?? wtl for mfc programmers, part vii - splitter windows - wtl.htm
字號:
src="images/panecont7.png"
width=356 align=bottom border=0></P>
<H3><A name=pcclosebtn></A><font color="#FFFF66">關閉按鈕和消息處理</font></H3>
<P>當用戶用鼠標單擊Close按鈕時,窗格容器向父窗口發送一個WM_COMMAND消息,命令的ID是ID_PANE_CLOSE。如果你在分隔窗口中使用了窗格容器,你需要響應整個消息,調用SetSinglePaneMode()隱藏這個窗格。(但是,不要忘了提供用戶一個重新顯示窗格的方法!)</P>
<p>CPaneContainer的消息鏈也用到了FORWARD_NOTIFICATIONS()宏,和CSplitterWindow一樣,窗格容器在客戶窗口和它的父窗口之間傳遞通知消息。在ClipSpy這個例子中,在list控件和主框架窗口之間隔了兩個窗口(窗格容器和分隔窗口),但是FORWARD_NOTIFICATIONS()宏可以確保所有的通知消息被送到主框架窗口。
<H2><A name=advancedsplitter></A><font color="#FFFF66">高級功能</font></H2>
<P>在這一節,我將介紹一些如何使用WTL的高級界面特性。</P>
<H3><A name=nested></A><font color="#FFFF66">嵌套的分隔窗口</font></H3>
<P>如果你要編寫一個email的客戶端程序,你可能需要使用嵌套的分隔條,一個水平的和一個垂直的分隔條。使用WTL很容易做到這一點:創建一個分隔窗口作為另一個分隔窗口的子窗口。</P>
<p>為了演示這種效果,我將為ClipSpy添加一個水平分隔窗口。首先,添加一個名為m_wndHorzSplitter的CHorSplitterWindow類型的成員,像創建垂直分隔窗口m_wndVertSplitter那樣創建這個水平分隔窗口,使水平分隔窗口m_wndHorzSplitter成為頂層窗口,將m_wndVertSplitter創建成m_wndHorzSplitter的子窗口。最后將m_hWndClient設置為m_wndHorzSplitter,因為現在水平分隔窗口占據整個主框架窗口的客戶區。</p>
<PRE><font color="#0033FF">LRESULT CMainFrame::OnCreate()
{
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>//...</SPAN>
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>// Create the splitter windows.</SPAN>
<B>m_wndHorzSplit.Create ( *<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>this</SPAN>, rcDefault, NULL,
dwSplitStyle, dwSplitExStyle );
m_wndVertSplit.Create ( m_wndHorzSplit, rcDefault, NULL,
dwSplitStyle, dwSplitExStyle );</B>
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>//...</SPAN>
<B> <SPAN class=cpp-comment>// Set the horizontal splitter as the client area window.</SPAN>
m_hWndClient = m_wndHorzSplit;
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>// Set up the splitter panes</SPAN>
m_wndPaneContainer.SetClient ( m_wndFormatList );
m_wndHorzSplit.SetSplitterPane ( SPLIT_PANE_TOP, m_wndVertSplit );
m_wndVertSplit.SetSplitterPanes ( m_wndPaneContainer, m_wndDataViewer );
</B><SPAN class=cpp-comment>//...</SPAN>
}</font></PRE>
<P>最終的結果是這個樣子的:</P>
<P><IMG height=323 alt=" [Horz splitter w/empty pane - 5K] "
src="images/emptyhsplit7.png"
width=388 align=bottom border=0></P>
<H3><A name=axinpane></A><font color="#FFFF66">在窗格中使用ActiveX控件</font></H3>
<P>在分隔窗口的窗格中使用ActiveX控件與在對話框中使用ActiveX控件類似,使用CAxWindow類的方法在運行是創建控件,然后將這個CAxWindow指定給分隔窗口的窗格。下面演示了如何在水平分隔窗口下面的窗格中使用瀏覽器控件:</P>
<PRE> <font color="#0033FF"><B><SPAN class=cpp-comment>// Create the bottom pane (browser)</SPAN>
CAxWindow wndIE;
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>const</SPAN> DWORD dwIEStyle = WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CLIPCHILDREN |
WS_HSCROLL | WS_VSCROLL;
wndIE.Create ( m_wndHorzSplit, rcDefault,
_T(<SPAN class=cpp-string>"http://www.codeproject.com"</SPAN>), dwIEStyle );
</B>
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>// Set the horizontal splitter as the client area window.</SPAN>
m_hWndClient = m_wndHorzSplit;
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>// Set up the splitter panes</SPAN>
