單片機播放音樂程序例程參考(C語言)
關于播放效果 
1.由于輸出的是方波，比較難聽:-) 
只能說是非常難聽:-)為什么呢？只因為輸出的是方波,包含了大量的奇次諧波。 
你可以用雙龍的"虛擬儀器"分別產生正弦波、三角波和方波聽一下，正弦波感覺就比 
較純正， 
而方波則要多難聽有多難聽！ 
解決方案： 
1.用3、4個IO及R－2R電阻網絡作3、4BitDAC 
2.用PWM輸出 
3.用專用音樂旋律發生芯片 
4.用硬波表的聲卡或MIDI芯片 
各方案比較： 
1.制作簡單，占用IO、定時器資源較少，成本低,可行性好 
2.制作簡單，但PWM頻率不能作高，行不通 
3.4.可作出很好聽的效果，但成本較高 
關于：如果單片機進作此工作還可以，加入其他的程序肯定不行 
2.由于依靠T1的頻繁中斷產生相應頻率的輸出， 
因此任何其他同級或更高級別的中斷發生都會使T1不能進入中斷， 
使樂曲打頓，這樣就必須使其他中斷占用的時間盡量短才會感覺不出來 
關于：功能齊全 
底層的東西作出來后，而且是用C編程，要功能齊全是件相當容易的事 
關于：音符編碼 
優化的音符編碼是這個程序最大的優點(相對于所有見過的類似功能程序) 
3.優化音符編碼：一個字節中包含節拍、音符、升降調，可區分數據和命令， 
對于一般的樂曲調用功能碼的時候相當少，基本可做到一個音符對應一個字 
節， 
這點對于小存儲量的單片機來說是必要的。 
同時人工將音符譯為機器碼非常容易。(格式看下面實例) 
//音符碼格式:| D7 |D6 D5 D4| D3 |D2 D1 D0|  |變調| 節拍|升降| 音符 | 
// 示例:0xcb=11001011B,即升調,4/16拍,3Mi低音 
//功能碼格式:| D7 D6 D5 D4 | D3 D2 D1 D0| 
// |高4位=0時是功能碼|根據低4位散轉 | 
0x00, //最后字節為功能碼必須==0x00退出 
關于發布此貼的原因 
1.幫助初學者， 
2.拋磚引玉， 
3.論壇正有人問相關的問題 
4.就程序的規范性、寫法、注釋等征求大家的意見 

還將有一系列的源程序公開，正在整理 
關于樂理方面的知識 
建議大家到 MIDI小屋 去看看， 
有大量的MIDI、MIDI知識、MIDI軟件 
其中的有一個YAMAHA軟波表一定要試一下， 
你會對MIDI的觀念大大改觀(害的我當年發了瘋的從網上找了6萬多首MIDI:-） 

上網想找東西的別忘了用搜索:-) 

****************************************************************************/ 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
// 源程序大公開 // 
// (c) Copyright 2001－2002 xuwenjun // 
// All Rights Reserved // 
// V1.00 // 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
//標　題: 單片機IO口播放樂曲 // 
//版　本: V1.00 // 
//文件名: xwj_lcd16.C // 
//創建人: 徐文軍 E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com // 
//日　期: 02-11-5 // 
//描　述: 單片機利用T1中斷在IO口P1.0輸出樂曲 // 
//聲　明: // 
// 以下代碼僅免費提供給學習用途，但引用或修改后必須在文件中聲明出處. // 
// 如用于商業用途請與作者聯系. E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com // 
// 有問題請mailto xuwenjun@21cn.com 歡迎與我交流! // 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
//修改人: 徐文軍 E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com // 
//日　期: 02-11-5 // 
//說　明: // 
// 單片機用T1中斷在IO口P1.0輸出樂曲(在P1.0口與VCC間接一喇叭即可聽到) // 
// 1.由于輸出的是方波，比較難聽:-)你也可以將波形細分用DA輸出正弦波 // 
// 2.由于T1頻繁中斷，任何其他中斷發生都會是樂曲打頓，只適合試驗 // 
// 3.優化音符編碼：一個字節中包含節拍、音符、升降調，可區分數據和命令// 
// 同時人工將音符譯為機器碼非常容易。(格式看下面實例)// 
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
#include <reg52.h> 
#include <intrins.h> 
#define FREQ 11059200 

