'\"'\" Copyright (c) 1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.'\"'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.'\" '\" SCCS: @(#) font.n 1.10 97/08/22 18:52:18'\" .so man.macros.TH font n 8.0 Tk "Tk Built-In Commands".BS'\" Note:  do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!.SH NAMEfont \- Create and inspect fonts..SH SYNOPSIS\fBfont\fI option \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR?.BE.SH DESCRIPTION.PPThe \fBfont\fR command provides several facilities for dealing withfonts, such as defining named fonts and inspecting the actual attributes ofa font.  The command has several different forms, determined by thefirst argument.  The following forms are currently supported:.TP\fBfont actual \fIfont\fR ?\fB\-displayof \fIwindow\fR? ?\fIoption\fR?  .Returns information about the the actual attributes that are obtained when\fIfont\fR is used on \fIwindow\fR's display; the actual attributes obtainedmay differ from the attributes requested due to platform-dependantlimitations, such as the availability of font families and pointsizes.\fIfont\fR is a font description; see FONT DESCRIPTIONS below.  If the\fIwindow\fR argument is omitted, it defaults to the main window.  If\fIoption\fR is specified, returns the value of that attribute; if it isomitted, the return value is a list of all the attributes and their values.See FONT OPTIONS below for a list of the possible attributes..TP \fBfont configure \fIfontname\fR ?\fIoption\fR? ?\fIvalue option value ...\fR?  .Query or modify the desired attributes for the named font called\fIfontname\fR.  If no \fIoption\fR is specified, returns a list describingall the options and their values for \fIfontname\fR.  If a single \fIoption\fR is specified with no \fIvalue\fR, then returns the current value of thatattribute.  If one or more \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs are specified,then the command modifies the given named font to have the given values; inthis case, all widgets using that font will redisplay themselves using thenew attributes for the font.  See FONT OPTIONS below for a list of thepossible attributes..TP\fBfont create\fR ?\fIfontname\fR? ?\fIoption value ...\fR?.Creates a new named font and returns its name.  \fIfontname\fR specifies thename for the font; if it is omitted, then Tk generates a new name of theform \fBfont\fIx\fR, where \fIx\fR is an integer.  There may be any numberof \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs, which provide the desired attributes forthe new named font.  See FONT OPTIONS below for a list of the possibleattributes..TP\fBfont delete\fR \fIfontname\fR ?\fIfontname ...\fR?.Delete the specified named fonts.  If there are widgets using the named font,the named font won't actually be deleted until all the instances arereleased.  Those widgets will continue to display using the last known valuesfor the named font.  If a deleted named font is subsequently recreated withanother call to \fBfont create\fR, the widgets will use the new named fontand redisplay themselves using the new attributes of that font..TP\fBfont families\fR ?\fB\-displayof \fIwindow\fR?.The return value is a list of the case-insensitive names of all font families that exist on \fIwindow\fR's display.  If the \fIwindow\fR argument isomitted, it defaults to the main window..TP\fBfont measure \fIfont\fR ?\fB\-displayof \fIwindow\fR? \fItext\fR .Measures the amount of space the string \fItext\fR would use in the given\fIfont\fR when displayed in \fIwindow\fR.  \fIfont\fR is a font description;see FONT DESCRIPTIONS below.  If the \fIwindow\fR argument is omitted, itdefaults to the main window.  The return value is the total width in pixelsof \fItext\fR, not including the extra pixels used by highly exagerratedcharacters such as cursive ``f''.  If the string contains newlines or tabs,those characters are not expanded or treated specially when measuring thestring..TP\fBfont metrics \fIfont\fR ?\fB\-displayof \fIwindow\fR? ?\fIoption\fR?.Returns information about the metrics (the font-specific data), for\fIfont\fR when it is used on \fIwindow\fR's display.  \fIfont\fR is a fontdescription; see FONT DESCRIPTIONS below.  If the \fIwindow\fR argument isomitted, it defaults to the main window.  If \fIoption\fR is specified,returns the value of that metric; if it is omitted, the return value is a list of all the metrics and their values.  See FONT METRICS below for a listof the possible metrics..TP\fBfont names\fRThe return value is a list of all the named fonts that are currently defined..SH "FONT DESCRIPTION".PPThe following formats are accepted as a font description anywhere\fIfont\fR is specified as an argument above; these same forms are alsopermitted when specifying the \fB\-font\fR option for widgets..TP[1] \fIfontname\fR .The name of a named font, created using the \fBfont create\fR command.  Whena widget uses a named font, it is guaranteed that this will never cause anerror, as long as the named font exists, no matter what potentially invalidor meaningless set of attributes the named font has.  If the named fontcannot be displayed with exactly the specified attributes, some other closefont will be substituted automatically..TP[2] \fIsystemfont\fR.The platform-specific name of a font, interpreted by the graphics server.This also includes, under X, an XLFD (see [4]) for which a single ``\fB*\fR''character was used to elide more than one field in the middle of thename.  See PLATFORM-SPECIFIC issues for a list of the system fonts..VS 8.0 br.TP[3] \fIfamily \fR?\fIsize\fR? ?\fIstyle\fR? ?\fIstyle ...\fR?.A properly formed list whose first element is the desired font\fIfamily\fR and whose optional second element is the desired \fIsize\fR.The interpretation of the \fIsize\fR attribute follows the same rulesdescribed for \fB\-size\fR in FONT OPTIONS below.  Any additional optionalarguments following the \fIsize\fR are font \fIstyle\fRs.  Possible valuesfor the \fIstyle\fR arguments are as follows:.RS.DS.ta 3c 6c 9c\fBnormal	bold	roman	italic	underline	overstrike\fR.DE.RE.TP [4] X-font names (XLFD).A Unix-centric font name of the form\fI-foundry-family-weight-slant-setwidth-addstyle-pixel-point-resx-resy-spacing-width-charset-encoding\fR.The ``\fB*\fR'' character may be used to skip individual fields that theuser does not care about.  