m_wndPaneContainer.SetClient ( m_wndFormatList );
<B>m_wndHorzSplit.SetSplitterPanes ( m_wndVertSplit, wndIE );
</B> m_wndVertSplit.SetSplitterPanes ( m_wndPaneContainer, m_wndDataViewer );</font></PRE>
<H3><A name=specialdraw></A><font color="#FFFF66">特殊繪制</font></H3>
<P>如果你想改變分隔條的外觀,例如在上面使用一些材質,你可以從CSplitterWindowImpl派生新類并重載DrawSplitterBar()函數。如果你只是想調整一下分隔條的外觀,可以復制CSplitterWindowImpl類的函數,然后稍做修改。下面的例子就在分隔條中使用了斜交叉線圖案。</P>
<PRE><SPAN class=cpp-keyword><font color="#0033FF">template</font></SPAN> <font color="#0033FF"><<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>bool</SPAN> t_bVertical = <SPAN class=cpp-keyword>true</SPAN>>
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>class</SPAN> CMySplitterWindowT :
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>public</SPAN> CSplitterWindowImpl<CMySplitterWindowT<t_bVertical>, t_bVertical>
{
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>public</SPAN>:
DECLARE_WND_CLASS_EX(_T(<SPAN class=cpp-string>"My_SplitterWindow"</SPAN>),
CS_DBLCLKS, COLOR_WINDOW)
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>// Overrideables</SPAN>
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>void</SPAN> DrawSplitterBar(CDCHandle dc)
{
RECT rect;
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>if</SPAN> ( m_br.IsNull() )
m_br.CreateHatchBrush ( HS_DIAGCROSS,
t_bVertical ? RGB(<SPAN class=cpp-literal>255</SPAN>,<SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>,<SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>)
: RGB(<SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>,<SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>,<SPAN class=cpp-literal>255</SPAN>) );
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>if</SPAN> ( GetSplitterBarRect ( &rect ) )
{
dc.FillRect ( &rect, m_br );
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>// draw 3D edge if needed</SPAN>
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>if</SPAN> ( (GetExStyle() & WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE) != <SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>)
dc.DrawEdge(&rect, EDGE_RAISED,
t_bVertical ? (BF_LEFT | BF_RIGHT)
: (BF_TOP | BF_BOTTOM));
}
}
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>protected</SPAN>:
CBrush m_br;
};
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>typedef</SPAN> CMySplitterWindowT<<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>true</SPAN>> CMySplitterWindow;
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>typedef</SPAN> CMySplitterWindowT<<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>false</SPAN>> CMyHorSplitterWindow;</font></PRE>
<P>這就是結果(將分隔條變寬是為了更容易看到效果):</P>
<P><IMG height=349 alt=" [custom drawn bars - 14K] "
src="images/custombars7.png"
width=413 align=bottom border=0></P>
<H2><A name=pcoverrides></A><font color="#FFFF66">窗格容器內的特殊繪制</font></H2>
<P>CPaneContainer也有幾個函數可以重載,用來改變窗格容器的外觀。你可以從CPaneContainerImpl派生新類并重載你需要的方法,例如:</P>
<PRE><SPAN class=cpp-keyword><font color="#0033FF">class</font></SPAN><font color="#0033FF"> CMyPaneContainer :