// 音樂_編碼2 -- 存儲器定義 // 
unsigned char code music_tab1[]={ //音符碼格式:| D7 |D6 D5 D4| D3 |D2 D1 D0| 
//梁祝 |變調| 節拍|升降| 音 符 | 
0xcb, //示例:0xcb=11001011B,即升調,4/16拍,3Mi低音 
0x35,0x16,0xb9,0x12,0x96,0x99,0xa5, 
0xbd,0x99,0x96,0x15,0x13,0x15,0x62, 
0x32,0x13,0xa7,0x26,0x25,0x16,0xa9,0x22, 
0xa3,0xa9,0x96,0x15,0x16,0x99,0xe5, 
0xbb,0x15,0xa7,0xaa,0x96,0x99,0xd5, 
0x13,0x15,0x23,0x15,0x16,0x17,0x9a,0xd6,0x15,0x16, 
0xb9,0x12,0x25,0x23,0x23,0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0x96,0x15, 
0x43,0xc9,0x96,0x99,0x96,0x15,0x13,0x15,0x16,0x99, 
0xd5, //功能碼格式:| D7 D6 D5 D4 | D3 D2 D1 D0| 
// |高4位=0時是功能碼|根據低4位散轉 | 
0x00, //最后字節為功能碼必須==0x00退出 
}; 
unsigned char code music_tab2[]={ //康定情歌 
0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x36,0x13,0x42, 
0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x26,0x53, 
0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x26,0x23,0x42, 
0x25,0x23,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x11, 0x22,0xd6, 
0x26,0xda, 0x25,0x53, 0x12,0x11,0xd6, 
0xad,0x23,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x11, 0x22,0xd6, 
0x00, 
}; 
unsigned char code music_tab3[]={ //美酒加咖啡 
0x55,0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9,0x22, 0x73, 
0x45,0x25,0x26,0x23,0x22,0x21,0x23, 0x72, 
0x52,0x23,0x45,0x43, 0x22,0x21,0xa6,0x25,0x66, 
0xc9,0xa6,0x25,0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9, 0xf5, 
0x45,0x23,0x25,0x46,0xc9, 0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0x22,0x63, 
0x22,0x23,0x25,0x26,0x25,0x23,0x22,0x21, 0x72, 
0x52,0x23,0x45,0x43, 0x22,0x21,0xa6,0x25,0x66, 
0xb9,0x12,0x23,0x25,0x22,0xa5,0xab,0x22, 0x71, 
0x00, 
}; 
unsigned char code music_tab4[]={ //北國之春 
0x15,0x16,0x75, 0x15,0x16,0x55,0x13,0x15,0x16,0x15,0x16,0x99,0x12,0x13, 
0x65,0x45,0x13,0x12,0x11,0x12, 0x73, 
0x62,0x42,0x12,0x11,0x96,0x15, 0x76, 
0x55,0x23,0x45,0xa9,0x22, 0x53,0x12,0x13,0x65, 
0x52,0x22,0x42,0x21,0xa6, 0xe9,0x91,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x13,0x15,0x99,0x12, 
//以上為過門 
0x20,0x23,0x23,0x23,0x63, 0x22,0x23,0x23,0x22,0x41,0xa6,0x25, 
0x53,0x22,0x21,0xa9,0x21,0xa6, 0x75, 
0x26,0xa9,0x21,0xa6,0xc9,0x12,0x11,0x96,0x15, 
0x23,0x25,0x25,0x26,0x45,0x21,0x22, 
0x13,0x35,0x25,0xa9,0xa6,0x25,0x23,0x22, 0x71, 
0x52,0x25,0x45,0x13,0x15,0x13,0x12, 0x21,0x41,0x22,0x43,0x45, 
0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9,0x42,0x12,0x33, 0x72, 
0x51,0x22,0x43,0x22,0x21, 0xc6,0xc9,0x29,0xc6,0x45,0x23,0x23, 
0x53,0x25,0x26,0x25,0x13,0x12,0x21, 0x62,0x42,0x23,0x25, 
0x55,0x26,0x25,0x23,0x45, 0x26,0xa9,0x21,0x22,0x63, 
0x52,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0xa6,0xf9, 
0x00, 
}; 

