COMPILATION INSTRUCTIONS:1. Unpack archive.2. Run 	make clean "name",   where "name" is	loco  -- for encoder/decoderThis program supports:"8 bit"  images with 8 bits per color component or less."16 bit" images with between 9 and 16 bits per color component.	 component.3. Executable for compressor is "locoe," decompressor is "locod".USAGE:	 General remarks for multiple-component images:	 a) Encoder input (uncompressed) or decoder output (decompressed) 	    images are in either PGM (grayscale) or PPM (3-color) format.	    This is of course NOT part of the JPEG-LS standard, and these	    input/output formats were selected for this implementation only.	    These formats have an ASCII header consisting of 3 lines of the 	    following form	    * PGM (single component):		P5		cols rows		maxval	    * PPM (3 components)		P6		cols rows		maxval			  For PGM, the header is followed by cols*rows samples in binary 	  format, where cols and rows are the number of columns and rows, 	  respectively.  A test image "cmpnd2g.pgm" is included in the 	  archive. Samples have 8 bits if maxval < 256, or 16 bits if 	  256 <= maxval < 65536. 	  For PPM, the header is followed by cols*rows TRIPLETS of symbols in	  binary format. Each symbol in a triplet represents a color plane	  value (viewers usually interpret PPM triplets as RGB).	  For more than 3 components, the PPM output file	  format is extended to arbitrary m-tuples,	  where m is the number of components.	  The first row of the header is Px, where x = 10+m 	  (e.g. P15 for a 5-component image). P5 (m=1), P6 (m=3),	  and P7 (m=4) are used, in addition to P11, P13, and P14,	  respectively.	  A multi-component image can be specified to the encoder either	  as a list of PGM files (each representing a color plane), or	  a single PPM-type file.	 b) Three modes of operation are supported for multi-component	    images (images of the type RGB, CMYK, YUV, etc).	    We briefly describe them now, for details see the	    JPEG-LS Working Draft document.	   * Plane-interleaved. The image components are	     compressed one after the other, in a completely	     independent form. Only multiple input	     (one PGM file per plane) in the encoder, and multiple	     output (one PGM file per plane) in the decoder are supported	     in this mode. This mode also works when m=1.           * Line-interleaved. One row per image component is processed	     at a time, in an interleaved form.	     Common context statistics for all the components	     are used in this mode, and is plane independent otherwise.	     Both multiple PGM and single PPM input	     (output) are supported in the encoder (decoder). 	     Line-interleaved mode is the default mode of the encoder. 	     This mode also works when m=1.	   * Sample-interleaved mode. One sample per image component is 	     processed at a time, using common statistics. Only single PPM 	     input and single PPM output are supported in this mode.	 c) Which of the three multi-components modes runs faster depends	    on the specific system (UNIX or PC).	    For the line interleaved mode, the processing time relation	    between the single and the multiple files input/output depends 	    on the system as well.         d) Sub-sampled components can be specified to the encoder (e.g.,	    a YUV representation with the U and V components having a fraction	    of the number of columns of the Y component).	    For sub-sampled files, the input to the encoder must be	    given as a series of PGM files in non-increasing order of size.	    Sample-interleaved mode is not supported for images with	    sub-sampled components.	 e) The output of the encoder, and input to the decoder, is	    always a unique JPEG-LS compressed file, independently of the	    number of image components. All the image components share the	    same header in JPEG-LS.    COMMAND LINES:                 encoder:	  locoe [flags] infile1 [infile2,infile3,...] [-ooutfile]	  DEFAULTS:	  infile1     : must be in PGM or PPM format	  infile2,... : additional input files for Plane Interleaved	  	        or Line Interleaved modes. Must be in PGM (P5) format          outfile     : default is locoe.out          FLAGS, PARAMETERS:          -i<infile>  : alternate input-specification, use -i- for stdin          -o<outfile> : output specification, use -o- for stdout          -c          : mode for multi-component images:	  	        0: plane interleaved		        1: line interleaved (Default)		        2: sample interleaved          -n<error> or          -e<error>  : Max allowed loss per symbol (default = 0, lossless).	  -h          : print help        Remarks:		The following optional flags allow specification of		parameters in the algorithm. These parameters,		if not default, are included in the JPEG-LS 		header, and are part of the standard. Please		refer to Working Document for details.		-r	   : RESET (if not compiled with FIXRESET, see below)		-S<a,b,c>  : Context modeling thresholds                -m<table>  : Use mapping table where <table> is a file in the                              format:               		     1st byte of <table> is the Table ID, 2nd byte                             of <table> is the Width of each table entry (in bytes),                             3rd - 6th byte of <table> is the Max Table Index Value                              specified as an integer (4 bytes), 7th byte and on                             are the table entries.                -t<num>    : Use Restart Markers where <num> is the restart interval                             (ie. number of MCU's between restart markers).\n");		*** Use only if you know what you are doing!	 decoder:	  locod [flags] [infile] [outfile1 [outfile2, ...]]	  DEFAULTS:	  infile   = locoe.out	  outfile1 = locod.out for single output file	  outfile[1,2,...] = locod[1,2,...].out for multiple output files in			     Plane or Line Interleaved mode	  FLAGS, PARAMETERS:	  outfile2, ... : multiple output specification for plane- or			  line-interleaved mode	  -i<infile>    : alternate input specification, use -i- for stdin	  -o<outfile>   : alternate output specification, use -o- for stdout	  -P            : generate single (.ppm) output file for	  		  sample/line-int. mode. Mandatory for sample-int. mode.EXAMPLES:   For the examples, assume:   * red.pgm, green.pgm, and blue.pgm are 3 color components of     a color image, of the same size.   * color.ppm is the color image corresponding to red.pgm, green.pgm, blue.pgm   * hotely.pgm, hotelu.pgm, hotelv.pgm are 3 components of a color image     sub-sampled in the horizontal direction 2:1:1   a) locoe red.pgm green.pgm blue.pgm      Compresses the three files using the default color mode (line int., c=1)      Compressed file is in locoe.out      locod      Decompresses locoe.out into 3 pgm files:       locod1.out, locod2.out, locod3.out      locod locoe.out a.pgm b.pgm c.pgm      Decompresses locoe.out into 3 pgm files: a.pgm, b.pgm, c.pgm      locod -P      Decompresses locoe.out into one ppm file: locod.out   b) locoe color.ppm            Same as (a), using single input   c) locoe -c0 red.pgm green.pgm blue.pgm      Compresses the three files using the plane interleaved color mode      locod      Decompresses locoe.out into 3 pgm files: locod1.out, locod2.out,       locod3.out In this case, since c=0, the command locod -P will give       an error.   d) locoe -c2 color.ppm      Compresses color.ppm with sample int. mode. Note that only one (ppm) input      file must be given in this mode.      Output is in locoe.out      locod -P      Decompresses locoe.out into locod.out. Note that -P must be given, since      for sample int. mode, only single output file is supported.   g) locoe -Sa5 -Sb9 red.pgm      Compress red.pgm with Sa=5, Sb=9, and Sc=DEFAULT   h) locoe -r128 green.pgm      Compresses green.pgm with RESET=128.OTHER CAVEATS, LIMITATIONS, ANNOYANCES, BUGS (?)=================================================* The makefiles included in this version are very simple and could lead to   a slower executable files than HP executables.* Annoyance: no spaces are allowed between flags and their arguments. This   will be fixed in a future version.* Other bugs, annoyances: you tell us.  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Feedback to-----------The SPMG lab at the University of British Columbia:ismaeil R. Ismaeil ismail@ee.ubc.caDr. Faouzi Kossentini faouzi@ece.ubc.ca, or