\input texinfo   @c -*-texinfo-*-@c %**start of header@setfilename wget.info@include version.texi@set UPDATED Jan 2008@settitle GNU Wget @value{VERSION} Manual@c Disable the monstrous rectangles beside overfull hbox-es.@finalout@c Use `odd' to print double-sided.@setchapternewpage on@c %**end of header@iftex@c Remove this if you don't use A4 paper.@afourpaper@end iftex@c Title for man page.  The weird way texi2pod.pl is written requires@c the preceding @set.@set Wget Wget@c man title Wget The non-interactive network downloader.@dircategory Network Applications@direntry* Wget: (wget).         The non-interactive network downloader.@end direntry@ifnottexThis file documents the GNU Wget utility for downloading networkdata.@c man begin COPYRIGHTCopyright @copyright{} 1996--2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies ofthis manual provided the copyright notice and this permission noticeare preserved on all copies.@ignorePermission is granted to process this file through TeX and print theresults, provided the printed document carries a copying permissionnotice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).@end ignorePermission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 orany later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with noInvariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  Acopy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU FreeDocumentation License''.@c man end@end ifnottex@titlepage@title GNU Wget @value{VERSION}@subtitle The non-interactive download utility@subtitle Updated for Wget @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}@author by Hrvoje Nik@v{s}i@'{c} and others@ignore@c man begin AUTHOROriginally written by Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>.Currently maintained by Micah Cowan <micah@cowan.name>.@c man end@c man begin SEEALSOThis is @strong{not} the complete manual for GNU Wget.For more complete information, including more detailed explanations ofsome of the options, and a number of commands availablefor use with @file{.wgetrc} files and the @samp{-e} option, see the GNUInfo entry for @file{wget}.@c man end@end ignore@page@vskip 0pt plus 1filllCopyright @copyright{} 1996--2008, Free Software Foundation, Inc.Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 orany later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with noInvariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  Acopy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU FreeDocumentation License''.@end titlepage@ifnottex@node Top@top Wget @value{VERSION}This manual documents version @value{VERSION} of GNU Wget, the freelyavailable utility for network downloads.Copyright @copyright{} 1996--2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.@menu* Overview::            Features of Wget.* Invoking::            Wget command-line arguments.* Recursive Download::  Downloading interlinked pages.* Following Links::     The available methods of chasing links.* Time-Stamping::       Mirroring according to time-stamps.* Startup File::        Wget's initialization file.* Examples::            Examples of usage.* Various::             The stuff that doesn't fit anywhere else.* Appendices::          Some useful references.* Copying this manual:: You may give out copies of Wget and of this manual.* Concept Index::       Topics covered by this manual.@end menu@end ifnottex@node Overview@chapter Overview@cindex overview@cindex features@c man begin DESCRIPTIONGNU Wget is a free utility for non-interactive download of files fromthe Web.  It supports @sc{http}, @sc{https}, and @sc{ftp} protocols, aswell as retrieval through @sc{http} proxies.@c man endThis chapter is a partial overview of Wget's features.@itemize @bullet@item@c man begin DESCRIPTIONWget is non-interactive, meaning that it can work in the background,while the user is not logged on.  This allows you to start a retrievaland disconnect from the system, letting Wget finish the work.  Bycontrast, most of the Web browsers require constant user's presence,which can be a great hindrance when transferring a lot of data.@c man end@item@ignore@c man begin DESCRIPTION@c man end@end ignore@c man begin DESCRIPTIONWget can follow links in @sc{html} and @sc{xhtml} pages and create local versions of remote web sites, fully recreating the directory structure of the original site.  This is sometimes referred to as ``recursivedownloading.''  While doing that, Wget respects the Robot ExclusionStandard (@file{/robots.txt}).  Wget can be instructed to convert thelinks in downloaded @sc{html} files to the local files for offlineviewing.@c man end@itemFile name wildcard matching and recursive mirroring of directories areavailable when retrieving via @sc{ftp}.  Wget can read the time-stampinformation given by both @sc{http} and @sc{ftp} servers, and store itlocally.  Thus Wget can see if the remote file has changed since lastretrieval, and automatically retrieve the new version if it has.  Thismakes Wget suitable for mirroring of @sc{ftp} sites, as well as homepages.@item@ignore@c man begin DESCRIPTION@c man end@end ignore@c man begin DESCRIPTIONWget has been designed for robustness over slow or unstable networkconnections; if a download fails due to a network problem, it willkeep retrying until the whole file has been retrieved.  