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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"><html> <head> <title> Menus and Toolbars with GnomeUIInfo </title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content= "Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.45"> <link rel="HOME" title="GTK+ / Gnome Application Development" href="ggad.html"> <link rel="UP" title="The Main Window: GnomeApp" href= "cha-main.html"> <link rel="PREVIOUS" title="The Main Window: GnomeApp" href= "cha-main.html"> <link rel="NEXT" title="Adding a Status Bar" href="z91.html"> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink= "#840084" alink="#0000FF"> <div class="NAVHEADER"> <table width="100%" border="0" bgcolor="#ffffff" cellpadding= "1" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <th colspan="4" align="center"> <font color="#000000" size="2">GTK+ / Gnome Application Development</font> </th> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%" bgcolor="#ffffff" align="left"> <a href="cha-main.html"><font color="#0000ff" size="2"> <b><<< Previous</b></font></a> </td> <td width="25%" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" align= "center"> <font color="#0000ff" size="2"><b><a href="ggad.html"> <font color="#0000ff" size="2"><b> Home</b></font></a></b></font> </td> <td width="25%" bgcolor="#ffffff" align="right"> <a href="z91.html"><font color="#0000ff" size="2"><b> Next >>></b></font></a> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="SECT1"> <h1 class="SECT1"> <a name="SEC-GNOMEUIINFO">Menus and Toolbars with <span class="STRUCTNAME">GnomeUIInfo</span></a> </h1> <p> It's tedious to create large menus, especially if they have features such as icons and keyboard accelerators. Gnome provides a simple solution. You assemble a <span class= "STRUCTNAME">GnomeUIInfo</span> struct as a template for each menu item, simply listing its characteristics: name, icon, accelerator, and so on. The Gnome libraries can automatically create menus from arrays of <span class= "STRUCTNAME">GnomeUIInfo</span> templates. The same method works with toolbars. </p> <p> Here's the declaration of <span class="STRUCTNAME">struct GnomeUIInfo</span>. </p> <table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> <tr> <td><pre class="PROGRAMLISTING"> typedef struct { GnomeUIInfoType type; gchar* label; gchar* hint; gpointer moreinfo; gpointer user_data; gpointer unused_data; GnomeUIPixmapType pixmap_type; gpointer pixmap_info; guint accelerator_key; GdkModifierType ac_mods; GtkWidget* widget;} GnomeUIInfo; </pre> </td> </tr> </table> <p> A static initializer is the most convenient way to fill in the struct (but of course you can create it dynamically if you prefer). Gnome's routines accept an array of <span class="STRUCTNAME">GnomeUIInfo</span>, and macros are provided to simplify and standardize the most common static initializers. Here's a typical example, a File menu: </p> <table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> <tr> <td><pre class="PROGRAMLISTING"> static GnomeUIInfo file_menu[] = { GNOMEUIINFO_MENU_NEW_ITEM(N_("_New Window"), N_("Create a new text viewer window"), new_app_cb, NULL), GNOMEUIINFO_MENU_OPEN_ITEM(open_cb,NULL), GNOMEUIINFO_MENU_SAVE_AS_ITEM(save_as_cb,NULL), GNOMEUIINFO_SEPARATOR, GNOMEUIINFO_MENU_CLOSE_ITEM(close_cb,NULL), GNOMEUIINFO_MENU_EXIT_ITEM(exit_cb,NULL), GNOMEUIINFO_END}; </pre> </td> </tr> </table> <p> There isn't always a nice macro for the menu item you want, so sometimes you must manually specify each element of the struct: </p> <table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> <tr> <td><pre class="PROGRAMLISTING"> { GNOME_APP_UI_ITEM, N_("_Select All"), N_("Select all cells in the spreadsheet"), select_all_cb, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 'a', GDK_CONTROL_MASK } </pre> </td> </tr> </table> <p> By now you're probably wondering what the struct members mean. Simple enough. Here's a breakdown: </p> <ul> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">type</span> is a type marker from the <span class="STRUCTNAME"> GnomeUIInfoType</span> enumeration. See <a href= "sec-gnomeuiinfo.html#TAB-UIINFOTYPES">Table 1</a>. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">label</span> is the text of the menu or toolbar button. It should be marked for internationalization with the <span class="STRUCTNAME"> N_()</span> macro. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">hint</span> is a long description of the item's function. For toolbar buttons, it will appear in a tooltip; for menus, it can be made to appear in the statusbar. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">moreinfo</span> depends on the <span class="STRUCTNAME">type</span> of the item. See <a href="sec-gnomeuiinfo.html#TAB-UIINFOTYPES">Table 1</a>. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">user_data</span> will be passed to your callback function, if this item type has a callback. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">unused_data</span> should be set to <span class="STRUCTNAME">NULL</span>, and is not used yet. It may be used in future versions of Gnome. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">pixmap_type</span> is a value from the <span class="STRUCTNAME"> GnomeUIPixmapType</span> enumeration; its purpose is to specify the type of the next member, <span class= "STRUCTNAME">pixmap_info</span>. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">pixmap_info</span> can be raw pixmap data, a filename, or the name of a Gnome stock pixmap. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">accelerator_key</span> is the key to be used as an accelerator for this item . You can use a character such as <span class="STRUCTNAME"> 'a'</span>, or a value from <tt class="FILENAME"> gdk/gdkkeysyms.h</tt>. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">ac_mods</span> is a modifier mask to be used with the accelerator. </p> </li> <li> <p> <span class="STRUCTNAME">widget</span> should be <span class="STRUCTNAME">NULL</span>; Gnome fills it in when it creates the menu item or toolbar button. You can then retrieve it, if you need to manipulate the widget in some way. </p> </li> </ul> <p> You might also be wondering why the menu item names contain an underscore. The underscore is used to mark the key shortcut for the menu item; translators can move it around as needed to make it intuitive in their language. Gnome will parse the menu item name to obtain the accelerator, then remove the underscore. </p> <p> <a href="sec-gnomeuiinfo.html#TAB-UIINFOTYPES">Table 1</a> summarizes the possible values for the <span class= "STRUCTNAME">type</span> field of a <span class= "STRUCTNAME">GnomeUIInfo</span> struct. See <tt class= "FILENAME">libgnomeui/gnome-app-helper.h</tt> for more details. There are actually a few more possible values, but the others are used internally by the library. The values in <a href="sec-gnomeuiinfo.html#TAB-UIINFOTYPES">Table 1</a> should be sufficient for application code. </p> <div class="TABLE"> <a name="TAB-UIINFOTYPES"></a> <p> <b>Table 1. <span class="STRUCTNAME"> GnomeUIInfoType</span> Values</b> </p> <table border="1" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" class="CALSTABLE"> <tr> <th align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> <span class="STRUCTNAME">GnomeUIInfoType</span> </th> <th align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> Description </th> <th align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> <span class="STRUCTNAME">moreinfo</span> Field </th> </tr> <tr> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> <span class="STRUCTNAME"> GNOME_APP_UI_ENDOFINFO</span> </td> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> Terminates a table of <span class="STRUCTNAME"> GnomeUIInfo</span> </td> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> None </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> <span class="STRUCTNAME">GNOME_APP_UI_ITEM</span> </td> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> Normal item (or radio item inside radio group) </td> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> Callback function </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> <span class="STRUCTNAME"> GNOME_APP_UI_TOGGLEITEM</span> </td> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> Toggle/check item </td> <td align="LEFT" valign="TOP"> Callback function </td>?? 快捷鍵說明
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