//文件名:CHAPTER7-13.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <deque>
#if _MSC_VER > 1020   // if VC++ version is > 4.2
   using namespace std;  // std c++ libs implemented in std
#endif
typedef deque<char >  CHARDEQUE;
void print_contents (CHARDEQUE  deque, char*);
void main()
{   CHARDEQUE  a; // 定義一個deque變量
    if(a.empty())      //判斷容器是否為空
        cout<<"a is empty"<<endl;
    else
        cout<<"a is not empty"<<endl;
    //inset A, B, C and D  to a
    a.push_back('A');
    a.push_back('B');
    a.push_back('C');
    a.push_back('D');
    //check again whether a is empty
    if(a.empty()) cout<<"a is empty"<<endl;
    else cout<<"a is not empty"<<endl;
    //print out the contents
    print_contents (a,"a");  //調用打印函數，把deuqe的內容打印出來
    cout <<"The first element of a is  " <<a[0] <<endl;// 使用數組的形式顯示容器中的內容
    cout <<"The first element of a is  " <<a.at(0) <<endl; // 使用at函數顯示容器中的內容
    cout <<"The last element of a is  " <<a[a.size()-1] <<endl; // 使用數組形式顯示容器中的內容
    cout <<"The last element of a is  " <<a.at(a.size()-1) <<endl; // 使用at函數顯示容器中的內容
}
//打印deque成員函數
void print_contents (CHARDEQUE  deque, char *name)
{
    CHARDEQUE::iterator pdeque;  //定義迭代器
    cout <<"The contents of "<< name <<" : ";
    for(pdeque = deque.begin(); pdeque != deque.end(); pdeque++)
    {  cout << *pdeque <<" " ; // 使用迭代器技術顯示容器中的內容
	}
    cout<<endl;
}