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<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=GB2312"><meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 9"><meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 9"><link rel=File-List href="./No11.files/filelist.xml"><title>補充： 卡車更新問題 (第二屆選拔賽第三題，即設備更新問題)</title><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>lixuewu</o:Author> <o:LastAuthor>a</o:LastAuthor> <o:Revision>2</o:Revision> <o:TotalTime>9</o:TotalTime> <o:LastPrinted>2001-01-01T03:05:00Z</o:LastPrinted> <o:Created>1996-12-31T16:47:00Z</o:Created> <o:LastSaved>1996-12-31T16:47:00Z</o:LastSaved> <o:Pages>4</o:Pages> <o:Words>501</o:Words> <o:Characters>2856</o:Characters> <o:Company> </o:Company> <o:Lines>23</o:Lines> <o:Paragraphs>5</o:Paragraphs> <o:CharactersWithSpaces>3507</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:Version>9.2812</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing>5.25 磅</w:DrawingGridHorizontalSpacing> <w:DrawingGridVerticalSpacing>7.8 磅</w:DrawingGridVerticalSpacing> <w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery>0</w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery> <w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery>2</w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery> <w:Compatibility> <w:SpaceForUL/> <w:BalanceSingleByteDoubleByteWidth/> <w:DoNotLeaveBackslashAlone/> <w:ULTrailSpace/> <w:DoNotExpandShiftReturn/> <w:FootnoteLayoutLikeWW8/> <w:ShapeLayoutLikeWW8/> <w:AlignTablesRowByRow/> <w:ForgetLastTabAlignment/> <w:LayoutRawTableWidth/> <w:LayoutTableRowsApart/> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> </w:WordDocument></xml><![endif]--><style><!-- /* Font Definitions */@font-face {font-family:宋體; 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margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none; font-size:10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:宋體; mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;} /* Page Definitions */@page {mso-page-border-surround-header:no; mso-page-border-surround-footer:no; mso-gutter-position:top;}@page Section1 {size:515.95pt 728.6pt; margin:72.0pt 48.2pt 2.0cm 48.2pt; mso-header-margin:42.55pt; mso-footer-margin:49.6pt; mso-even-footer:url("./No11.files/header.htm") ef1; mso-footer:url("./No11.files/header.htm") f1; mso-paper-source:0; layout-grid:15.6pt;}div.Section1 {page:Section1;}--></style></head><body lang=ZH-CN style='tab-interval:21.25pt;text-justify-trim:punctuation' bgcolor="#e8ffe8"><div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'><p class=MsoPlainText align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><spanstyle='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>卡車更新問題<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><bstyle='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></b><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>(第二屆選拔賽第三題，即設備更新問題)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>【試題】 某人購置了一輛新卡車, 從事個體運輸業務. 給定以下各有關數據:<spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>R[t], t=1,2,...,k, 表示已使用過 t年的卡車, 再工作一年所得的運費, 它 隨 t 的增加而減少, k (k≤20) 年后卡車已無使用價值. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>U[t], t=1,...,k, 表示已使用過 t 年的卡車,再工作一年所需的維修費, 它 隨 t 的增加而增加.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>C[t], t=1,2,...,k, 表示已使用過 t年的舊卡車, 賣掉舊車, 買進新車, 所 需的凈費用, 它隨 t 的增加而增加. 以上各數據均為實型, 單位為"萬元".<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>設某卡車已使用過 t 年,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>① 如果繼續使用, 則第 t+1 年回收額為R[t]-U[t],<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>② 如果賣掉舊車,買進新車, 則 第 t+1 年回收額為R[0]-U[0]-C[t] .<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>該運輸戶從某年初購車日起,計劃工作 N(N<=20) 年, N 年后不論車的狀態如 何,不再工作. 為使這 N 年的總回收額最大, 應在哪些年更新舊車?<spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>假定在這 N 年內, 運輸戶每年只用一輛車, 而且以上各種費用均不改變.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>輸入: 用文件輸入已知數據, 格式為:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>第 1 行: N (運輸戶工作年限)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>第 2 行: k (卡車最大使用年限,k≤20 )<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>第 3 行: R[0]R[1] ... R[k]<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>第 4 行: U[0]U[1] ... U[k]<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>第 5 行: C[0]C[1] ... C[k]<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>輸出: 用文本文件按以下格式輸出結果: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><spanlang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><spanstyle="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>第 1 行: W ( N 年總回收額)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText style='line-height:20.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span?? 快捷鍵說明
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