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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"><!-- **************************************************************************** * Copyright (c) 1998-2003,2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. * * * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a * * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the * * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including * * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, * * distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell * * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included * * in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS * * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF * * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. * * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, * * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR * * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR * * THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. * * * * Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright * * holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the * * sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written * * authorization. * **************************************************************************** * @Id: curs_pad.3x,v 1.12 2004/01/04 01:36:49 tom Exp @--><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>curs_pad 3x</TITLE><link rev=made href="mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"></HEAD><BODY><H1>curs_pad 3x</H1><HR><PRE><!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 --><STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG> <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG></PRE><H2>NAME</H2><PRE> <STRONG>newpad</STRONG>, <STRONG>subpad</STRONG>, <STRONG>prefresh</STRONG>, <STRONG>pnoutrefresh</STRONG>, <STRONG>pechochar</STRONG>, <STRONG>pecho_wchar</STRONG> - create and display <STRONG>curses</STRONG> pads</PRE><H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE> <STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG> <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*newpad(int</STRONG> <STRONG>nlines,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>ncols);</STRONG> <STRONG>WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*subpad(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*orig,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>nlines,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>ncols,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>begin_y,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>begin_x);</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>prefresh(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*pad,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>pminrow,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>pmincol,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>sminrow,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>smincol,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>smaxrow,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>smaxcol);</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>pnoutrefresh(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*pad,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>pminrow,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>pmincol,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>sminrow,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>smincol,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>smaxrow,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>smaxcol);</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>pechochar(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*pad,</STRONG> <STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>ch);</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>pecho_wchar(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*pad,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>cchar_t</STRONG> <STRONG>*wch);</STRONG></PRE><H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE> The <STRONG>newpad</STRONG> routine creates and returns a pointer to a new pad data structure with the given number of lines, <EM>nlines</EM>, and columns, <EM>ncols</EM>. A pad is like a window, except that it is not restricted by the screen size, and is not neces- sarily associated with a particular part of the screen. Pads can be used when a large window is needed, and only a part of the window will be on the screen at one time. Automatic refreshes of pads (e.g., from scrolling or echo- ing of input) do not occur. It is not legal to call <STRONG>wre-</STRONG> <STRONG>fresh</STRONG> with a <EM>pad</EM> as an argument; the routines <STRONG>prefresh</STRONG> or <STRONG>pnoutrefresh</STRONG> should be called instead. Note that these routines require additional parameters to specify the part of the pad to be displayed and the location on the screen to be used for the display. The <STRONG>subpad</STRONG> routine creates and returns a pointer to a sub- window within a pad with the given number of lines, <EM>nlines</EM>, and columns, <EM>ncols</EM>. Unlike <STRONG>subwin</STRONG>, which uses screen coordinates, the window is at position (<EM>begin</EM>_<EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <EM>begin</EM>_<EM>y</EM>) on the pad. The window is made in the middle of the window <EM>orig</EM>, so that changes made to one window affect both windows. During the use of this routine, it will often be necessary to call <STRONG>touchwin</STRONG> or <STRONG>touchline</STRONG> on <EM>orig</EM> before calling <STRONG>prefresh</STRONG>. The <STRONG>prefresh</STRONG> and <STRONG>pnoutrefresh</STRONG> routines are analogous to <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG> and <STRONG>wnoutrefresh</STRONG> except that they relate to pads instead of windows. The additional parameters are needed to indicate what part of the pad and screen are involved. <EM>pminrow</EM> and <EM>pmincol</EM> specify the upper left-hand corner of the rectangle to be displayed in the pad. <EM>sminrow</EM>, <EM>smin-</EM> <EM>col</EM>, <EM>smaxrow</EM>, and <EM>smaxcol</EM> specify the edges of the rectan- gle to be displayed on the screen. The lower right-hand corner of the rectangle to be displayed in the pad is cal- culated from the screen coordinates, since the rectangles must be the same size. Both rectangles must be entirely contained within their respective structures. Negative values of <EM>pminrow</EM>, <EM>pmincol</EM>, <EM>sminrow</EM>, or <EM>smincol</EM> are treated as if they were zero. The <STRONG>pechochar</STRONG> routine is functionally equivalent to a call to <STRONG>addch</STRONG> followed by a call to <STRONG>refresh</STRONG>, a call to <STRONG>waddch</STRONG> followed by a call to <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG>, or a call to <STRONG>waddch</STRONG> fol- lowed by a call to <STRONG>prefresh</STRONG>. The knowledge that only a single character is being output is taken into considera- tion and, for non-control characters, a considerable per- formance gain might be seen by using these routines instead of their equivalents. In the case of <STRONG>pechochar</STRONG>, the last location of the pad on the screen is reused for the arguments to <STRONG>prefresh</STRONG>. The <STRONG>pecho_wchar</STRONG> function is the analogous wide-character form of <STRONG>pechochar</STRONG>. It outputs one character to a pad and immediately refreshes the pad. It does this by a call to <STRONG>wadd_wch</STRONG> followed by a call to <STRONG>prefresh</STRONG>.</PRE><H2>RETURN VALUE</H2><PRE> Routines that return an integer return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure and <STRONG>OK</STRONG> (SVr4 only specifies "an integer value other than <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>") upon successful completion. Routines that return pointers return <STRONG>NULL</STRONG> on error, and set <STRONG>errno</STRONG> to <STRONG>ENOMEM</STRONG>.</PRE><H2>NOTES</H2><PRE> Note that <STRONG>pechochar</STRONG> may be a macro.</PRE><H2>PORTABILITY</H2><PRE> The XSI Curses standard, Issue 4 describes these func- tions.</PRE><H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE> <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_touch.3x.html">curs_touch(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>. <STRONG><A HREF="curs_pad.3x.html">curs_pad(3x)</A></STRONG></PRE><HR><ADDRESS>Man(1) output converted with<a href="http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/man2html.html">man2html</a></ADDRESS></BODY></HTML>?? 快捷鍵說明
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