec->tx_power > MIN_TX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION    	&&	ec->rx_power > MIN_RX_POWER_FOR_ADAPTION)    {    	/* This is a really crude piece of decision logic, but it does OK	   for now. */    	if (ec->tx_power > 2*ec->rx_power)	{            /* There is no far-end speech detected */            if (ec->nonupdate_dwell == 0)	    {	    	/* ... and we are not in the dwell time from previous speech. */		//nsuppr = saturate((clean_rx << 16)/ec->tx_power);		nsuppr = clean_rx >> 3;		/* Update the FIR taps */    	        offset = ec->curr_pos;    	    	limit = ec->taps - offset;		ec->latest_correction = 0;    	    	for (i = 0;  i < limit;  i++)		{		    correction = ec->tx_history[i + offset]*nsuppr;		    ec->fir_taps[i] += correction;		    //ec->latest_correction += abs(correction);        	}		offset = ec->taps - ec->curr_pos;    		for (  ;  i < ec->taps;  i++)		{		    correction = ec->tx_history[i - offset]*nsuppr;		    ec->fir_taps[i] += correction;		    //ec->latest_correction += abs(correction);    	    	}    	    }	    else	    {        	ec->latest_correction = -3;    	    }	}	else	{            ec->nonupdate_dwell = NONUPDATE_DWELL_TIME;    	    ec->latest_correction = -2;	}    }    else    {        ec->nonupdate_dwell = 0;        ec->latest_correction = -1;    }    /* Calculate short term power levels using very simple single pole IIRs */    /* TODO: Is the nasty modulus approach the fastest, or would a real       tx*tx power calculation actually be faster? */    ec->tx_power += ((abs(tx) - ec->tx_power) >> 5);    ec->rx_power += ((abs(rx) - ec->rx_power) >> 5);    ec->clean_rx_power += ((abs(clean_rx) - ec->clean_rx_power) >> 5);#if defined(XYZZY)    if (ec->use_suppressor)    {    	ec->supp_test1 += (ec->tx_history[ec->curr_pos] - ec->tx_history[(ec->curr_pos - 7) & ec->tap_mask]);    	ec->supp_test2 += (ec->tx_history[(ec->curr_pos - 24) & ec->tap_mask] - ec->tx_history[(ec->curr_pos - 31) & ec->tap_mask]);    	if (ec->supp_test1 > 42  &&  ec->supp_test2 > 42)    	    supp_change = 25;    	else    	    supp_change = 50;    	supp = supp_change + k1*ec->supp1 + k2*ec->supp2;	ec->supp2 = ec->supp1;	ec->supp1 = supp;	clean_rx *= (1 - supp);    }#endif    if (ec->use_nlp  &&  ec->rx_power < 32)    	clean_rx = 0;    /* Roll around the rolling buffer */    ec->curr_pos = (ec->curr_pos + 1) & ec->tap_mask;    return clean_rx;}/*- End of function --------------------------------------------------------*/#endifstatic inline int echo_can_traintap(echo_can_state_t *ec, int pos, short val){	/* Reset hang counter to avoid adjustments after	   initial forced training */	ec->nonupdate_dwell = ec->taps << 1;	if (pos >= ec->taps)		return 1;	ec->fir_taps32[pos] = val << 17;	ec->fir_taps16[pos] = val << 1;	if (++pos >= ec->taps)		return 1;	return 0;}/*- End of file ------------------------------------------------------------*/#endif