unsigned char code music_l_tab[8]={0,1,2,3,4,6,8,16};//節拍延時單位 
unsigned char code music_freq_tab[64]={ //音符定時器值表 
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/131/256, //256-FREQ/24/x/256 //1 do 高字節 
256-FREQ/24/131%256, //256-FREQ/24/x%256 //1 do 低字節 
255-FREQ/24/147/256,256-FREQ/24/147%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/165/256,256-FREQ/24/165%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/175/256,256-FREQ/24/175%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/196/256,256-FREQ/24/196%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/221/256,256-FREQ/24/221%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/248/256,256-FREQ/24/248%256, //7 xi 

0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/262/256,256-FREQ/24/262%256, //1 do 
255-FREQ/24/294/256,256-FREQ/24/294%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/330/256,256-FREQ/24/330%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/350/256,256-FREQ/24/350%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/393/256,256-FREQ/24/393%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/441/256,256-FREQ/24/441%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/495/256,256-FREQ/24/495%256, //7 xi 

0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/525/256,256-FREQ/24/525%256, //1 do 
255-FREQ/24/589/256,256-FREQ/24/589%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/661/256,256-FREQ/24/661%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/700/256,256-FREQ/24/700%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/786/256,256-FREQ/24/786%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/882/256,256-FREQ/24/882%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/990/256,256-FREQ/24/990%256, //7 xi 

0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/1049/256,256-FREQ/24/1049%256, //1 do 
255-FREQ/24/1178/256,256-FREQ/24/1178%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/1322/256,256-FREQ/24/1322%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/1400/256,256-FREQ/24/1400%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/1572/256,256-FREQ/24/1572%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/1665/256,256-FREQ/24/1665%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/1869/256,256-FREQ/24/1869%256, //7 xi 

}; 

unsigned char code music_frequp_tab[64]={ //升半音 
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/139/256, //1 do 高字節 //255-FREQ/24/x/256 
256-FREQ/24/139%256, //1 do 低字節 //256-FREQ/24/x%256 
255-FREQ/24/156/256,256-FREQ/24/156%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/175/256,256-FREQ/24/175%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/185/256,256-FREQ/24/185%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/208/256,256-FREQ/24/208%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/234/256,256-FREQ/24/234%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/262/256,256-FREQ/24/262%256, //7 xi 

0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/278/256,256-FREQ/24/278%256, //1 do 
255-FREQ/24/312/256,256-FREQ/24/312%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/350/256,256-FREQ/24/350%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/371/256,256-FREQ/24/371%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/416/256,256-FREQ/24/416%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/467/256,256-FREQ/24/467%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/525/256,256-FREQ/24/525%256, //7 xi 

0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/556/256,256-FREQ/24/556%256, //1 do 
255-FREQ/24/624/256,256-FREQ/24/624%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/700/256,256-FREQ/24/700%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/742/256,256-FREQ/24/742%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/833/256,256-FREQ/24/833%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/935/256,256-FREQ/24/935%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/1049/256,256-FREQ/24/1049%256, //7 xi 

0xff,0xea, //0 休止符 
255-FREQ/24/1112/256,256-FREQ/24/1112%256, //1 do 
255-FREQ/24/1248/256,256-FREQ/24/1248%256, //2 re 
255-FREQ/24/1400/256,256-FREQ/24/1400%256, //3 mi 
255-FREQ/24/1484/256,256-FREQ/24/1484%256, //4 fa 
255-FREQ/24/1618/256,256-FREQ/24/1618%256, //5 suo 
255-FREQ/24/1764/256,256-FREQ/24/1764%256, //6 la 
255-FREQ/24/1968/256,256-FREQ/24/1968%256, //7 xi 
}; 
unsigned char temp_TH1; 
unsigned char temp_TL1; 