If the serversupports regetting, it will instruct the server to continue thedownload from where it left off.@c man end@itemWget supports proxy servers, which can lighten the network load, speedup retrieval and provide access behind firewalls.  However, if you arebehind a firewall that requires that you use a socks style gateway,you can get the socks library and build Wget with support for socks.Wget uses the passive @sc{ftp} downloading by default, active @sc{ftp}being an option.@itemWget supports IP version 6, the next generation of IP.  IPv6 isautodetected at compile-time, and can be disabled at either build orrun time.  Binaries built with IPv6 support work well in bothIPv4-only and dual family environments.@itemBuilt-in features offer mechanisms to tune which links you wish to follow(@pxref{Following Links}).@itemThe progress of individual downloads is traced using a progress gauge.Interactive downloads are tracked using a ``thermometer''-style gauge,whereas non-interactive ones are traced with dots, each dotrepresenting a fixed amount of data received (1KB by default).  Eithergauge can be customized to your preferences.@itemMost of the features are fully configurable, either through command lineoptions, or via the initialization file @file{.wgetrc} (@pxref{StartupFile}).  Wget allows you to define @dfn{global} startup files(@file{/usr/local/etc/wgetrc} by default) for site settings.@ignore@c man begin FILES@table @samp@item /usr/local/etc/wgetrcDefault location of the @dfn{global} startup file.@item .wgetrcUser startup file.@end table@c man end@end ignore@itemFinally, GNU Wget is free software.  This means that everyone may useit, redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU GeneralPublic License, as published by the Free Software Foundation (see thefile @file{COPYING} that came with GNU Wget, for details).@end itemize@node Invoking@chapter Invoking@cindex invoking@cindex command line@cindex arguments@cindex nohupBy default, Wget is very simple to invoke.  The basic syntax is:@example@c man begin SYNOPSISwget [@var{option}]@dots{} [@var{URL}]@dots{}@c man end@end exampleWget will simply download all the @sc{url}s specified on the commandline.  @var{URL} is a @dfn{Uniform Resource Locator}, as defined below.However, you may wish to change some of the default parameters ofWget.  You can do it two ways: permanently, adding the appropriatecommand to @file{.wgetrc} (@pxref{Startup File}), or specifying it onthe command line.@menu* URL Format::* Option Syntax::* Basic Startup Options::* Logging and Input File Options::* Download Options::* Directory Options::* HTTP Options::* HTTPS (SSL/TLS) Options::* FTP Options::* Recursive Retrieval Options::* Recursive Accept/Reject Options::@end menu@node URL Format@section URL Format@cindex URL@cindex URL syntax@dfn{URL} is an acronym for Uniform Resource Locator.  A uniformresource locator is a compact string representation for a resourceavailable via the Internet.  Wget recognizes the @sc{url} syntax as per@sc{rfc1738}.  This is the most widely used form (square brackets denoteoptional parts):@examplehttp://host[:port]/directory/fileftp://host[:port]/directory/file@end exampleYou can also encode your username and password within a @sc{url}:@exampleftp://user:password@@host/pathhttp://user:password@@host/path@end exampleEither @var{user} or @var{password}, or both, may be left out.  If youleave out either the @sc{http} username or password, no authenticationwill be sent.  If you leave out the @sc{ftp} username, @samp{anonymous}will be used.  If you leave out the @sc{ftp} password, your emailaddress will be supplied as a default password.@footnote{If you have a@file{.netrc} file in your home directory, password will also besearched for there.}@strong{Important Note}: if you specify a password-containing @sc{url}on the command line, the username and password will be plainly visibleto all users on the system, by way of @code{ps}.  On multi-user systems,this is a big security risk.  To work around it, use @code{wget -i -}and feed the @sc{url}s to Wget's standard input, each on a separateline, terminated by @kbd{C-d}.You can encode unsafe characters in a @sc{url} as @samp{%xy}, @code{xy}being the hexadecimal representation of the character's @sc{ascii}value.  Some common unsafe characters include @samp{%} (quoted as@samp{%25}), @samp{:} (quoted as @samp{%3A}), and @samp{@@} (quoted as@samp{%40}).  Refer to @sc{rfc1738} for a comprehensive list of unsafecharacters.Wget also supports the @code{type} feature for @sc{ftp} @sc{url}s.  Bydefault, @sc{ftp} documents are retrieved in the binary mode (type@samp{i}), which means that they are downloaded unchanged.  Anotheruseful mode is the @samp{a} (@dfn{ASCII}) mode, which converts the linedelimiters between the different operating systems, and is thus usefulfor text files.  Here is an example:@exampleftp://host/directory/file;type=a@end exampleTwo alternative variants of @sc{url} specification are also supported,because of historical (hysterical?) reasons and their widespreaded use.@sc{ftp}-only syntax (supported by @code{NcFTP}):@examplehost:/dir/file@end example@sc{http}-only syntax (introduced by @code{Netscape}):@example