/* Build the bit length tree: */
    build_tree(s, (tree_desc *)(&(s->bl_desc)));
    /* opt_len now includes the length of the tree representations, except
     * the lengths of the bit lengths codes and the 5+5+4 bits for the counts.
     */

    /* Determine the number of bit length codes to send. The pkzip format
     * requires that at least 4 bit length codes be sent. (appnote.txt says
     * 3 but the actual value used is 4.)
     */
    for (max_blindex = BL_CODES-1; max_blindex >= 3; max_blindex--) {
        if (s->bl_tree[bl_order[max_blindex]].Len != 0) break;
    }
    /* Update opt_len to include the bit length tree and counts */
    s->opt_len += 3*(max_blindex+1) + 5+5+4;
    Tracev((stderr, "\ndyn trees: dyn %ld, stat %ld",
            s->opt_len, s->static_len));

    return max_blindex;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Send the header for a block using dynamic Huffman trees: the counts, the
 * lengths of the bit length codes, the literal tree and the distance tree.
 * IN assertion: lcodes >= 257, dcodes >= 1, blcodes >= 4.
 */
local void send_all_trees(s, lcodes, dcodes, blcodes)
    deflate_state *s;
    int lcodes, dcodes, blcodes; /* number of codes for each tree */
{
    int rank;                    /* index in bl_order */

    Assert (lcodes >= 257 && dcodes >= 1 && blcodes >= 4, "not enough codes");
    Assert (lcodes <= L_CODES && dcodes <= D_CODES && blcodes <= BL_CODES,
            "too many codes");
    Tracev((stderr, "\nbl counts: "));
    send_bits(s, lcodes-257, 5); /* not +255 as stated in appnote.txt */
    send_bits(s, dcodes-1,   5);
    send_bits(s, blcodes-4,  4); /* not -3 as stated in appnote.txt */
    for (rank = 0; rank < blcodes; rank++) {
        Tracev((stderr, "\nbl code %2d ", bl_order[rank]));
        send_bits(s, s->bl_tree[bl_order[rank]].Len, 3);
    }
    Tracev((stderr, "\nbl tree: sent %ld", s->bits_sent));

    send_tree(s, (ct_data *)s->dyn_ltree, lcodes-1); /* literal tree */
    Tracev((stderr, "\nlit tree: sent %ld", s->bits_sent));

    send_tree(s, (ct_data *)s->dyn_dtree, dcodes-1); /* distance tree */
    Tracev((stderr, "\ndist tree: sent %ld", s->bits_sent));
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Send a stored block
 */
void _tr_stored_block(s, buf, stored_len, eof)
    deflate_state *s;
    charf *buf;       /* input block */
    ulg stored_len;   /* length of input block */
    int eof;          /* true if this is the last block for a file */
{
    send_bits(s, (STORED_BLOCK<<1)+eof, 3);  /* send block type */
    s->compressed_len = (s->compressed_len + 3 + 7) & (ulg)~7L;
    s->compressed_len += (stored_len + 4) << 3;