// 音樂_編碼2 -- IO定義 // 
sbit PIN_MSC=P1^0; // 音樂輸出端口 // 

// 音樂_編碼2 -- 函數原型// 
void music_delay(unsigned char x); //音樂節拍延時 
void music_play(unsigned char *msc); //播放音樂子程序 

// 音樂_編碼2 -- 函數 // 
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
void music_int_t1 (void) interrupt 3 using 1 //定時中斷1// 
{ 
PIN_MSC=~PIN_MSC; 
TH1=temp_TH1; 
TL1=temp_TL1; 
} 

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
void music_delay(unsigned char n) //延時 125*n 毫秒 
{ 
unsigned char i=125,j; 
do { 
do { 
for (j=0; j<230; j++) _nop_(); //j=(11159KHz/12-10)/4 
}while(--i); 
}while(--n); 
} 

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
void music_play(unsigned char *msc) //音樂 
{ 
unsigned char music_freq=32; //音高 
unsigned char music_long; //節拍 
unsigned char music_data=0; //音符數據 
bit music_up=0; //升半音 
bit music_break=0; //斷奏 
temp_TH1=0xff; 
temp_TL1=0xea; //關輸出(輸出超聲波) 
TMOD=0x11; //T0：16位定時器、T1：16位定時器 
// ET0=0; //關T0定時器中斷 
ET1=1; //開T1定時器中斷 
//--------------------------------------------------------- 
while (*msc != 0x00) 
{ 
music_data=*msc & 0x07; 
music_long=*msc>>4; 
//--------------------------------------------------------- 
if (music_long != 0) //是音符 
{ 
if (*msc >=128) //需升降調 
{ 
if (((*msc) & 0x08) == 0) 
{if (music_freq >= 16) music_freq -= 16;} //音高下降 
else 
{if (music_freq < 48) music_freq += 16;} //音高上升 
} 
//--------------------------------------------------------- 
if (music_up==1) //升半音 
{ 
temp_TH1=music_frequp_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1))]; 
temp_TL1=music_frequp_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1)+1)]; 
} 
else //不升半音 
{ 
temp_TH1=music_freq_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1))]; 
temp_TL1=music_freq_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1)+ 1)]; 
} 
//--------------------------------------------------------- 
if (music_break) //斷奏 
{ 
music_delay(music_l_tab[music_long&0x07]-1); 
temp_TH1=0xff; 
temp_TL1=0xea; 
music_delay(1); 
} 
else //連奏 
music_delay(music_l_tab[music_long&0x07]); 
} 
//--------------------------------------------------------- 
else //是功能碼 
{ 
switch(music_data) 
{ 
case 0x04: 
music_up=0; //不升半音 
break; 
case 0x05: 
music_up=1; //升半音 
break; 
case 0x06: 
music_break=0; //斷奏 
break; 
case 0x07: 
music_break=1; //連奏 
break; 
default: 
break; 
} 
} 
//--------------------------------------------------------- 
msc++; 
} 
ET1=0; //播放結束,關T1中斷 
PIN_MSC=1; //關輸出 
// temp_TH1=0xff; 
// temp_TL1=0xea; //關輸出(輸出超聲波) 
// ET0=1; //開T0定時器中斷 
// TMOD=0x51; //T0：16位定時器、T1：16位計數器 
} 

//---------------------------------------------------------------------------// 
void main(void) //示例 
{ 
// 設置定時器-------------------------------------- 
TMOD = 0x11; // TMOD: 定時器1:模式1:16位;定時器2:模式1:16 位 // 
// TCON = 0x50; // TCON: 定時器 1運行; 定時器 2運行 // 
// 設置并開啟中斷: 
IP = 0x08; //中斷優先寄存器IP:|D7_x |x|x |PS|PT1|PX1|PT0|D0_PX0|// 
IE = 0x88; //中斷允許寄存器IE:|D7_EA|x|ET2|ES|ET1|EX1|ET0|D0_EX0|// 
for (;;) { 
//在此調用鍵盤和顯示函數// 
music_play(music_tab1); 
music_play(music_tab2); 
music_play(music_tab3); 
music_play(music_tab4); 
} 
} 
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------//