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>public</SPAN> CPaneContainerImpl<CMyPaneContainer>
{
<SPAN class=cpp-keyword>public</SPAN>:
DECLARE_WND_CLASS_EX(_T(<SPAN class=cpp-string>"My_PaneContainer"</SPAN>), <SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>, -<SPAN class=cpp-literal>1</SPAN>)
<SPAN class=cpp-comment>//... overrides here ...</SPAN>
};</font></PRE>
<P>一些更有意思的方法是:</P>
<PRE><SPAN class=cpp-keyword><font color="#0033FF">void</font></SPAN><font color="#0033FF"> CalcSize()</font></PRE>
<P>調用CalcSize()函數只是為了設置m_cxyHeader,這個變量控制著窗格容器的頂部區域的寬度和高度。不過SetPaneContainerExtendedStyle()函數中有一個BUG,導致窗格從水平切換到垂直時沒有調用派生類的CalcSize()方法,你可以將CalcSize()調用改為pT->CalcSize()來修補這個BUG。</P>
<PRE><font color="#0033FF">HFONT GetTitleFont()</font></PRE>
<P>這個方法返回一個HFONT,它被用來畫頂部區域的文字,默認的值是調用GetStockObject(DEFAULT_GUI_FONT)得到的字體,也就是MS
Sans Serif。如果你想改稱更現代的Tahoma字體,你可以重載GetTitleFont()方法,返回你創建的Tahoma字體。</P>
<PRE><font color="#0033FF">BOOL GetToolTipText(LPNMHDR lpnmh)</font></PRE>
<P>重載這個方法提供鼠標移到Close按鈕時彈出的提示信息,這個函數實際上是TTN_GETDISPINFO的相應函數,你可以將lpnmh轉換成NMTTDISPINFO*,并設置這個數據結構內相應的成員變量。記住一點,你必須檢查通知代碼,它可能是TTN_GETDISPINFO或TTN_GETDISPINFOW,你需要有區別的訪問這兩個數據結構。</P>
<PRE><SPAN class=cpp-keyword><font color="#0033FF">void</font></SPAN><font color="#0033FF"> DrawPaneTitle(CDCHandle dc)</font></PRE>
<P>你可以重載這個方法自己畫頂部區域,你可以用GetClientRect()和m_cxyHeader來計算頂部區域的范圍。下面的例子演示了在水平容器的頂部區域畫一個漸變填充的背景:</P>
<PRE><SPAN class=cpp-keyword><font color="#0033FF">void</font></SPAN><font color="#0033FF"> CMyPaneContainer::DrawPaneTitle ( CDCHandle dc )
{
RECT rect;
GetClientRect(&rect);
TRIVERTEX tv[] = {
{ rect.left, rect.top, <SPAN class=cpp-literal>0xff00</SPAN> },
{ rect.right, rect.top + m_cxyHeader, <SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>, <SPAN class=cpp-literal>0xff00</SPAN> }
};
GRADIENT_RECT gr = { <SPAN class=cpp-literal>0</SPAN>, <SPAN class=cpp-literal>1</SPAN> };
dc.GradientFill ( tv, <SPAN class=cpp-literal>2</SPAN>, &gr, <SPAN class=cpp-literal>1</SPAN>, GRADIENT_FILL_RECT_H );
}</font></PRE>
<P>例子工程代碼中演示了對這幾個方法的重載,使得結果看起來是這個樣子的:</P>
<P><IMG height=282 alt=" [Custom drawing in a pane cont. - 6K] "
src="images/custompc7.png"
width=383 align=bottom border=0></P>
<P>從上面的圖中可以看到,這個演示程序有一個Splitters菜單,通過它可以在各種風格的分隔條(包括自畫風格)和窗格容器之間切換,比較它們之間的異同。你還可以鎖定分隔條的位置,這是通過設置和取消SPLIT_NONINTERACTIVE擴展風格來實現的。</P>
<H2><A name=bonus></A><font color="#FFFF66">在狀態欄顯示進度條</font></H2>
<P>正如我在前幾篇文章中做得保證那樣,新的ClipSpy也演示了如何在狀態條上創建進展條,它和MFC版本得功能一樣,幾個相關得步驟是:</P>
<OL>
<LI>得到狀態條第一個窗格得坐標范圍RECT
<LI>創建一個進展條作為狀態條得子窗口,窗口大小就是哪個狀態條窗格得大小
<LI>隨著edit控件被填充的同時更新進展條的位置</LI>
</OL>
<P>這些代碼在CMainFrame::CreateProgressCtrlInStatusBar()函數中。</P>
<H2><A name=upnext></A><font color="#FFFF66">繼續</font></H2>
<P>在第八章我將介紹屬性頁和向導對話框的用法</P>
<H2><A name=references></A>參考</H2>
<P><A href="http://www.codeproject.com/wtl/SplitPane.asp">WTL Splitters and Pane Containers</A> by Ed Gadziemski</P>
<H2><A name=revisionhistory></A><font color="#FFFF66">修改記錄</font></H2>
<P>July 9, 2003: 文章第一次發布。
</body>
</html>
?? 快捷鍵說明
復制代碼
Ctrl + C
搜索代碼
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切換主題
Ctrl + Shift + D
顯示快捷鍵
?
增大字號
Ctrl + =
減小字號
Ctrl + -