    copy_block(s, buf, (unsigned)stored_len, 1); /* with header */
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Send one empty static block to give enough lookahead for inflate.
 * This takes 10 bits, of which 7 may remain in the bit buffer.
 * The current inflate code requires 9 bits of lookahead. If the
 * last two codes for the previous block (real code plus EOB) were coded
 * on 5 bits or less, inflate may have only 5+3 bits of lookahead to decode
 * the last real code. In this case we send two empty static blocks instead
 * of one. (There are no problems if the previous block is stored or fixed.)
 * To simplify the code, we assume the worst case of last real code encoded
 * on one bit only.
 */
void _tr_align(s)
    deflate_state *s;
{
    send_bits(s, STATIC_TREES<<1, 3);
    send_code(s, END_BLOCK, static_ltree);
    s->compressed_len += 10L; /* 3 for block type, 7 for EOB */
    bi_flush(s);
    /* Of the 10 bits for the empty block, we have already sent
     * (10 - bi_valid) bits. The lookahead for the last real code (before
     * the EOB of the previous block) was thus at least one plus the length
     * of the EOB plus what we have just sent of the empty static block.
     */
    if (1 + s->last_eob_len + 10 - s->bi_valid < 9) {
        send_bits(s, STATIC_TREES<<1, 3);
        send_code(s, END_BLOCK, static_ltree);
        s->compressed_len += 10L;
        bi_flush(s);
    }
    s->last_eob_len = 7;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Determine the best encoding for the current block: dynamic trees, static
 * trees or store, and output the encoded block to the zip file. This function
 * returns the total compressed length for the file so far.
 */
ulg _tr_flush_block(s, buf, stored_len, eof)
    deflate_state *s;
    charf *buf;       /* input block, or NULL if too old */
    ulg stored_len;   /* length of input block */
    int eof;          /* true if this is the last block for a file */
{
    ulg opt_lenb, static_lenb; /* opt_len and static_len in bytes */
    int max_blindex = 0;  /* index of last bit length code of non zero freq */

    /* Build the Huffman trees unless a stored block is forced */
    if (s->level > 0) {

	 /* Check if the file is ascii or binary */
	if (s->data_type == Z_UNKNOWN) set_data_type(s);

	/* Construct the literal and distance trees */
	build_tree(s, (tree_desc *)(&(s->l_desc)));
	Tracev((stderr, "\nlit data: dyn %ld, stat %ld", s->opt_len,
		s->static_len));

	build_tree(s, (tree_desc *)(&(s->d_desc)));
	Tracev((stderr, "\ndist data: dyn %ld, stat %ld", s->opt_len,
		s->static_len));
	/* At this point, opt_len and static_len are the total bit lengths of
	 * the compressed block data, excluding the tree representations.
	 */

	/* Build the bit length tree for the above two trees, and get the index
	 * in bl_order of the last bit length code to send.
	 */
	max_blindex = build_bl_tree(s);

	/* Determine the best encoding. Compute first the block length in bytes*/
	opt_lenb = (s->opt_len+3+7)>>3;
	static_lenb = (s->static_len+3+7)>>3;

	Tracev((stderr, "\nopt %lu(%lu) stat %lu(%lu) stored %lu lit %u ",
		opt_lenb, s->opt_len, static_lenb, s->static_len, stored_len,
		s->last_lit));

	if (static_lenb <= opt_lenb) opt_lenb = static_lenb;

    } else {
        Assert(buf != (char*)0, "lost buf");
	opt_lenb = static_lenb = stored_len + 5; /* force a stored block */
    }

    /* If compression failed and this is the first and last block,
     * and if the .zip file can be seeked (to rewrite the local header),
     * the whole file is transformed into a stored file:
     */
#ifdef STORED_FILE_OK
#  ifdef FORCE_STORED_FILE
    if (eof && s->compressed_len == 0L) { /* force stored file */
#  else
    if (stored_len <= opt_lenb && eof && s->compressed_len==0L && seekable()) {
#  endif
        /* Since LIT_BUFSIZE <= 2*WSIZE, the input data must be there: */
        if (buf == (charf*)0) error ("block vanished");

        copy_block(buf, (unsigned)stored_len, 0); /* without header */
        s->compressed_len = stored_len << 3;
        s->method = STORED;
    } else
#endif /* STORED_FILE_OK */

#ifdef FORCE_STORED
    if (buf != (char*)0) { /* force stored block */
#else
    if (stored_len+4 <= opt_lenb && buf != (char*)0) {
                       /* 4: two words for the lengths */
#endif
        /* The test buf != NULL is only necessary if LIT_BUFSIZE > WSIZE.
         * Otherwise we can't have processed more than WSIZE input bytes since
         * the last block flush, because compression would have been
         * successful. If LIT_BUFSIZE <= WSIZE, it is never too late to
         * transform a block into a stored block.
         */
        _tr_stored_block(s, buf, stored_len, eof);

