#define ONCE_RUN_BEGIN \
	static bool once=true;    \
	if(once){ once=false;	
#define ONCE_RUN_END  }

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
template<class C>
void puts(C s){
    cout<<s<<endl;
}
void puts(){
    cout<<endl;
}
template<class C>
void print(C s){
    cout<<s;
}
int rand(int form,int to)
{
    ONCE_RUN_BEGIN
        srand(time(NULL));rand();
    ONCE_RUN_END

	return rand()%(to-form+1)+form;
}

vector<int> rand_paiLie(int from,int to){
    int range=to-from+1;
    vector<int> ret(range);
    for(int i=0;i<range;i++){
        int j=0;
        int r;
        do{
            r=rand(from,to);
            for(j=0;j<i;j++){
                if(ret[j]==r)
                    break;
            }
        }while(j!=i);
        ret[i]=r;
    }
    return ret;
}
template<class Type>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,vector<Type>& v)
{
    int size=v.size();
    for(int i=0;i<size;i++){
        cout<<v[i]<<" ";
    }
    cout<<endl;
}
/*
int  main() {
    puts(rand(0,8));
    puts(rand_paiLie(0,8));
    // for(int i:)
    // {
        // puts(i);
    // }
    puts((new int[4]));
    return 0;
}
 */