There must be exactly one ``\fB*\fR'' for eachfield skipped, except that a ``\fB*\fR'' at the end of the XLFD skips anyremaining fields; the shortest valid XLFD is simply ``\fB*\fR'', signifyingall fields as defaults.  Any fields that were skipped are given defaultvalues.  For compatibility, an XLFD always chooses a font of the specifiedpixel size (not point size); although this interpretation is not strictlycorrect, all existing applications using XLFDs assumed that one ``point''was in fact one pixel and would display incorrectly (generally larger) ifthe correct size font were actually used..VE.TP[5] \fIoption value \fR?\fIoption value ...\fR?.A properly formed list of \fIoption\fR\-\fIvalue\fR pairs that specifythe desired attributes of the font, in the same format used when defininga named font; see FONT OPTIONS below..LPWhen font description \fIfont\fR is used, the system attempts to parse thedescription according to each of the above five rules, in the order specified.Cases [1] and [2] must match the name of an existing named font or of asystem font.  Cases [3], [4], and [5] are accepted on allplatforms and the closest available font will be used.  In some situationsit may not be possible to find any close font (e.g., the font family wasa garbage value); in that case, some system-dependant default font ischosen.  If the font description does not match any of the above patterns,an error is generated.  .SH "FONT METRICS".The following options are used by the \fBfont metrics\fR command to queryfont-specific data determined when the font was created.  These properties arefor the whole font itself and not for individual characters drawn in thatfont.  In the following definitions, the ``baseline'' of a font is the horizontal line where the bottom of most letters line up; certain letters, such as lower-case ``g'' stick below the baseline..TP\fB\-ascent        \0\fR.The amount in pixels that the tallest letter sticks up above the baseline ofthe font, plus any extra blank space added by the designer of the font..TP\fB\-descent       \0\fR .The largest amount in pixels that any letter sticks down below the baselineof the font, plus any extra blank space added by the designer of the font..TP\fB\-linespace\fR.Returns how far apart vertically in pixels two lines of text using the samefont should be placed so that none of the characters in one line overlap anyof the characters in the other line.  This is generally the sum of the ascentabove the baseline line plus the descent below the baseline..TP\fB\-fixed          \0\fR.Returns a boolean flag that is ``\fB1\fR'' if this is a fixed-width font,where each normal character is the the same width as all the othercharacters, or is ``\fB0\fR'' if this is a proportionally-spaced font, where individual characters have different widths.  The widths of control characters, tab characters, and other non-printing characters are not included when calculating this value..SH "FONT OPTIONS"The following options are supported on all platforms, and are used whenconstructing a named font or when specifying a font using style [5] asabove:.TP\fB\-family \fIname\fR .The case-insensitive font family name.  Tk guarantees to support the fontfamilies named \fBCourier\fR (a monospaced ``typewriter'' font), \fBTimes\fR(a serifed ``newspaper'' font), and \fBHelvetica\fR (a sans-serif``European'' font).  The most closely matching native font family willautomatically be substituted when one of the above font families is used.The \fIname\fR may also be the name of a native, platform-specific fontfamily; in that case it will work as desired on one platform but may notdisplay correctly on other platforms.  If the family is unspecified or unrecognized, a platform-specific default font will be chosen..VS.TP\fB\-size \fIsize\fR.The desired size of the font.  If the \fIsize\fR argument is a positivenumber, it is interpreted as a size in points.  If \fIsize\fR is a negativenumber, its absolute value is interpreted as a size in pixels.  If afont cannot be displayed at the specified size, a nearby size will bechosen.  If \fIsize\fR is unspecified or zero, a platform-dependent defaultsize will be chosen.  .RS.PPSizes should normally be specified in points so the application will remainthe same ruler size on the screen, even when changing screen resolutions ormoving scripts across platforms.  However, specifying pixels is useful incertain circumstances such as when a piece of text must line up with respectto a fixed-size bitmap.  The mapping between points and pixels is set whenthe application starts, based on properties of the installed monitor, but itcan be overridden by calling the \fBtk scaling\fR command..RE.VE.TP\fB\-weight \fIweight\fR .The nominal thickness of the characters in the font.  The value\fBnormal\fR specifies a normal weight font, while \fBbold\fR specifies abold font.  The closest available weight to the one specified willbe chosen.  The default weight is \fBnormal\fR..TP\fB\-slant \fIslant\fRThe amount the characters in the font are slanted away from thevertical.  Valid values for slant are \fBroman\fR and \fBitalic\fR.A roman font is the normal, upright appearance of a font, while an italic font is one that is tilted some number of degrees from upright.The closest available slant to the one specified will be chosen.The default slant is \fBroman\fR..TP\fB\-underline \fIboolean\fRThe value is a boolean flag that specifies whether characters in thisfont should be underlined.  The default value for underline is \fBfalse\fR..TP\fB\-overstrike \fIboolean\fR The value is a boolean flag that specifies whether a horizontal line shouldbe drawn through the middle of characters in this font.  The default valuefor overstrike is \fBfalse\fR..SH "PLATFORM-SPECIFIC ISSUES".LPThe following named system fonts are supported:.RS.TP X Windows:All valid X font names, including those listed by xlsfonts(1), are available..TPMS Windows:.DS\fBsystem	ansi	devicesystemfixed	ansifixed	oemfixed\fR.DE.TPMacintosh:.DS\fBsystem	application\fR.DE.RE.SH "SEE ALSO"options.SH KEYWORDSfont