#ifdef FORCE_STATIC
    } else if (static_lenb >= 0) { /* force static trees */
#else
    } else if (static_lenb == opt_lenb) {
#endif
        send_bits(s, (STATIC_TREES<<1)+eof, 3);
        compress_block(s, (ct_data *)static_ltree, (ct_data *)static_dtree);
        s->compressed_len += 3 + s->static_len;
    } else {
        send_bits(s, (DYN_TREES<<1)+eof, 3);
        send_all_trees(s, s->l_desc.max_code+1, s->d_desc.max_code+1,
                       max_blindex+1);
        compress_block(s, (ct_data *)s->dyn_ltree, (ct_data *)s->dyn_dtree);
        s->compressed_len += 3 + s->opt_len;
    }
    Assert (s->compressed_len == s->bits_sent, "bad compressed size");
    init_block(s);

    if (eof) {
        bi_windup(s);
        s->compressed_len += 7;  /* align on byte boundary */
    }
    Tracev((stderr,"\ncomprlen %lu(%lu) ", s->compressed_len>>3,
           s->compressed_len-7*eof));

    return s->compressed_len >> 3;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Save the match info and tally the frequency counts. Return true if
 * the current block must be flushed.
 */
int _tr_tally (s, dist, lc)
    deflate_state *s;
    unsigned dist;  /* distance of matched string */
    unsigned lc;    /* match length-MIN_MATCH or unmatched char (if dist==0) */
{
    s->d_buf[s->last_lit] = (ush)dist;
    s->l_buf[s->last_lit++] = (uch)lc;
    if (dist == 0) {
        /* lc is the unmatched char */
        s->dyn_ltree[lc].Freq++;
    } else {
        s->matches++;
        /* Here, lc is the match length - MIN_MATCH */
        dist--;             /* dist = match distance - 1 */
        Assert((ush)dist < (ush)MAX_DIST(s) &&
               (ush)lc <= (ush)(MAX_MATCH-MIN_MATCH) &&
               (ush)d_code(dist) < (ush)D_CODES,  "_tr_tally: bad match");

        s->dyn_ltree[length_code[lc]+LITERALS+1].Freq++;
        s->dyn_dtree[d_code(dist)].Freq++;
    }

    /* Try to guess if it is profitable to stop the current block here */
    if (s->level > 2 && (s->last_lit & 0xfff) == 0) {
        /* Compute an upper bound for the compressed length */
        ulg out_length = (ulg)s->last_lit*8L;
        ulg in_length = (ulg)((long)s->strstart - s->block_start);
        int dcode;
        for (dcode = 0; dcode < D_CODES; dcode++) {
            out_length += (ulg)s->dyn_dtree[dcode].Freq *
                (5L+extra_dbits[dcode]);
        }
        out_length >>= 3;
        Tracev((stderr,"\nlast_lit %u, in %ld, out ~%ld(%ld%%) ",
               s->last_lit, in_length, out_length,
               100L - out_length*100L/in_length));
        if (s->matches < s->last_lit/2 && out_length < in_length/2) return 1;
    }
    return (s->last_lit == s->lit_bufsize-1);
    /* We avoid equality with lit_bufsize because of wraparound at 64K
     * on 16 bit machines and because stored blocks are restricted to
     * 64K-1 bytes.
     */
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Send the block data compressed using the given Huffman trees
 */
local void compress_block(s, ltree, dtree)
    deflate_state *s;
    ct_data *ltree; /* literal tree */
    ct_data *dtree; /* distance tree */
{
    unsigned dist;      /* distance of matched string */
    int lc;             /* match length or unmatched char (if dist == 0) */
    unsigned lx = 0;    /* running index in l_buf */
    unsigned code;      /* the code to send */
    int extra;          /* number of extra bits to send */

