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<html><head><title>Interacting with Unix (UNIX in a Nutshell: System V Edition)</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style/style1.css" /><meta name="DC.Creator" content="Arnold Robbins" /><meta name="DC.Format" content="text/xml" scheme="MIME" /><meta name="DC.Language" content="en-US" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc." /><meta name="DC.Source" scheme="ISBN" content="1-56592-427-4" /><meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="stuff" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="UNIX in a Nutshell: System V Edition" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Monograph" /></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff"><img src="gifs/smbanner.gif" usemap="#banner-map" border="0" alt="Book Home" /><map name="banner-map"><area shape="rect" coords="1,-2,616,66" href="index.htm" alt="Book Title" /><area shape="rect" coords="629,-11,726,25" href="jobjects/fsearch.htm" alt="Search this book" /></map><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_05.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228" /><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_07.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" alt="Next" border="0" /></a></td></tr></table></div><h2 class="sect1">8.6. Interacting with Unix</h2><table border="1" cellpadding="3"><tr><td><tt class="literal">:r </tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>file</em></td><td>Read in contents of <em class="emphasis">file</tt></em> after cursor.</td></tr><tr><td><a name="IXT-8-123159" /><tt class="literal">:r !</tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>command</em></td><td>Read in output from <em class="emphasis">command</tt></em> after current line. </td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">:</tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</em><tt class="literal">r !</tt><em class="replaceable">command</em></td><td>Like above, but place after line <em class="emphasis">n</tt></em> (0 for top of file).</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">:!</tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>command</em></td><td>Run <em class="emphasis">command</tt></em>, then return.</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">!</tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>object command</em></td><td><p>Send buffer <em class="emphasis">object</em> to Unix <em class="emphasis">command</tt></em>;replace with output.</p></td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">:</tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</em><tt class="literal">,</tt><em class="replaceable">m</em><tt class="literal">!</tt><em class="replaceable"> command</em></td><td><p>Send lines <em class="emphasis">n</em>–<em class="emphasis">m</tt></em>to <em class="emphasis">command</em>; replace with output.</p></td></tr><tr><td><em class="replaceable"><tt>n</em><tt class="literal">!!</tt><em class="replaceable">command</em></td><td>Send <em class="emphasis">n</em> lines to Unix <em class="emphasis">command</tt></em>; replace with output.</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">!!</tt></td><td>Repeat last system command.</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">:sh</tt></td><td>Create subshell; return to file with <em class="emphasis">EOF</em>.</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">CTRL-Z</tt></td><td>Suspend editor, resume with <tt class="literal">fg</tt>.</td></tr><tr><td><tt class="literal">:so </tt><em class="replaceable"><tt>file</em></td><td>Read and execute <tt class="literal">ex</tt> commands from <em class="emphasis">file</tt></em>.</td></tr></table><p><hr width="684" align="left" /><div class="navbar"><table width="684" border="0"><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_05.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtpreva.gif" alt="Previous" border="0" /></a></td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228"><a href="index.htm"><img src="../gifs/txthome.gif" alt="Home" border="0" /></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="228"><a href="ch08_07.htm"><img src="../gifs/txtnexta.gif" alt="Next" border="0" /></a></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="228">8.5. Accessing Multiple Files</td><td align="center" valign="top" width="228"><a href="index/index.htm"><img src="../gifs/index.gif" alt="Book Index" border="0" /></a></td><td align="right" valign="top" width="228">8.7. Macros</td></tr></table></div><hr width="684" align="left" /><img src="../gifs/navbar.gif" usemap="#library-map" border="0" alt="Library Navigation Links" /><p><p><font size="-1"><a href="copyrght.htm">Copyright © 2003</a> O'Reilly & Associates. 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