    if (s->last_lit != 0) do {
        dist = s->d_buf[lx];
        lc = s->l_buf[lx++];
        if (dist == 0) {
            send_code(s, lc, ltree); /* send a literal byte */
            Tracecv(isgraph(lc), (stderr," '%c' ", lc));
        } else {
            /* Here, lc is the match length - MIN_MATCH */
            code = length_code[lc];
            send_code(s, code+LITERALS+1, ltree); /* send the length code */
            extra = extra_lbits[code];
            if (extra != 0) {
                lc -= base_length[code];
                send_bits(s, lc, extra);       /* send the extra length bits */
            }
            dist--; /* dist is now the match distance - 1 */
            code = d_code(dist);
            Assert (code < D_CODES, "bad d_code");

            send_code(s, code, dtree);       /* send the distance code */
            extra = extra_dbits[code];
            if (extra != 0) {
                dist -= base_dist[code];
                send_bits(s, dist, extra);   /* send the extra distance bits */
            }
        } /* literal or match pair ? */

        /* Check that the overlay between pending_buf and d_buf+l_buf is ok: */
        Assert(s->pending < s->lit_bufsize + 2*lx, "pendingBuf overflow");

    } while (lx < s->last_lit);

    send_code(s, END_BLOCK, ltree);
    s->last_eob_len = ltree[END_BLOCK].Len;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Set the data type to ASCII or BINARY, using a crude approximation:
 * binary if more than 20% of the bytes are <= 6 or >= 128, ascii otherwise.
 * IN assertion: the fields freq of dyn_ltree are set and the total of all
 * frequencies does not exceed 64K (to fit in an int on 16 bit machines).
 */
local void set_data_type(s)
    deflate_state *s;
{
    int n = 0;
    unsigned ascii_freq = 0;
    unsigned bin_freq = 0;
    while (n < 7)        bin_freq += s->dyn_ltree[n++].Freq;
    while (n < 128)    ascii_freq += s->dyn_ltree[n++].Freq;
    while (n < LITERALS) bin_freq += s->dyn_ltree[n++].Freq;
    s->data_type = (Byte)(bin_freq > (ascii_freq >> 2) ? Z_BINARY : Z_ASCII);
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Reverse the first len bits of a code, using straightforward code (a faster
 * method would use a table)
 * IN assertion: 1 <= len <= 15
 */
local unsigned bi_reverse(code, len)
    unsigned code; /* the value to invert */
    int len;       /* its bit length */
{
    register unsigned res = 0;
    do {
        res |= code & 1;
        code >>= 1, res <<= 1;
    } while (--len > 0);
    return res >> 1;
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Flush the bit buffer, keeping at most 7 bits in it.
 */
local void bi_flush(s)
    deflate_state *s;
{
    if (s->bi_valid == 16) {
        put_short(s, s->bi_buf);
        s->bi_buf = 0;
        s->bi_valid = 0;
    } else if (s->bi_valid >= 8) {
        put_byte(s, (Byte)(s->bi_buf & 0xff));
        s->bi_buf >>= 8;
        s->bi_valid -= 8;
    }
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Flush the bit buffer and align the output on a byte boundary
 */
local void bi_windup(s)
    deflate_state *s;
{
    if (s->bi_valid > 8) {
        put_short(s, s->bi_buf);
    } else if (s->bi_valid > 0) {
        put_byte(s, (Byte)s->bi_buf);
    }
    s->bi_buf = 0;
    s->bi_valid = 0;
#ifdef DEBUG
    s->bits_sent = (s->bits_sent+7) & ~7;
#endif
}

/* ===========================================================================
 * Copy a stored block, storing first the length and its
 * one's complement if requested.
 */
local void copy_block(s, buf, len, header)
    deflate_state *s;
    charf    *buf;    /* the input data */
    unsigned len;     /* its length */
    int      header;  /* true if block header must be written */
{
    bi_windup(s);        /* align on byte boundary */
    s->last_eob_len = 8; /* enough lookahead for inflate */

    if (header) {
        put_short(s, (ush)len);   
        put_short(s, (ush)~len);
#ifdef DEBUG
        s->bits_sent += 2*16;
#endif
    }
#ifdef DEBUG
    s->bits_sent += (ulg)len<<3;
#endif
    while (len--) {
        put_byte(s, *buf++);
    }
}